2015考研英语阅读日本和全球供应链
<p> <span word="The">The</span> <span word="disruption">disruption</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="manufacturers">manufacturers</span> <span word="worldwide">worldwide</span> <span word="fromJapans">fromJapans</span> <span word="disasters">disasters</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="force">force</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="rethink">rethink</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="how">how</span> <span word="theymanage">theymanage</span> <span word="production">production</span></p><p> 日本地震灾难所造成的世界范围内制造商的崩溃迫使人们重新思考管理生产的方法</p><p> <span word="LAST">LAST</span> <span word="year">year</span> <span word="Icelands">Icelands</span> <span word="volcanic">volcanic</span> <span word="ash">ash</span> <span word="disrupted">disrupted</span> <span word="airtransport">airtransport</span> <span word="across">across</span> <span word="Europe">Europe</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="gave">gave</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="worldsmanufacturing">worldsmanufacturing</span> <span word="supply">supply</span> <span word="chain">chain</span> <span word="one">one</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="its">its</span> <span word="biggest">biggest</span> <span word="testssince">testssince</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="advent">advent</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="low">low</span>-<span word="inventory">inventory</span>, <span word="just">just</span>-<span word="in">in</span>-<span word="timeera">timeera</span>. <span word="Now">Now</span>, <span word="Japans">Japans</span> <span word="quadruple">quadruple</span> <span word="disasterearthquake">disasterearthquake</span>,<span word="tsunami">tsunami</span>, <span word="nuclear">nuclear</span> <span word="alert">alert</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="power">power</span> <span word="shortageshasput">shortageshasput</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="supply">supply</span> <span word="chain">chain</span> <span word="under">under</span> <span word="far">far</span> <span word="greater">greater</span> <span word="stress">stress</span>. <span word="Three">Three</span> <span word="weeks">weeks</span> <span word="after">after</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="massive">massive</span> <span word="quake">quake</span>, <span word="theextent">theextent</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="likely">likely</span> <span word="duration">duration</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="disruption">disruption</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="still">still</span> <span word="unclear">unclear</span>.</p><p> 去年冰岛的火山灰扰乱了整个欧洲的航空运输，为世界制造供应链自低库存和及时成产时代以来提供一个最大的考验。 现在，日本的四个灾害地震，海啸，核警报和电力短缺已使供应链处在更大的压力下。 在大地震发生三星期后，破坏的范围和可能的持续时间海不清楚。</p><p> <span word="There">There</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="some">some</span> <span word="enlightening">enlightening</span> <span word="similarities">similarities</span> <span word="between">between</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="shocks">shocks</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="manufacturers">manufacturers</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="nowsuffering">nowsuffering</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="those">those</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="buffeted">buffeted</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="banking">banking</span> <span word="system">system</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> 2008 <span word="financial">financial</span> <span word="crisis">crisis</span>. <span word="In">In</span> <span word="both">both</span> <span word="casestwo">casestwo</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="biggest">biggest</span> <span word="surprises">surprises</span> <span word="were">were</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="unexpected">unexpected</span> <span word="connections">connections</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="crisis">crisis</span> <span word="uncovered">uncovered</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="theextent">theextent</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="contagion">contagion</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="problems">problems</span> <span word="began">began</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="seemingly">seemingly</span> <span word="well">well</span>-<span word="contained">contained</span> <span word="part">part</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="thesystemsubprime">thesystemsubprime</span> <span word="mortgages">mortgages</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="case">case</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="finance">finance</span>, <span word="in">in</span> <span word="manufacturings">manufacturings</span> <span word="case">case</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="natural">natural</span> <span word="disasterin">disasterin</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="economic">economic</span> <span word="backwaterbut">backwaterbut</span> <span word="quickly">quickly</span> <span word="spread">spread</span>.</p>
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