gre考试阅读真题解析(B)
<p> <span word="From">From</span> <span word="the">the</span> 1900<span word="s">s</span> <span word="through">through</span> <span word="the">the</span> 1950<span word="s">s</span> <span word="waitresses">waitresses</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="United">United</span> <span word="States">States</span> <span word="developed">developed</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="form">form</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="unionism">unionism</span> <span word="based">based</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="unions">unions</span> <span word="defining">defining</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="skills">skills</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="occupation">occupation</span> <span word="included">included</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="enforcing">enforcing</span> <span word="standards">standards</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="performance">performance</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="those">those</span> <span word="skills">skills</span>. <span word="This">This</span> <span word="occupational">occupational</span> <span word="unionism">unionism</span> <span word="differed">differed</span> <span word="substantially">substantially</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="worksite">worksite</span> <span word="unionism">unionism</span> <span word="prevalent">prevalent</span> <span word="among">among</span> <span word="factory">factory</span> <span word="workers">workers</span>. <span word="Rather">Rather</span> <span word="than">than</span> <span word="unionizing">unionizing</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="workforces">workforces</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="particular">particular</span> <span word="employers">employers</span>, <span word="waitress">waitress</span> <span word="locals">locals</span> 工会地方分会) <span word="sought">sought</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="control">control</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="occupation">occupation</span> <span word="throughout">throughout</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="city">city</span>. <span word="Occupational">Occupational</span> <span word="unionism">unionism</span> <span word="operated">operated</span> <span word="through">through</span> <span word="union">union</span> <span word="hiring">hiring</span> <span word="halls">halls</span>, <span word="which">which</span> <span word="provided">provided</span> <span word="free">free</span> <span word="placement">placement</span> <span word="services">services</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="employers">employers</span> <span word="who">who</span> <span word="agreed">agreed</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="hire">hire</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="personnel">personnel</span> <span word="only">only</span> <span word="through">through</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="union">union</span>. <span word="Hiring">Hiring</span> <span word="halls">halls</span> <span word="offered">offered</span> <span word="union">union</span> <span word="waitresses">waitresses</span> <span word="collective">collective</span> <span word="employment">employment</span> <span word="security">security</span>, <span word="not">not</span> <span word="individual">individual</span> <span word="job">job</span> <span word="securitya">securitya</span> <span word="basic">basic</span> <span word="protection">protection</span> <span word="offered">offered</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="worksite">worksite</span> <span word="unions">unions</span>. <span word="That">That</span> <span word="is">is</span>, <span word="when">when</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="waitress">waitress</span> <span word="lost">lost</span> <span word="her">her</span> <span word="job">job</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="local">local</span> <span word="did">did</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="intervene">intervene</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="her">her</span> <span word="employer">employer</span> <span word="but">but</span> <span word="placed">placed</span> <span word="her">her</span> <span word="elsewhere">elsewhere</span>; <span word="and">and</span> <span word="when">when</span> <span word="jobs">jobs</span> <span word="were">were</span> <span word="scarce">scarce</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="work">work</span> <span word="hours">hours</span> <span word="available">available</span> <span word="were">were</span> <span word="distributed">distributed</span> <span word="fairly">fairly</span> <span word="among">among</span> <span word="all">all</span> <span word="members">members</span> <span word="rather">rather</span> <span word="than">than</span> <span word="being">being</span> <span word="assigned">assigned</span> <span word="according">according</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="seniority">seniority</span>.</p><p> 17. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="primary">primary</span> <span word="purpose">purpose</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="passage">passage</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="to">to</span></p><p> <span word="analyze">analyze</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="current">current</span> <span word="trend">trend</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="relation">relation</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="past">past</span></p><p> <span word="discuss">discuss</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="particular">particular</span> <span word="solution">solution</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="longstanding">longstanding</span> <span word="problem">problem</span></p><p> <span word="analyze">analyze</span> <span word="changes">changes</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="way">way</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="certain">certain</span> <span word="standards">standards</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="enforced">enforced</span></p><p> <span word="apply">apply</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="generalization">generalization</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="unusual">unusual</span> <span word="situation">situation</span></p><p> <span word="describe">describe</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="approach">approach</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="contrasting">contrasting</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="another">another</span> <span word="approach">approach</span></p>
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