《论语》英译本赏析
<p>《论语》是中华典籍的精华，也是中华文化典籍向世界传播的最早的典籍之一。迄今为止，中外学者翻译的《论语》已达数十个版本。其中较为著名的是理雅各（<span word="James">James</span> <span word="Legge">Legge</span>），辜鸿铭译本，汉学家亚瑟·威利（<span word="Arthur">Arthur</span> <span word="Waley">Waley</span>）译本。理雅各和威利两位译者谙熟中国传统文化，对中国的典籍有比较精深的研究。本文将赏析两位大家的《论语》英译本，体会两位名家各自的特点和匠心。</p><p>例1、子曰：“温故而知新，可以为师矣。”</p><p>理译：<span word="The">The</span> <span word="Master">Master</span> <span word="said">said</span>, ‘ <span word="If">If</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="man">man</span> <span word="keeps">keeps</span> <span word="cherishing">cherishing</span> <span word="his">his</span> <span word="old">old</span> <span word="knowledge">knowledge</span>, <span word="so">so</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="continually">continually</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="acquiring">acquiring</span> <span word="new">new</span>, <span word="he">he</span> <span word="may">may</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="teacher">teacher</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="others">others</span>.’</p><p>威译：<span word="The">The</span> <span word="Master">Master</span> <span word="said">said</span>, <span word="He">He</span> <span word="who">who</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="reanimating">reanimating</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Old">Old</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="gain">gain</span> <span word="knowledge">knowledge</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="New">New</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="fit">fit</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="teacher">teacher</span>.</p><p>解析：两个译文中的对“温故”的翻译值得借鉴。没有使用常见的<span word="review">review</span>等词，理译选用“<span word="cherish">cherish</span>”含有“珍爱、珍惜”的意思，而威译选用“<span word="reanimate">reanimate</span>”更富有“使得老的知识获得新的力量”的意思。</p><p>例2、子欲居九夷。或曰：“陋，如之何？”子曰：“君子居之，何陋之有？”</p><p>理译：<span word="The">The</span> <span word="Master">Master</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="wishing">wishing</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="go">go</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="live">live</span> <span word="among">among</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="nine">nine</span> <span word="wild">wild</span> <span word="tribes">tribes</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="east">east</span>. <span word="Some">Some</span> <span word="one">one</span> <span word="said">said</span>, ‘ <span word="They">They</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="rude">rude</span>. <span word="How">How</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="do">do</span> <span word="such">such</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="thing">thing</span>?’ <span word="The">The</span> <span word="Master">Master</span> <span word="said">said</span>, ‘ <span word="if">if</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="superior">superior</span> <span word="man">man</span> <span word="dwelt">dwelt</span> <span word="among">among</span> <span word="them">them</span>, <span word="what">what</span> <span word="rudeness">rudeness</span> <span word="would">would</span> <span word="there">there</span> <span word="be">be</span>?’</p>
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