2015考研英语阅读隔离世纪的终结
<p> <span word="ALL">ALL</span>-<span word="WHITE">WHITE</span> <span word="neighbourhoods">neighbourhoods</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="effectivelyextinct">effectivelyextinct</span>, <span word="according">according</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="The">The</span> <span word="End">End</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="SegregatedCentury">SegregatedCentury</span> , <span word="a">a</span> <span word="recent">recent</span> <span word="report">report</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="ManhattanInstitute">ManhattanInstitute</span>, <span word="a">a</span> <span word="New">New</span> <span word="York">York</span> <span word="think">think</span>-<span word="tank">tank</span>. <span word="Only">Only</span> 0.5% <span word="ofAmericas">ofAmericas</span> 70,000 <span word="neighbourhoods">neighbourhoods</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="now">now</span> <span word="all">all</span>-<span word="white">white</span>. <span word="In">In</span> <span word="fact">fact</span>, <span word="American">American</span> <span word="cities">cities</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="today">today</span> <span word="moreintegrated">moreintegrated</span> <span word="than">than</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="since">since</span> 1910. <span word="Andsince">Andsince</span> 1960 <span word="the">the</span> <span word="proportion">proportion</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="black">black</span> <span word="Americansliving">Americansliving</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="ghetto">ghetto</span> <span word="neighbourhoods">neighbourhoods</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="dropped">dropped</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="nearly">nearly</span> <span word="half">half</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="about">about</span> 20%.</p><p> 纽约智库曼哈顿研究所在其名为《隔离世纪的终结》的最新报告中写道：美国几乎已经没有纯白人社区了。现在，美国70000个社区中，只有0.5%的社区仅有白人居民。与1910年相比，现在的美国城市要更加融合。自1960年至今，美国居住在黑人社区的黑人比例从将近50%下降到20%。</p><p> <span word="Until">Until</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Great">Great</span> <span word="Migration">Migration</span> <span word="north">north</span>, <span word="beginning">beginning</span> <span word="around">around</span> 1910, <span word="most">most</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="black">black</span> <span word="population">population</span> <span word="lived">lived</span> <span word="inthe">inthe</span> <span word="rural">rural</span> <span word="South">South</span>. <span word="Then">Then</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="were">were</span> <span word="pushed">pushed</span> <span word="into">into</span> <span word="ghettos">ghettos</span> <span word="because">because</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="restrictive">restrictive</span> <span word="deed">deed</span> <span word="covenantsand">covenantsand</span> <span word="blatant">blatant</span> <span word="discrimination">discrimination</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="landlords">landlords</span>. <span word="Although">Although</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Supreme">Supreme</span> <span word="Court">Court</span> <span word="ruled">ruled</span> <span word="against">against</span> <span word="race">race</span>-<span word="based">based</span> <span word="zoning">zoning</span> <span word="in">in</span> 1917 <span word="and">and</span> <span word="New">New</span> <span word="York">York</span> <span word="City">City</span> <span word="outlawed">outlawed</span> <span word="housing">housing</span> <span word="discrimination">discrimination</span> <span word="in">in</span> 1958, <span word="realchange">realchange</span> <span word="did">did</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="begin">begin</span> <span word="until">until</span> <span word="the">the</span> 1960<span word="s">s</span> <span word="during">during</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="civil">civil</span> <span word="rights">rights</span> <span word="era">era</span> <span word="when">when</span> <span word="segregation">segregation</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="still">still</span> <span word="nearits">nearits</span> <span word="peak">peak</span>.</p><p> 1910年的向北大迁移之前，大多数黑人都居住在南方的农村。但是随着限制住宅契约的出现，以及业主们对黑人的大肆歧视，黑人们只好搬进黑人社区。尽管在1917年最高法院判定种族分区违法，1958年纽约市也将住宅歧视视为违法，但是实际情况并没有得到改善;直到二十世纪六十年代民权运动时期，种族隔离几乎达到顶峰之后，情况才真正有所好转。</p>
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