英语讲义【52】表达数目和数量的特别方法
<p> 大家知道，不可数名词没有表示复数的-<span word="s">s</span>标志，因此前面不可有数目字，只可以有数量词。例如我们可以说①， 不可以说②：</p><p> ①<span word="There">There</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="much">much</span> <span word="furniture">furniture</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="office">office</span>.</p><p> ②<span word="There">There</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="many">many</span> <span word="furnitures">furnitures</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="office">office</span>.</p><p> 这是不是说不可数名词就不可数呢？不然。相反的，不可数名词也是可数的，主要方法是借重单位词（<span word="unit">unit</span> <span word="word">word</span>），如：</p><p> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="piece">piece</span> <span word="of">of</span>, <span word="a">a</span> <span word="cup">cup</span> <span word="of">of</span>, <span word="a">a</span> <span word="drop">drop</span> <span word="of">of</span>, <span word="a">a</span> <span word="lump">lump</span> <span word="of">of</span>, <span word="a">a</span> <span word="handful">handful</span> <span word="of">of</span>, <span word="a">a</span> <span word="flash">flash</span> <span word="of">of</span>, <span word="a">a</span> <span word="blade">blade</span> <span word="of">of</span>, <span word="a">a</span> <span word="head">head</span> <span word="of">of</span>, <span word="a">a</span> <span word="bar">bar</span> <span word="of">of</span>, <span word="an">an</span> <span word="ear">ear</span> <span word="of">of</span>等。</p><p> 如果数目是超过一，就以确实数目取代一。例如：</p><p> <span word="two">two</span> <span word="pieces">pieces</span> <span word="of">of</span>, <span word="three">three</span> <span word="cups">cups</span> <span word="of">of</span> 和 <span word="five">five</span> <span word="lumps">lumps</span> <span word="of">of</span> 等。</p><p> 现在试试把上述这类单位词和适当的不可数名词连用。</p><p> ① <span word="Mr">Mr</span> <span word="Li">Li</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="just">just</span> <span word="bought">bought</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="piece">piece</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="new">new</span> <span word="furniture">furniture</span>.</p><p> ② <span word="Give">Give</span> <span word="me">me</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="cup">cup</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="cold">cold</span> <span word="water">water</span>, <span word="please">please</span>.</p><p> ③ <span word="Please">Please</span> <span word="put">put</span> <span word="two">two</span> <span word="lumps">lumps</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="sugar">sugar</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="my">my</span> <span word="coffee">coffee</span>.</p><p> ④ <span word="The">The</span> <span word="boy">boy</span> <span word="picked">picked</span> <span word="up">up</span> <span word="two">two</span> <span word="handfuls">handfuls</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="sand">sand</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="beach">beach</span>.</p><p> ⑤ <span word="We">We</span> <span word="saw">saw</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="flash">flash</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="lightning">lightning</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="sky">sky</span>.</p><p> ⑥ <span word="The">The</span> <span word="gardener">gardener</span> <span word="pulled">pulled</span> <span word="out">out</span> <span word="blades">blades</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="wild">wild</span> <span word="grass">grass</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="garden">garden</span>.</p><p> ⑦ <span word="She">She</span> <span word="gave">gave</span> <span word="bars">bars</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="chocolate">chocolate</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="visiting">visiting</span> <span word="children">children</span>.</p><p> 有些名词如 <span word="scissors">scissors</span>, <span word="trousers">trousers</span>, <span word="spectacles">spectacles</span>, <span word="tongs">tongs</span>, <span word="pliers">pliers</span> 等，都以复数形式出现， 如：</p>
页:
[1]