英译汉
<p> 英语中非谓语动词包括分词、不定式和动名词。动名词与名词具有类似的功能,在翻译时可以参考名词性从句或抽象名词的译法, 下面, 我们主要通过一些实例说明动词不定式和分词的翻译方法。</p><p> 例1.<span word="Americans">Americans</span> <span word="do">do</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="like">like</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="called">called</span> <span word="materialistic">materialistic</span> <span word="because">because</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="feel">feel</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="this">this</span> <span word="unfairly">unfairly</span> <span word="accuses">accuses</span> <span word="them">them</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="loving">loving</span> <span word="only">only</span> <span word="material">material</span> <span word="things">things</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="having">having</span> <span word="no">no</span> <span word="religious">religious</span> <span word="values">values</span>.</p><p> 美国人不喜欢被称为物质主义者, 因为他们认为指控他们只重物质利益, 没有宗教价值观是不公正的。很有趣、值得注意的相似和不同之处。(不定式作表语)</p><p> 例3.<span word="The">The</span> <span word="aim">aim</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="science">science</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="describe">describe</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="world">world</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="orderly">orderly</span> <span word="language">language</span>, <span word="in">in</span> <span word="such">such</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="way">way</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="we">we</span> <span word="can">can</span>, <span word="if">if</span> <span word="possible">possible</span>, <span word="foresee">foresee</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="results">results</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="those">those</span> <span word="alternative">alternative</span> <span word="courses">courses</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="action">action</span> <span word="between">between</span> <span word="which">which</span> <span word="we">we</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="always">always</span> <span word="choosing">choosing</span>.</p><p> 科学的目的在于用规律的语言来描述世界。这样, 如果可能的话, 我们就能预见到可供选择的两个行动方案的结果。我们经常遇到这种选择。(不定式作表语)</p><p> 例4.<span word="It">It</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="business">business</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="scientist">scientist</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="accumulate">accumulate</span> <span word="knowledge">knowledge</span> <span word="about">about</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="universe">universe</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="all">all</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="it">it</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="find">find</span>, <span word="if">if</span> <span word="he">he</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="able">able</span>, <span word="common">common</span> <span word="factors">factors</span> <span word="which">which</span> <span word="underlie">underlie</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="account">account</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="facts">facts</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="he">he</span> <span word="knows">knows</span>.</p><p> 科学家要做的事就是积累有关宇宙和宇宙中的一切事物的知识, 而且要是可能的话, 找出那些既能构成科学家所知事实的基础, 又能解释这些事实的共同因素。(不定式作主语)</p>
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