2016年中考英语词组辨析：that/ who/ which
<p> Ⅰ. 引导定语从句的关系代词有：<span word="who">who</span>, <span word="whom">whom</span>, <span word="whose">whose</span>(一般指人)，<span word="which">which</span>(一般指物)，<span word="that">that</span> ( 指人或物)等。关系副词有：<span word="where">where</span>(地点)<span word="when">when</span>(时间)， <span word="why">why</span>(原因)等。</p><p> Ⅱ. <span word="that">that</span> 在从句中指物，也可指人，可作主语和宾语。如：</p><p> ① <span word="Water">Water</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="polluted">polluted</span> <span word="often">often</span> <span word="causes">causes</span> <span word="serous">serous</span> <span word="illness">illness</span>. 受污染的水常会引起重病。(<span word="that">that</span> 在句中指物，用作主语)</p><p> ② <span word="Do">Do</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="everything">everything</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="need">need</span>? (<span word="that">that</span>在从句中指物，用作宾语) 你所需要的东西都有了吗?</p><p> ③ <span word="He">He</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="man">man</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="talked">talked</span> <span word="about">about</span> <span word="just">just</span> <span word="now">now</span>. (<span word="that">that</span> 在从句中指人，用作宾语) 他时刚才他们谈论的那个人。</p><p> ④ <span word="Do">Do</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="know">know</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="man">man</span> <span word="that">that</span> / <span word="who">who</span> <span word="spoke">spoke</span> <span word="just">just</span> <span word="now">now</span>? 你认识刚才讲话的人吗?</p><p> Ⅲ. <span word="who">who</span> 和<span word="whom">whom</span> 在句中指人，分别作主语和宾语。如：</p><p> ① <span word="A">A</span> <span word="doctor">doctor</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="person">person</span> <span word="who">who</span> <span word="looks">looks</span> <span word="after">after</span> <span word="people">people</span>’<span word="s">s</span> <span word="health">health</span>. ( <span word="who">who</span> 在从句中用作主语) 医生是保护人们健康的人。</p><p> ② <span word="I">I</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="just">just</span> <span word="met">met</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="lady">lady</span> <span word="whom">whom</span> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="saw">saw</span> <span word="last">last</span> <span word="week">week</span>. (<span word="whom">whom</span>在从句中用作宾语) 我刚遇上一位我上星期见过的人。</p><p> Ⅳ.<span word="which">which</span> 在从句中指物，可作主语和宾语。如：</p><p> ① <span word="My">My</span> <span word="aunt">aunt</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="train">train</span> <span word="which">which</span> <span word="arrived">arrived</span> <span word="just">just</span> <span word="now">now</span>. (<span word="which">which</span> 在从句中作主语) 我阿姨不在刚才到达的那列火车上。</p>
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