英语讲义【58】转化动词活灵活现
<p> 在现代英语词汇里，转化词很多。其中的名词转化为动词的趋势更为显著。原因是转化动词很有生气，极富吸引力。必须注意的是，转化动词与原动词的含义，有所不同。例如：</p><p> ①<span word="a">a</span>. <span word="Do">Do</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="know">know</span> <span word="how">how</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="serve">serve</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="guests">guests</span>?（侍候）</p><p> <span word="b">b</span>. <span word="Do">Do</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="know">know</span> <span word="how">how</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="service">service</span> <span word="this">this</span> <span word="type">type</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="machine">machine</span>?（维修）</p><p> ②<span word="a">a</span>. <span word="Who">Who</span> <span word="empowered">empowered</span> <span word="him">him</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="announce">announce</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="news">news</span>?（授权）</p><p> <span word="b">b</span>. <span word="How">How</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="power">power</span> <span word="this">this</span> <span word="dissused">dissused</span> <span word="machine">machine</span>?（为提供动力）</p><p> ③<span word="a">a</span>. <span word="NUS">NUS</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="situated">situated</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="ridge">ridge</span>.（位于）</p><p> <span word="b">b</span>. <span word="Where">Where</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="going">going</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="site">site</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="new">new</span> <span word="factory">factory</span>? （定 的地点）</p><p> ④<span word="a">a</span>. <span word="Before">Before</span> <span word="he">he</span> <span word="departed">departed</span>, <span word="he">he</span> <span word="packed">packed</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="clothes">clothes</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="other">other</span> <span word="belongings">belongings</span> <span word="into">into</span> <span word="his">his</span> <span word="trunk">trunk</span>.（装进；包好）</p><p> <span word="b">b</span>. <span word="You">You</span> <span word="should">should</span> <span word="know">know</span> <span word="how">how</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="package">package</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="goods">goods</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="attract">attract</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="customers">customers</span>.（包装）</p><p> 转化动词越来越多，报章杂志里，比比皆是。读书阅报时，要多多留意，尽量吸收。</p><p> 下面是些信手拈来的常用动词，全都由名词转化而来：</p><p> ● <span word="There">There</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="no">no</span> <span word="guarantee">guarantee</span> <span word="against">against</span> <span word="crimes">crimes</span> <span word="unless">unless</span> <span word="every">every</span> <span word="flat">flat</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="house">house</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="properly">properly</span> <span word="policed">policed</span>.（警备）</p><p> ● <span word="The">The</span> <span word="criminal">criminal</span> <span word="elements">elements</span> <span word="would">would</span> <span word="factor">factor</span> <span word="into">into</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="chances">chances</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="getting">getting</span> <span word="away">away</span> <span word="quickly">quickly</span>.（把因素考虑在内）</p><p> ● <span word="The">The</span> <span word="shelling">shelling</span> <span word="targeted">targeted</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="rivals">rivals</span> <span word="headquarters">headquarters</span>.（把作为目标）</p>
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