实用英语写作的技巧 (第13单元)
<p>第十三单元 推展段落方法之五举例法</p><p>13.1举例法</p><p>举例法（<span word="examples">examples</span>）也是推展主题的主要方法。举例法有两种形式，一种是首先陈述自己的观点，然后举出一个或多个例子阐明观点；另一种是先举一个很长的例子，然后转入例子所要阐明的观点。</p><p>读下面段落：</p><p><span word="Courage">Courage</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="willingness">willingness</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="take">take</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="risk">risk</span> <span word="when">when</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="outcome">outcome</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="uncertain">uncertain</span>，<span word="and">and</span> <span word="when">when</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="risk">risk</span> <span word="taken">taken</span> <span word="may">may</span> <span word="involve">involve</span> <span word="harm">harm</span>，<span word="loss">loss</span>，<span word="or">or</span> <span word="danger">danger</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="one">one</span> <span word="taking">taking</span> <span word="it">it</span>.<span word="The">The</span> <span word="courageous">courageous</span> <span word="person">person</span> <span word="fears">fears</span> <span word="no">no</span> <span word="one">one</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="nothing">nothing</span>.<span word="He">He</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="she">she</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="undaunted">undaunted</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="danger">danger</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="peril">peril</span>.<span word="He">He</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="she">she</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="venture">venture</span> <span word="boldly">boldly</span> <span word="into">into</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="uncertain">uncertain</span> <span word="situation">situation</span>，<span word="hardly">hardly</span> <span word="giving">giving</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="thought">thought</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="harm">harm</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="consequences">consequences</span> <span word="which">which</span> <span word="may">may</span> <span word="result">result</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="his">his</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="her">her</span> <span word="person">person</span>.</p><p>以上段落的缺点是乏味、含糊，不能向读者表达作者关于<span word="courage">courage</span>的看法。请看下面重写后的段落。</p><p>示范段落13-1</p><p><span word="Courage">Courage</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="willingness">willingness</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="take">take</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="risk">risk</span> <span word="when">when</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="outcome">outcome</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="uncertain">uncertain</span>，<span word="and">and</span> <span word="when">when</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="risk">risk</span> <span word="taken">taken</span> <span word="may">may</span> <span word="involve">involve</span> <span word="harm">harm</span>，<span word="loss">loss</span>，<span word="or">or</span> <span word="danger">danger</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="one">one</span> <span word="taking">taking</span> <span word="it">it</span>.<span word="For">For</span> <span word="example">example</span>，<span word="in">in</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="Los">Los</span> <span word="Angeles">Angeles</span> <span word="suburb">suburb</span>，<span word="a">a</span> <span word="twelve">twelve</span>－<span word="year">year</span>－<span word="old">old</span> <span word="girl">girl</span> <span word="ran">ran</span> <span word="into">into</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="burning">burning</span> <span word="house">house</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="rescue">rescue</span> <span word="her">her</span> <span word="baby">baby</span> <span word="brother">brother</span>，<span word="pulled">pulled</span> <span word="him">him</span> <span word="unconscious">unconscious</span> <span word="out">out</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="burning">burning</span> <span word="bedroom">bedroom</span>，<span word="and">and</span> <span word="dragged">dragged</span> <span word="him">him</span> <span word="down">down</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="stairs">stairs</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="outside">outside</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="safety">safety</span>.<span word="This">This</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="arousing">arousing</span> <span word="display">display</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="courage">courage</span>.<span word="The">The</span> <span word="girl">girl</span> <span word="had">had</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="safe">safe</span> <span word="outside">outside</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="flaming">flaming</span> <span word="house">house</span> <span word="when">when</span> <span word="she">she</span> <span word="remembered">remembered</span> <span word="her">her</span> <span word="sleeping">sleeping</span> <span word="brother">brother</span>.<span word="Disregarding">Disregarding</span> <span word="her">her</span> <span word="personal">personal</span> <span word="safety">safety</span>，<span word="she">she</span> <span word="plunged">plunged</span> <span word="into">into</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="flaming">flaming</span> <span word="house">house</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="save">save</span> <span word="him">him</span>.</p>
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