英语讲义【175】挥之不去的错误
<p> 信箱里有张房地产贷款的信件及其细项，印得漂亮，写得也很清楚；美中不足的是几个语文运用上的错误，如混淆词、动词形式和惯用法。这些错误，我已经在不同场合里处理过，可是常常又看到它们出现，虽然不是召之则来，但却是挥之不去。</p><p> 现在就把这几个错误整合起来，一一分解，希望未犯者不要犯、犯者不要重犯。</p><p> （一）<span word="I">I</span> <span word="am">am</span> <span word="interested">interested</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="attend">attend</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="seminar">seminar</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="able">able</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="enjoy">enjoy</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="benefits">benefits</span>.</p><p> 这句的连词<span word="and">and</span>连接两个并列句<span word="I">I</span> <span word="am">am</span> <span word="interestedseminar">interestedseminar</span>和<span word="I">I</span> <span word="am">am</span> <span word="able">able</span> <span word="to">to</span>第二句的主语和动词和第一句一样，可以省略为<span word="and">and</span> （<span word="am">am</span>） <span word="able">able</span> <span word="to">to</span>这里的动词<span word="am">am</span>也是可有可无，但改用<span word="be">be</span>，就是动词形式不对了。此外，<span word="interested">interested</span>多和<span word="in">in</span>连用，因此也可改成<span word="I">I</span> <span word="am">am</span> <span word="interested">interested</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="attending">attending</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="seminar">seminar</span></p><p> （二）<span word="We">We</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="looking">looking</span> <span word="forward">forward</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="hear">hear</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="soon">soon</span>.</p><p> 这句的语意没有问题：我们盼望你尽速来信。问题是<span word="to">to</span>这个字，这里把它当作不定式动词（<span word="infinitive">infinitive</span>）中的<span word="to">to</span>，如<span word="to">to</span> <span word="come">come</span>, <span word="to">to</span> <span word="read">read</span>, <span word="to">to</span> <span word="sing">sing</span>等。但是这句里的<span word="to">to</span>是片语动词 （<span word="phrasal">phrasal</span> <span word="verb">verb</span>）<span word="look">look</span> <span word="forward">forward</span> <span word="to">to</span>的一部分，是介词（<span word="preposition">preposition</span>），后头要有宾语（<span word="object">object</span>），可当宾语的是名词（<span word="Noun">Noun</span>）、代词（<span word="Pronoun">Pronoun</span>）、动名词（<span word="Gerund">Gerund</span>: <span word="vling">vling</span>）等。这句里用<span word="hear">hear</span>，动词形式不对，要改为<span word="hearing">hearing</span>（动名词）。不然，句子就要改写为：<span word="I">I</span> <span word="am">am</span> <span word="looking">looking</span> <span word="forward">forward</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="your">your</span> <span word="response">response</span> （<span word="reply">reply</span>） <span word="soon">soon</span> / <span word="your">your</span> <span word="early">early</span> <span word="response">response</span> （<span word="reply">reply</span>）.</p>
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