英语讲义【139】切忌随便转移句子中心点
<p> 写英文句子时，要有明确的中心点，包括主语的人称、数目以及谓语动词的时态、语态和情态等。如果句子的中心点随便改变或转移的话，句子结构可能陷入模糊状态，使人困惑，也削弱了文章气势。</p><p> 下面就是些有关句子中心点转移的例子：</p><p> ⒈随便转移主语和语态，如：</p><p> ① <span word="Cocks">Cocks</span> <span word="were">were</span> <span word="heard">heard</span> <span word="crowing">crowing</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="hikers">hikers</span> <span word="approached">approached</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="farm">farm</span>.</p><p> 在一个短短的复杂句里，原本的主句主语突然变成副词从句的主语<span word="the">the</span> <span word="hikers">hikers</span>，动词语态则以被动形式出现在另一个文句里。这样的转变没有好处，也没有必要。这句话可修改为：</p><p> <span word="The">The</span> <span word="hikers">hikers</span> <span word="heard">heard</span> <span word="cocks">cocks</span> <span word="crowing">crowing</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="approached">approached</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="farm">farm</span>.</p><p> 这里两个主语保持中心点，一气呵成，明确多了。</p><p> ② <span word="The">The</span> <span word="tourists">tourists</span> <span word="stayed">stayed</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="holiday">holiday</span> <span word="hotel">hotel</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="much">much</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="time">time</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="spent">spent</span> <span word="there">there</span>.</p><p> 这里的两个并列句的主语从<span word="the">the</span> <span word="tourists">tourists</span>转入<span word="much">much</span>，动词则以主动语态变成被动语态；这样做，必要吗？还是改写一下好：</p><p> <span word="The">The</span> <span word="tourists">tourists</span> <span word="stayed">stayed</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="holiday">holiday</span> <span word="hotel">hotel</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="spent">spent</span> <span word="much">much</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="time">time</span> <span word="there">there</span>.</p><p> ⒉随便转移人称和数目，如：</p><p> ③ <span word="Everyone">Everyone</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="feel">feel</span> <span word="happy">happy</span> <span word="if">if</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="enjoy">enjoy</span> <span word="good">good</span> <span word="life">life</span>.</p><p> ④ <span word="Kelvin">Kelvin</span> <span word="enjoys">enjoys</span> <span word="cigarette">cigarette</span> <span word="smoking">smoking</span>, <span word="but">but</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="make">make</span> <span word="his">his</span> <span word="throat">throat</span> <span word="sore">sore</span>.</p>
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