英语讲义【172】一字不同，意义有别
<p> 英语的情态动词（<span word="modal">modal</span> <span word="verbs">verbs</span>）可以协助主动词，表达一句话的语气；有时，不同的情态动词还会多少扭转一句话的含意。例如<span word="Shall">Shall</span> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="come">come</span> <span word="in">in</span>?和<span word="May">May</span> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="come">come</span> <span word="in">in</span>?这两句话的含意一样吗？答案是否定的。</p><p> 用<span word="May">May</span>提问，目的在请求对方同意某事，是种客气方式，意思是：我想进来，不知你允许吗？</p><p> 用<span word="Shall">Shall</span>提问，目的在探听对方要不要我进来，有点像<span word="Do">Do</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="want">want</span> <span word="me">me</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="come">come</span> <span word="in">in</span>?而你要我进来，我就进来，你不要我进来，我就不进来。</p><p> 现在再比较下列各组，看看语意有何差别：</p><p> （1） <span word="a">a</span>. <span word="Shall">Shall</span> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="read">read</span> <span word="this">this</span> <span word="book">book</span> <span word="now">now</span>?</p><p> （你现在要我看这本书吗？）</p><p> <span word="b">b</span>. <span word="May">May</span> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="read">read</span> <span word="this">this</span> <span word="book">book</span> <span word="now">now</span>?</p><p> （我现在可以看这本书吗？）</p><p> （2） <span word="a">a</span>. <span word="Shall">Shall</span> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="buy">buy</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="stamps">stamps</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="you">you</span>?</p><p> （你要我替你买邮票吗？）</p><p> <span word="b">b</span>. <span word="Can">Can</span> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="buy">buy</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="stamps">stamps</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="you">you</span>?</p><p> （我可以替你买邮票吗？）</p><p> （3） <span word="a">a</span>. <span word="Shall">Shall</span> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="write">write</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="annual">annual</span> <span word="report">report</span>?</p><p> （你要我写年终报告吗？）</p><p> <span word="b">b</span>. <span word="Might">Might</span>/<span word="May">May</span>/<span word="Can">Can</span> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="write">write</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="annual">annual</span> <span word="report">report</span>?</p><p> （我可以写年终报告了吗？）</p><p> 最后，再看看另外两句的差别何在？</p><p> （4） <span word="Our">Our</span> <span word="basketball">basketball</span> <span word="team">team</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="gone">gone</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="Malaysia">Malaysia</span>.</p>
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