考研英语疑难长句解析(一)
<p>1.<span word="Whorf">Whorf</span> <span word="came">came</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="believe">believe</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="sort">sort</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="linguisticdeterminism">linguisticdeterminism</span> <span word="which">which</span>, <span word="in">in</span> <span word="its">its</span> <span word="strongest">strongest</span> <span word="form">form</span>, <span word="states">states</span> <span word="thatlanguage">thatlanguage</span> <span word="imprisons">imprisons</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="mind">mind</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="thegrammatical">thegrammatical</span> <span word="patterns">patterns</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="language">language</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="producefar">producefar</span> <span word="reaching">reaching</span> <span word="consequences">consequences</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="culture">culture</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="asociety">asociety</span>.</p><p>「译文」沃尔夫进而相信某种类似语言决定论的观点，其极端说法是：语言禁锢思维，语言的语法结构能对一个社会的文化产生深远的影响。</p><p>「解析」句子的主干为<span word="Whorf">Whorf</span> <span word="came">came</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="believe">believe</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="sort">sort</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="linguistic">linguistic</span> <span word="determinism">determinism</span>.<span word="which">which</span>引导限制性定语从句，修饰<span word="linguistic">linguistic</span> <span word="determinism">determinism</span>.在由<span word="which">which</span>引导的定语从句中，谓语动词<span word="states">states</span>跟了两个宾语从句，一是<span word="that">that</span> <span word="language">language</span> <span word="imprisons">imprisons</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="mind">mind</span>，一是<span word="and">and</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="grammatical">grammatical</span> <span word="patterns">patterns</span>…<span word="society">society</span>.注意：句中<span word="imprison">imprison</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="mind">mind</span>不能译成“把大脑(或思想)关进牢房”，只能译成“禁锢思想(或思维)”。</p><p><span word="a">a</span> <span word="sort">sort</span> <span word="of">of</span>与<span word="a">a</span> <span word="kind">kind</span> <span word="of">of</span>的意思一样，如用在形容词前一般译为“有一点”或“有几分”，如用在名词前可译为“某种”。<span word="a">a</span> <span word="kind">kind</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="magic">magic</span>(某种魔术或魔力)。</p><p><span word="far">far</span> <span word="reaching">reaching</span>意为“深远的”，<span word="far">far</span> <span word="reaching">reaching</span> <span word="consequences">consequences</span>算是一个常用的搭配，但是注意<span word="consequence">consequence</span>往往表示“后果”，即不一定是好的结果。“深远的影响”或“深远的意义”，常用<span word="far">far</span> <span word="reaching">reaching</span> <span word="significance">significance</span>来表示。</p><p>2.<span word="The">The</span> <span word="American">American</span> <span word="spymaster">spymaster</span> <span word="who">who</span> <span word="built">built</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Office">Office</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="Strategic">Strategic</span> <span word="Services">Services</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="World">World</span> <span word="War">War</span> <span word="II">II</span> <span word="andlater">andlater</span> <span word="laid">laid</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="roots">roots</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="CIA">CIA</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="fascinated">fascinated</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="information">information</span>.</p>
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