怎样写好英语的段落（一）
<p>段落是文章的缩影。写好了段落，就能比较成功地写出较好的文章。经过中学英语基础阶段的学习之后，大学英语的写作重点就从选词造句转移到了联句成段和联段成篇上。进行段落层次上的写作训练，是写好英语文章的关键一环。下面介绍的是段落结构。</p><p>段落(<span word="paragraph">paragraph</span>)是由表达单一中心思想(<span word="controlling">controlling</span> <span word="idea">idea</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="central">central</span> <span word="idea">idea</span>)的一组句子(包括主题句<span word="topic">topic</span> <span word="sentence">sentence</span>，推展句<span word="supporting">supporting</span> <span word="sentences">sentences</span>及结论句<span word="concluding">concluding</span> <span word="sentence">sentence</span>)构成，是文章结构的基本独立单位。本讲我们将就主题句和中心思想这两个方面展开讨论。</p><p>主题句与推展句</p><p>1.主题句主题句(<span word="topic">topic</span> <span word="sentence">sentence</span>)是表达段落主题的句子。它用以概括段落大意，要求全段其他文字都围绕它展开。请看下例：</p><p><span word="My">My</span> <span word="mother">mother</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="passed">passed</span> <span word="along">along</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="me">me</span> <span word="certain">certain</span> <span word="rules">rules</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="getting">getting</span> <span word="along">along</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="others">others</span>. <span word="Dont">Dont</span> <span word="argue">argue</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="parents">parents</span>;<span word="they">they</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="think">think</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="dont">dont</span> <span word="love">love</span> <span word="them">them</span>. <span word="Dont">Dont</span> <span word="argue">argue</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="children">children</span>;<span word="they">they</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="think">think</span> <span word="themselves">themselves</span> <span word="victimized">victimized</span>. <span word="Dont">Dont</span> <span word="argue">argue</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="spouses">spouses</span>;<span word="they">they</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="think">think</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="tiresome">tiresome</span> <span word="mate">mate</span>. <span word="Dont">Dont</span> <span word="argue">argue</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="strangers">strangers</span>;<span word="they">they</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="think">think</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="friendly">friendly</span>. <span word="My">My</span> <span word="mothers">mothers</span> <span word="rules">rules</span>，<span word="in">in</span> <span word="fact">fact</span>，<span word="can">can</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="summed">summed</span> <span word="up">up</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="two">two</span> <span word="words">words</span>：<span word="Dont">Dont</span> <span word="argue">argue</span>.主题句中提出的<span word="certain">certain</span> <span word="rules">rules</span>指的是什么?展开句中通过四个<span word="Dont">Dont</span> <span word="argue">argue</span>逐一加以交代。从结构来看，这是一个比较典型的段落，它包括了主题句，推展句和结论句(即本段中的末句)。</p>
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