2015英语六级翻译指导及练习(11)
<p> 应试技巧</p><p> 汉语无主句译成英语被动句</p><p> 汉语无主句较多，而英语句子一般都要有主语，所以在翻译汉语无主句的时候，除了可用英语无主句、<span word="There">There</span> <span word="be">be</span>...结构或者根据情景补出语境来翻译之外，运用被动语态来翻译也是常用技巧。</p><p> 例1 ____________<span word="to">to</span> <span word="collect">collect</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="data">data</span> <span word="much">much</span> <span word="better">better</span>.</p><p> 译文：<span word="Computer">Computer</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="used">used</span></p><p> 例2 没有能量，没法做功。</p><p> 译文：<span word="No">No</span> <span word="work">work</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="done">done</span> <span word="without">without</span> <span word="energy">energy</span>.</p><p> 例3 通常六点半开灯。</p><p> 译文：<span word="The">The</span> <span word="lights">lights</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="usually">usually</span> <span word="turned">turned</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="at">at</span> 6：30.</p><p> 这三句都没有讲明动作的主语是谁，因此考试的时候翻译成英语时最好的办法是运用被动语态。</p><p> 被动语态是一个独立的语态，而不是由主动语态转变而来的从属性语态。主动句与被动句的转换是受到词汇和结构等因素的限制的。汉译英时不能拘泥于原结构，要摆脱原句状态的局限，采用灵活多样的翻译技巧。但是，考生一定要在语态选择中注意以下这两点：</p><p> 第一，有一些动词和词组不能用于被动语态。它们是：<span word="come">come</span> <span word="true">true</span>，<span word="consist">consist</span> <span word="of">of</span>，<span word="take">take</span> <span word="place">place</span>，<span word="happen">happen</span>，<span word="become">become</span>，<span word="rise">rise</span>，<span word="occur">occur</span>，<span word="belong">belong</span>，<span word="break">break</span> <span word="out">out</span>，<span word="appear">appear</span>，<span word="arrive">arrive</span>，<span word="die">die</span>，<span word="fall">fall</span>，<span word="last">last</span>，<span word="exist">exist</span>，<span word="fail">fail</span>，<span word="succeed">succeed</span>等。</p>
页:
[1]