GRE写作argument全部官方范文分析(2)
<p> <span word="awintro">awintro</span>的归纳和整理</p><p> 1、在拿到题目后应该找出这些：<span word="what">what</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="offered">offered</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="evidence">evidence</span>, <span word="support">support</span>, <span word="or">or</span> <span word="proof">proof</span>;</p><p> <span word="what">what</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="explicitly">explicitly</span> <span word="stated">stated</span>, <span word="claimed">claimed</span>, <span word="or">or</span> <span word="concluded">concluded</span>;<span word="what">what</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="assumed">assumed</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="supposed">supposed</span>, <span word="perhaps">perhaps</span> <span word="without">without</span> <span word="justification">justification</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="proof">proof</span>;<span word="what">what</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="stated">stated</span>, <span word="but">but</span> <span word="necessarily">necessarily</span> <span word="follows">follows</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="what">what</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="stated">stated</span>。总结一下：即论据，结论，推理过程中的未加证明的假设，论据中的潜在后果。这四点都是需要我们尽量展示在第一段里面的。</p><p> 2、同时，还要考虑原题目中的逻辑链：<span word="In">In</span> <span word="addition">addition</span>, <span word="you">you</span> <span word="should">should</span> <span word="consider">consider</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="structure">structure</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="argument">argument</span>。在这过程中更重要的是：<span word="sometimes">sometimes</span> <span word="implicit">implicit</span> <span word="steps">steps</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="thinking">thinking</span> <span word="process">process</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="consider">consider</span> <span word="whether">whether</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="movement">movement</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="each">each</span> <span word="one">one</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="next">next</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="logically">logically</span> <span word="sound">sound</span>。这是我们攻击的要点，尤其是隐含的逻辑步骤。</p><p> 3、在分析时：<span word="You">You</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="expected">expected</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="know">know</span> <span word="methods">methods</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="analysis">analysis</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="technical">technical</span> <span word="terms">terms</span>.随后在范文中可以看出，几乎是没有那种像那样精确错误名词的，而只是就着错误本身的逻辑进行分析。不需要给人感觉咱们特意学过逻辑，如果拽那些名词就给人感觉咱们特意学过逻辑，嘿嘿那既然是专业的要求也就更加苛刻了。</p><p> 4、<span word="awintro">awintro</span>中举一个例子：<span word="For">For</span> <span word="instance">instance</span>, <span word="in">in</span> <span word="one">one</span> <span word="topic">topic</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="elementary">elementary</span> <span word="school">school</span> <span word="principal">principal</span> <span word="might">might</span> <span word="conclude">conclude</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="new">new</span> <span word="playground">playground</span> <span word="equipment">equipment</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="improved">improved</span> <span word="student">student</span> <span word="attendance">attendance</span> <span word="because">because</span> <span word="absentee">absentee</span> <span word="rates">rates</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="declined">declined</span> <span word="since">since</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="installed">installed</span>.论证的思路为：意识到存在它因<span word="you">you</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="simply">simply</span> <span word="need">need</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="see">see</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="there">there</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="other">other</span> <span word="possible">possible</span> <span word="explanations">explanations</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="improved">improved</span> <span word="attendance">attendance</span>,提供具体的它因 <span word="to">to</span> <span word="offer">offer</span> <span word="some">some</span> <span word="common">common</span>-<span word="sense">sense</span> <span word="examples">examples</span>, 从结论考虑，怎样才能使论证完整有力，即如何改进<span word="and">and</span> <span word="perhaps">perhaps</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="suggest">suggest</span> <span word="what">what</span> <span word="would">would</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="necessary">necessary</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="verify">verify</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="conclusion">conclusion</span>. <span word="For">For</span> <span word="instance">instance</span>, <span word="absentee">absentee</span> <span word="rates">rates</span> <span word="might">might</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="decreased">decreased</span> <span word="because">because</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="climate">climate</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="mild">mild</span>. <span word="This">This</span> <span word="would">would</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="ruled">ruled</span> <span word="out">out</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="order">order</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="principals">principals</span> <span word="conclusion">conclusion</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="valid">valid</span>.</p>
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