who(whom)和that的用法详解，它们之间有何区别
<p>在定语从句中，关系代词<span word="who">who</span> (<span word="whom">whom</span>) 和<span word="that">that</span>都可指人和物，在一般情况下，可以互换使用，但在下列情况下值得注意：</p><p>一、用<span word="who">who</span> (<span word="whom">whom</span>) 而不用<span word="that">that</span>的情形</p><p>(1) 在非限制性定语从句中的先行词指人时，只能用<span word="who">who</span> (<span word="whom">whom</span>)。</p><p>如：</p><p><span word="My">My</span> <span word="sister">sister</span>, <span word="who">who</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="studying">studying</span> <span word="abroad">abroad</span>, <span word="sent">sent</span> <span word="me">me</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="beautiful">beautiful</span> <span word="present">present</span> <span word="just">just</span> <span word="before">before</span> <span word="this">this</span> <span word="Christmas">Christmas</span>. 我姐姐，她在国外学习，就在圣诞节前给我寄来了漂亮的礼物。</p><p>(2) 当定语从句对指人的先行词进行隔位修饰时，只能用<span word="who">who</span> (<span word="whom">whom</span>)。</p><p>如：</p><p><span word="Do">Do</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="know">know</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="girl">girl</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="front">front</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="blackboard">blackboard</span> <span word="who">who</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="speaking">speaking</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="students">students</span>? 你认识黑板前面正在给学生们讲话的那位女孩子吗?</p><p>(3) 当先行词为<span word="people">people</span>和<span word="those">those</span>时，只能用<span word="who">who</span> (<span word="whom">whom</span>)。</p><p>如：</p><p><span word="Those">Those</span> <span word="who">who</span> <span word="want">want</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="go">go</span> <span word="there">there</span> <span word="come">come</span> <span word="here">here</span> <span word="please">please</span>. 那些想去那儿的人请来这边。</p><p>(4) 当先行词为<span word="one">one</span>, <span word="ones">ones</span>, <span word="anyone">anyone</span>, <span word="everyone">everyone</span>, <span word="none">none</span>, <span word="all">all</span>(指人) 时，只能用<span word="who">who</span> (<span word="whom">whom</span>)。</p><p>如：</p><p><span word="Anyone">Anyone</span> <span word="who">who</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="against">against</span> <span word="us">us</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="our">our</span> <span word="enemy">enemy</span>. 任何反对我们的人就是我们的敌人。</p><p>(5) 先行词指人，而关系代词在从句中作主语时，一般多用<span word="who">who</span>。</p><p>如：</p><p><span word="The">The</span> <span word="man">man</span> <span word="who">who</span> <span word="came">came</span> <span word="here">here</span> <span word="yesterday">yesterday</span> <span word="said">said</span> <span word="he">he</span> <span word="would">would</span> <span word="come">come</span> <span word="again">again</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="few">few</span> <span word="days">days</span>. 昨天来这儿的那个人说过几天他会再来。</p>
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