2017届高考英语考前冲刺：短文改错
<p> 2017届高考英语考前冲刺短文改错</p><p> 短文改错题是集各项语法规则和语言技能于一体的综合性试题。主要考查学生在篇章结构中综合运用语言知识的能力、理解的准确度及掌握的熟练程度。尽管短文本身文字难度不大，却是高考中得分较低的试题之一。要想在高考中取得较高分，除了要有扎实的基本功，还应了解改错题的命题特点及解题技巧。</p><p> 一、改错题的命题特点</p><p> 一）综观近几年高考短文改错题，命题形式有：</p><p> “缺词”为1—2处；</p><p> “多词”，一般为1—2处；</p><p> “错词”为6处；</p><p> “正确”为1处。</p><p> 二）1、词法方面</p><p> 1）名词的数：如<span word="I">I</span>’<span word="ll">ll</span> <span word="get">get</span> <span word="good">good</span> <span word="marks">marks</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="all">all</span> <span word="my">my</span> <span word="subject">subject</span>.（<span word="NMET">NMET</span> 2001） 2）人称代词、物主代词：如<span word="The">The</span> <span word="Smiths">Smiths</span> <span word="did">did</span> <span word="his">his</span> <span word="best">best</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="make">make</span> <span word="me">me</span> <span word="feel">feel</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="home">home</span>. (<span word="NMET">NMET</span> 2000)3）指示代词：如<span word="Although">Although</span> <span word="this">this</span> <span word="few">few</span> <span word="words">words</span> <span word="sound">sound</span> <span word="simple">simple</span> <span word="enough">enough</span> ,</p><p> …(2004年广东卷)</p><p> 4）反身代词：如 <span word="On">On</span> <span word="Thursday">Thursday</span> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="decide">decide</span> <span word="what">what</span> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="want">want</span> <span word="myself">myself</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="do">do</span> <span word="over">over</span>… (<span word="NMET">NMET</span> 2004)</p><p> <span word="myself">myself</span></p><p> 5）不定代词：如<span word="Now">Now</span> <span word="someone">someone</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="home">home</span> <span word="reads">reads</span> <span word="instead">instead</span>. (<span word="NMET">NMET</span> 1999)2、动词：</p><p> 1）动词的时态、语态：</p><p> 如<span word="At">At</span> <span word="once">once</span> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="apologize">apologize</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="controlled">controlled</span> <span word="me">me</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="my">my</span> <span word="best">best</span> <span word="till">till</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="dinner">dinner</span> <span word="started">started</span>.(2004年江苏卷) 2）非谓语动词：如<span word="I">I</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="often">often</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="little">little</span> <span word="tired">tired</span> <span word="after">after</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="day">day</span>’<span word="s">s</span> <span word="work">work</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="watch">watch</span> <span word="TV">TV</span> <span word="demands">demands</span> <span word="very">very</span> <span word="little">little</span> <span word="effort">effort</span>. (<span word="NMET">NMET</span> 1999)3）动词短语：如<span word="Holiday">Holiday</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="birthday">birthday</span> <span word="postcards">postcards</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="relatives">relatives</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="letters">letters</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="friends">friends</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="all">all</span> <span word="provide">provide</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="stamps">stamps</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="all">all</span> <span word="over">over</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="world">world</span>.(2004浙江卷)3、形容词、副词的词性及比较等级:如<span word="Yes">Yes</span>, <span word="a">a</span> <span word="concert">concert</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="very">very</span> <span word="excited">excited</span>. (<span word="NMET">NMET</span> 2004)4、冠词：如<span word="We">We</span> <span word="may">may</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="one">one</span> <span word="family">family</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="live">live</span> <span word="under">under</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="same">same</span> <span word="roof">roof</span>…（<span word="NMET">NMET</span> 2001）5、介词：如<span word="Can">Can</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="tell">tell</span> <span word="me">me</span> <span word="about">about</span> <span word="what">what</span> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="should">should</span> <span word="do">do</span>? (<span word="NMET">NMET</span> 2004)6、句法方面：1）主谓一致：如<span word="Now">Now</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="picture">picture</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="prize">prize</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="hanging">hanging</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="library">library</span>. (<span word="NMET">NMET</span> 2000)2）并列连词：（<span word="and">and</span>, <span word="but">but</span>, <span word="or">or</span>, <span word="so">so</span>等）：如 <span word="She">She</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="smiling">smiling</span> <span word="but">but</span> <span word="nodding">nodding</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="me">me</span>. (<span word="NMET">NMET</span> 2000)3）从属连词（引导主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句、状语从句等）：如<span word="I">I</span> <span word="felt">felt</span> <span word="so">so</span> <span word="nervous">nervous</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="shook">shook</span> <span word="like">like</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="leaf">leaf</span>. (<span word="NMET">NMET</span> 2000)4）关系代词/关系副词（引导定语从句）：如…<span word="I">I</span> <span word="live">live</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="Beijing">Beijing</span>, <span word="where">where</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="capital">capital</span>. (<span word="NMET">NMET</span> 1997)5）感叹句、疑问句、祈使句的结构：如<span word="Working">Working</span> <span word="hard">hard</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="you">you</span>’<span word="ll">ll</span> <span word="succeed">succeed</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="last">last</span>. 7、词义的重叠：如<span word="Whenever">Whenever</span> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="see">see</span> <span word="them">them</span>, <span word="I">I</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="often">often</span> <span word="think">think</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="my">my</span> <span word="English">English</span> <span word="teacher">teacher</span>. (<span word="NMET">NMET</span> 2000)<span word="often">often</span></p>
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