考研英语之翻译，四类名词从句译法
<p> 英语名词从句包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句等。翻译时大多数可译成相对应的汉语，但也还有一些其它处理方法。下面分别加以介绍：</p><p> 一、主语从句</p><p> 1. 以<span word="what">what</span>, <span word="whatever">whatever</span>, <span word="whoever">whoever</span>等代词引导的主语从句一般可按原文顺序翻译，例如：</p><p> <span word="What">What</span> <span word="he">he</span> <span word="told">told</span> <span word="me">me</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="only">only</span> <span word="half">half</span>-<span word="truth">truth</span>。</p><p> 他告诉我的只是些半真半假的东西而己</p><p> 2. 以<span word="it">it</span>作形式主语的主语从句</p><p> 1) 逻辑主语从句如提前译出，有两种情况：若强调，<span word="it">it</span>一般可译出来;如不强调，<span word="it">it</span>可不译出来。</p><p> <span word="It">It</span> <span word="doesnt">doesnt</span> <span word="make">make</span> <span word="much">much</span> <span word="difference">difference</span> <span word="whether">whether</span> <span word="he">he</span> <span word="attends">attends</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="meeting">meeting</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="not">not</span>。</p><p> 他参不参加会议没有多大关系。</p><p> <span word="It">It</span> <span word="seemed">seemed</span> <span word="inconceivable">inconceivable</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="pilot">pilot</span> <span word="could">could</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="survived">survived</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="crash">crash</span>。</p><p> 在飞机坠毁之后，驾驶员竟然还能活着，这看来是不可想象的。</p><p> 2) 逻辑主语从句不提前，<span word="it">it</span>一般不需译出。</p><p> <span word="It">It</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="suggested">suggested</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="meeting">meeting</span> <span word="should">should</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="canceled">canceled</span>。</p><p> 有人建议取消会议。</p><p> 二、宾语从句</p><p> 1. 用<span word="that">that</span>, <span word="what">what</span>, <span word="how">how</span>等引起的宾语从句汉译时一般不须改变顺序。</p><p> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="told">told</span> <span word="him">him</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="because">because</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="last">last</span> <span word="condition">condition</span>, <span word="Id">Id</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="turn">turn</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="down">down</span>。</p>
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