2015年职称英语理工类考试语法精讲(1)
<p> 必须注意的问题</p><p> 关系词作主语时,从句中谓语的数.</p><p> 注意区别定语从句与强调句.</p><p> ①定语从句中关系词作从句成分,复合句.</p><p> ②强调<span word="it">it</span>无意义,<span word="that">that</span> / <span word="who">who</span>不是引导词.</p><p> ③强调<span word="it">it</span> <span word="is">is</span> / <span word="was">was</span>和<span word="that">that</span> / <span word="who">who</span>后如果句子意思讲得通则是强调句,讲不通则不是.</p><p> <span word="It">It</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="museum">museum</span> <span word="that">that</span> / <span word="which">which</span> <span word="we">we</span> <span word="visited">visited</span> <span word="last">last</span> <span word="year">year</span>.</p><p> <span word="It">It</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="hotel">hotel</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="we">we</span> <span word="stayed">stayed</span> <span word="last">last</span> <span word="night">night</span>.</p><p> 定语从句与同位语从句的区别.</p><p> ①定语从句引导词被称为关系词,<span word="that">that</span>充当主语、宾语、表语.有时可省略.</p><p> ②同位语从句引导词被叫做连词,<span word="that">that</span>不能充当任何成分,不可省.</p><p> <span word="Word">Word</span> <span word="came">came</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="army">army</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="defeated">defeated</span>.</p><p> <span word="We">We</span> <span word="expressed">expressed</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="them">them</span> <span word="our">our</span> <span word="wish">wish</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="same">same</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="their">their</span>.</p><p> 关系词在从句中省略的情况.</p><p> ①关系词作宾语,前无介词时.</p><p> ②关系词作表语.</p><p> 限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的翻译.</p><p> 关系词前有介词或复杂介词,关系词只能是<span word="which">which</span>和<span word="whom">whom</span>.</p><p> 几个特殊的定语从句句型:</p><p> ①<span word="He">He</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="only">only</span> <span word="one">one</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="students">students</span> <span word="who">who</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="got">got</span> <span word="very">very</span> <span word="good">good</span> <span word="marks">marks</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="match">match</span>.</p><p> <span word="He">He</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="one">one</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="students">students</span> <span word="who">who</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="got">got</span> <span word="good">good</span> <span word="marks">marks</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="match">match</span>.</p>
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