英语讲义【125】语义相近的句型
<p> 一张房地产传单中这么写：</p><p> <span word="We">We</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="qualified">qualified</span> <span word="Hong">Hong</span> <span word="Kong">Kong</span> <span word="PR">PR</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="local">local</span> <span word="buyers">buyers</span> <span word="who">who</span> <span word="want">want</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="purchase">purchase</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="flat">flat</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="this">this</span> <span word="area">area</span>, <span word="if">if</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="intention">intention</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="sell">sell</span> <span word="your">your</span> <span word="flat">flat</span>, <span word="please">please</span> <span word="contact">contact</span> <span word="us">us</span> <span word="immediately">immediately</span>. </p><p> 认识英语的人，都懂得这话的意思。可惜的是，这话的英语用得不好， 共有六处不符合标准。</p><p> 现在一一指出如下：</p><p> ⒈<span word="We">We</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="qualified">qualified</span> <span word="Hong">Hong</span> <span word="Kong">Kong</span> <span word="PR">PR</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="local">local</span> <span word="buyers">buyers</span>：这里的<span word="Hong">Hong</span> <span word="Kong">Kong</span> <span word="PR">PR</span>可以译为香港的永久居民，但文中要的应该是来自香港的永久居民（<span word="Singapore">Singapore</span> <span word="Permanent">Permanent</span> <span word="Residents">Residents</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="Hong">Hong</span> <span word="Kong">Kong</span>）。此外，<span word="PR">PR</span>要改为复数（<span word="PRs">PRs</span>）才对。在 <span word="local">local</span> <span word="buyers">buyers</span>里<span word="local">local</span>（本地的）较短，根据修饰语的排列秩序，应该先排。此外，<span word="buyers">buyers</span>后面有个形容词分句提到买组屋的事，<span word="buyers">buyers</span>便成为多余的元素了。最后，修饰语<span word="qualified">qualified</span> 虽然用法对，但选词不妥当。<span word="Qualified">Qualified</span>表示有知识或有资格，但这里要的是合条件的或适当的修饰语，那就是 <span word="eligible">eligible</span>或<span word="suitable">suitable</span>了。</p><p> ⒉<span word="who">who</span> <span word="want">want</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="purchase">purchase</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="flat">flat</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="this">this</span> <span word="area">area</span>里的 <span word="a">a</span> <span word="flat">flat</span>不能说错，但根据上下文，应该用复数的<span word="flats">flats</span>较合理。</p><p> ⒊在<span word="if">if</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="intention">intention</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="sell">sell</span> <span word="your">your</span> <span word="flat">flat</span> 之前的句子已告一段落，应该加上句号；不然又和这个条件副词分句连起来了， 叫<span word="run">run</span>-<span word="on">on</span> <span word="sentences">sentences</span>，在句法上， 是错误的。此外，<span word="have">have</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="intention">intention</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="sell">sell</span>这个名词句型正确的构造是： <span word="have">have</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="intention">intention</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="selling">selling</span>，反义句是：<span word="have">have</span> <span word="no">no</span> <span word="intention">intention</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="selling">selling</span>。</p>
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