英语专四语法知识点复习—被动语态误用辨析
<p> 1.中文：他们结婚两年了。</p><p> <span word="They">They</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="married">married</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="two">two</span> <span word="years">years</span>.</p><p> <span word="They">They</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="married">married</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="two">two</span> <span word="years">years</span>.(表示已婚状态的持续，要用完成时的被动式。)</p><p> 2.中文：他被所有学生嘲笑。</p><p> <span word="He">He</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="laughed">laughed</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="all">all</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="pupils">pupils</span>.</p><p> <span word="He">He</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="laughed">laughed</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="all">all</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="pupils">pupils</span>.(不及物动词+介词=及物动词，变被动语态时介词不能省略。)</p><p> 3.中文：英语难学。</p><p> <span word="English">English</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="difficult">difficult</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="learned">learned</span>.</p><p> <span word="English">English</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="difficult">difficult</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="learn">learn</span>.(英语难学=学英语难，也可说<span word="Its">Its</span> <span word="difficult">difficult</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="learn">learn</span> <span word="English">English</span>。原句的主语实际上是不定式的逻辑宾语，不定式要用主动形式。)</p><p> 4.中文：汤姆问我这些岛屿是否属于美国。</p><p> <span word="Tom">Tom</span> <span word="asked">asked</span> <span word="me">me</span> <span word="if">if</span> <span word="these">these</span> <span word="islands">islands</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="belonged">belonged</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="America">America</span>.</p><p> <span word="Tom">Tom</span> <span word="asked">asked</span> <span word="me">me</span> <span word="if">if</span> <span word="these">these</span> <span word="islands">islands</span> <span word="belonged">belonged</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="America">America</span>.</p><p> 5.中文：中国发生了很大变化。</p><p> <span word="Great">Great</span> <span word="changes">changes</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="taken">taken</span> <span word="place">place</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="China">China</span>.</p><p> <span word="Great">Great</span> <span word="changes">changes</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="taken">taken</span> <span word="place">place</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="China">China</span>.</p><p> 6.中文：战争于一九三七年爆发。</p><p> <span word="The">The</span> <span word="war">war</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="broken">broken</span> <span word="out">out</span> <span word="in">in</span> 1937.</p><p> <span word="The">The</span> <span word="war">war</span> <span word="broke">broke</span> <span word="out">out</span> <span word="in">in</span> 1937.(<span word="take">take</span> <span word="place">place</span>，<span word="break">break</span> <span word="out">out</span>，<span word="happen">happen</span>，<span word="belong">belong</span> <span word="to">to</span>等不及物动词或短语动词没有被动语态形式。)</p><p> 7.中文：我看不清黑板。也许你需要检查你的眼睛。</p>
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