教你如何征服英语四六级考试翻译失分点
<p> 第一步，判断句与句之间的关系。汉译英句子之间一般存在以下五种关系： 第一种关系是并列，显著词是和，对应英文是<span word="and">and</span>， <span word="or">or</span>， <span word="as">as</span> <span word="well">well</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="etc">etc</span>。 第二种关系是转折，显著词是然而，对应英文是<span word="but">but</span>， <span word="yet">yet</span>， <span word="however">however</span>， <span word="while">while</span> <span word="etc">etc</span>。 第三种关系是让步，显著词是尽管，对应英文是<span word="although">although</span>， <span word="though">though</span>， <span word="even">even</span> <span word="though">though</span>， <span word="even">even</span> <span word="if">if</span> <span word="etc">etc</span>。 第四种关系是因果，显著词是因为如此---以至于---， 对应英文<span word="because">because</span>， <span word="so">so</span>---<span word="that">that</span>--- <span word="etc">etc</span>。 第五种关系是目的，显著词是为了，对应英文是<span word="in">in</span> <span word="order">order</span> <span word="that">that</span>--- 第二步，以动词为切入点，名词辅之。也就是说，判断完句与句之间关系，下一步要先翻译句子中的动词，然后翻译名词。 那么一个句子主谓宾也就相对完整了。注意动词要注意时态，名词要注意单复数。 第三步，补全成分定、状、补。 例如： 1.这位艺术家聚精会神于工作，以至于没有听到来访者进了房间。 由连接词以至于 判断前后句子之间属于因果关系，对应的英语为<span word="so">so</span> ---<span word="that">that</span>--- 动词为切入点：聚精会神、听到某人做某事、进入，依次为<span word="be">be</span> <span word="absorbed">absorbed</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="sth">sth</span>、<span word="hear">hear</span> <span word="sb">sb</span> <span word="do">do</span> <span word="sth">sth</span>、<span word="enter">enter</span>名词辅之艺术家<span word="artist">artist</span>;工作来访者<span word="visitor">visitor</span>;房间<span word="room">room</span>。 补全成分：定于自己的<span word="his">his</span>。 于是连接成句如下所示： <span word="The">The</span> <span word="artist">artist</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="so">so</span> <span word="absorbed">absorbed</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="his">his</span> <span word="work">work</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="he">he</span> <span word="didnt">didnt</span> <span word="hear">hear</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="visitor">visitor</span> <span word="enter">enter</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="room">room</span>。 2.他们对工作没有安全感，因为政府并不保护他们使之免遭失业。 由连接词因为 判断前后句子之间属于因果关系，对应的英语为<span word="because">because</span>。 动词为切入点：对没有安全感、保护免遭、依次为<span word="do">do</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="have">have</span>/<span word="has">has</span> <span word="security">security</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="sth">sth</span>、<span word="protect">protect</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="sth">sth</span>/<span word="doing">doing</span> <span word="sth">sth</span>名词辅之他们工作<span word="work">work</span>/<span word="job">job</span>;失业<span word="unemployment">unemployment</span>;政府<span word="government">government</span>。 补全成分：无 于是连接成句如下所示： <span word="They">They</span> <span word="do">do</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="security">security</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="job">job</span>， <span word="because">because</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="government">government</span> <span word="doesnt">doesnt</span> <span word="protect">protect</span> <span word="them">them</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="unemployment">unemployment</span>。 3.他们确实是[实验中]失败了四次，但他们[仍在]努力工作[并最终会]获得成功。 由连接词但判断前后句子之间属于转折关系，对应的英语为<span word="but">but</span>/<span word="however">however</span>/<span word="yet">yet</span>。 动词为切入点：确实是、失败了、努力工作、获得依次为<span word="it">it</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="true">true</span> <span word="that">that</span>、<span word="fail">fail</span>、<span word="work">work</span> <span word="hard">hard</span>、<span word="achieve">achieve</span>名词辅之他们四次<span word="four">four</span> <span word="times">times</span>;成功<span word="success">success</span>。 补全成分：状语实验中<span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="experiment">experiment</span>、仍在<span word="be">be</span> <span word="doing">doing</span>/<span word="still">still</span>、并最终会<span word="finally">finally</span>/<span word="eventually">eventually</span>/<span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="end">end</span>。 于是连接成句如下所示： <span word="It">It</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="true">true</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="failed">failed</span> <span word="four">four</span> <span word="times">times</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="experiment">experiment</span>， <span word="but">but</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="working">working</span> <span word="hard">hard</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="may">may</span> <span word="eventually">eventually</span> <span word="achieve">achieve</span> <span word="success">success</span>./<span word="may">may</span> <span word="succeed">succeed</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="end">end</span>。 </p>
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