2015考研英语阅读表观遗传学与健康
<p> <span word="Epigenetics">Epigenetics</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="health">health</span></p><p> 表观遗传学与健康</p><p> <span word="Grandma">Grandma</span> <span word="s">s</span> <span word="curse">curse</span></p><p> 祖母的诅咒</p><p> <span word="Some">Some</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="effects">effects</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="smoking">smoking</span> <span word="may">may</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="passed">passed</span> <span word="fromgrandmother">fromgrandmother</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="grandchild">grandchild</span></p><p> 祖母吸烟产生的影响可以会遗传至孙子或孙女</p><p> <span word="Think">Think</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="your">your</span> <span word="grandchildren">grandchildren</span>!</p><p> 想想你的孙辈吧!</p><p> <span word="ONE">ONE</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="biology">biology</span> <span word="s">s</span> <span word="hottest">hottest</span> <span word="topics">topics</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="epigenetics">epigenetics</span>.</p><p> 当今生物学最热的话题之一是表观遗传学，</p><p> <span word="The">The</span> <span word="term">term</span> <span word="itself">itself</span> <span word="covers">covers</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="multitude">multitude</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="sins">sins</span>.</p><p> 这个术语本身就涵盖了许多宗罪。</p><p> <span word="Strictly">Strictly</span> <span word="speaking">speaking</span>, <span word="it">it</span> <span word="refers">refers</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="regulation">regulation</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="gene">gene</span> <span word="expression">expression</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="chemicalmodification">chemicalmodification</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="DNA">DNA</span>, <span word="or">or</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="histone">histone</span> <span word="proteins">proteins</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="which">which</span> <span word="DNA">DNA</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="usually">usually</span> <span word="wrapped">wrapped</span>.</p><p> 严格来说，表观遗传学研究的是<span word="DNA">DNA</span>或含有<span word="DNA">DNA</span>的组蛋白化学改性中的基因表达调控现象。</p><p> <span word="This">This</span> <span word="modification">modification</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="either">either</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="addition">addition</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="methyl">methyl</span> <span word="groups">groups</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="DNA">DNA</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="acetyl">acetyl</span> <span word="groups">groups</span> <span word="tothe">tothe</span> <span word="histones">histones</span>.</p><p> 这种改性或者是甲基增至<span word="DNA">DNA</span>中，或者是乙酰基增加到组蛋白中。</p><p> <span word="Methylation">Methylation</span> <span word="switches">switches</span> <span word="genes">genes</span> <span word="off">off</span>.</p><p> 甲基化作用关闭基因，</p><p> <span word="Acetylation">Acetylation</span> <span word="switches">switches</span> <span word="them">them</span> <span word="on">on</span>.</p><p> 乙酰化作用启动基因。</p>
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