从零开始学语法：非延续性动词的用法特征
<p> 1. 非延续性动词可用来表示某一动作完成，因此可用于现在完成时。如：</p><p> <span word="The">The</span> <span word="train">train</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="arrived">arrived</span>. 火车到了。</p><p> <span word="Have">Have</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="joined">joined</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="computer">computer</span> <span word="group">group</span>? 你加入电脑小组了吗?</p><p> 2. 非延续性动词表示的动作极其短暂，不能持续。因此，不可与表示一段时间的状语连用(只限肯定句)。如：</p><p> (1) 他死了三年了。</p><p> 误：<span word="He">He</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="died">died</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="three">three</span> <span word="years">years</span>.</p><p> 正：<span word="He">He</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="dead">dead</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="three">three</span> <span word="years">years</span>.</p><p> 正：<span word="He">He</span> <span word="died">died</span> <span word="three">three</span> <span word="years">years</span> <span word="ago">ago</span>.</p><p> 正：<span word="It">It</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="three">three</span> <span word="years">years</span> <span word="since">since</span> <span word="he">he</span> <span word="died">died</span>.</p><p> 正：<span word="Three">Three</span> <span word="years">years</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="passed">passed</span> <span word="since">since</span> <span word="he">he</span> <span word="died">died</span>.</p><p> (2) 他来这儿五天了。</p><p> 误：<span word="He">He</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="come">come</span> <span word="here">here</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="five">five</span> <span word="days">days</span>.</p><p> 正：<span word="He">He</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="here">here</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="five">five</span> <span word="days">days</span>.</p><p> 正：<span word="He">He</span> <span word="came">came</span> <span word="here">here</span> <span word="five">five</span> <span word="days">days</span> <span word="ago">ago</span>.</p><p> 正：<span word="It">It</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="five">five</span> <span word="days">days</span> <span word="since">since</span> <span word="he">he</span> <span word="came">came</span> <span word="here">here</span>.</p><p> 正：<span word="Five">Five</span> <span word="days">days</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="passed">passed</span> <span word="since">since</span> <span word="he">he</span> <span word="came">came</span> <span word="here">here</span>.</p><p> (1)、(2)句中的<span word="die">die</span>、<span word="come">come</span>为非延续性动词，不能与表示时间段的状语连用。那么，应如何正确表达呢?可以采用下面的四种方法：</p><p> <span word="a">a</span>. 将句中非延续性动词转换为相应的延续性动词，如上面两例中的第一种正确表达方式。下面列举几例：<span word="leavebe">leavebe</span> <span word="away">away</span>, <span word="borrowkeep">borrowkeep</span>, <span word="buyhave">buyhave</span>, <span word="begin">begin</span>/<span word="startbe">startbe</span> <span word="on">on</span>, <span word="diebe">diebe</span> <span word="dead">dead</span>, <span word="move">move</span> <span word="tolive">tolive</span> <span word="in">in</span>, <span word="finishbe">finishbe</span> <span word="over">over</span>, <span word="joinbe">joinbe</span> <span word="in">in</span>/<span word="be">be</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="member">member</span> <span word="of">of</span>, <span word="open">open</span> <span word="sth">sth</span>.<span word="keep">keep</span> <span word="sth">sth</span>. <span word="open">open</span>, <span word="fall">fall</span> <span word="illbe">illbe</span> <span word="ill">ill</span>, <span word="get">get</span> <span word="upbe">upbe</span> <span word="up">up</span>, <span word="catch">catch</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="coldhave">coldhave</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="cold">cold</span>。</p>
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