英语讲义【17】读上看下，猜猜词义
<p> 一个句子中难免出现一两个生字。在这种情况下，不必马上，只要根据上下文的关系，就可能猜测生字的意思了。</p><p> 下面这些例子，值得大家参考：</p><p> ⒈利用括号内的解释，如：</p><p> ① <span word="The">The</span> <span word="power">power</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="tribune">tribune</span> （<span word="one">one</span> <span word="million">million</span> <span word="people">people</span> <span word="read">read</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="every">every</span> <span word="day">day</span>） <span word="is">is</span> <span word="enormous">enormous</span>.</p><p> 什么东西能吸引 100 万人来阅读呢？既然这东西吸引了 100 万人，它必定神通广大。这么一来，<span word="enormous">enormous</span>的意思，也不问而知了。</p><p> ② <span word="To">To</span> <span word="write">write</span>, <span word="you">you</span> <span word="need">need</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="sharp">sharp</span> <span word="tool">tool</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="quick">quick</span> <span word="mind">mind</span> （<span word="the">the</span> <span word="first">first</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="which">which</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="easily">easily</span> <span word="obtained">obtained</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="book">book</span> <span word="store">store</span>）.</p><p> 这里的<span word="sharp">sharp</span> <span word="tool">tool</span>是利器吗？不是，括号内注明这利器可以在书店买到；显然，这就是笔了。</p><p> ⒉利用名词同位语，如：</p><p> ③ <span word="The">The</span> <span word="epidermis">epidermis</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="outer">outer</span> <span word="layer">layer</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="skin">skin</span>, <span word="protects">protects</span> <span word="us">us</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="germs">germs</span>.</p><p> 这里的<span word="the">the</span> <span word="outer">outer</span> <span word="layer">layer</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="skin">skin</span>是名词<span word="epidermis">epidermis</span>的同位语。既然如此，<span word="epidermis">epidermis</span>指的当然是皮肤的外层了。</p><p> ⒊利用句中的代替词，如：</p><p> ④ <span word="What">What</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="government">government</span> <span word="do">do</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="order">order</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="alleviate">alleviate</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="lessen">lessen</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="problem">problem</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="inflation">inflation</span>?</p><p> 这里的<span word="lessen">lessen</span>和<span word="alleviate">alleviate</span>同义。<span word="Lessen">Lessen</span>的意思是 减少：<span word="alleviate">alleviate</span>的意思不是很明显了吗？</p><p> ⒋利用字的构造，如：</p>
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