中考英语基础知识解题方法及例题分析
<p> 基础知识的考查通常有单项选择、句型转换、汉译英、写出所给单词的正确形式、改错等几种基本题型。</p><p> 1.单项选择题</p><p> 单项选择是一种容量大、考查面广的题型。它可集中考查词汇、句法、语法知识。</p><p> 覆盖面广，考查知识点多。试题答案具有唯一性。</p><p> 单项选择题分两种形式：选择能替代划线部分的选项或选择正确的形式填空。</p><p> (1)替代划线部分的选项这一题主要用来考查习惯搭配、同义词组或短语，同时还考查了考生灵活运用所学知识的能力。比如：</p><p> ① <span word="English">English</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="most">most</span> <span word="widely">widely</span> <span word="used">used</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="world">world</span>.</p><p> <span word="Yeah">Yeah</span>. <span word="Nowadays">Nowadays</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="study">study</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="English">English</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="considered">considered</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="very">very</span> <span word="important">important</span> <span word="industry">industry</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="China">China</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="well">well</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="rest">rest</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="world">world</span>. (2008年湖北黄冈市)</p><p> <span word="A">A</span>.<span word="is">is</span> <span word="regarded">regarded</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="B">B</span>.<span word="is">is</span> <span word="looked">looked</span> <span word="as">as</span></p><p> <span word="C">C</span>.<span word="takes">takes</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="D">D</span>.<span word="treats">treats</span> <span word="as">as</span></p><p> ② <span word="A">A</span> <span word="few">few</span> <span word="minute">minute</span> <span word="later">later</span>, <span word="Paul">Paul</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="Nancy">Nancy</span> <span word="got">got</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="Center">Center</span> <span word="Street">Street</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="bus">bus</span>. (2008年成都市)</p><p> <span word="A">A</span>.<span word="ran">ran</span> <span word="to">to</span></p><p> <span word="B">B</span>.<span word="arrived">arrived</span> <span word="at">at</span></p><p> <span word="C">C</span>.<span word="went">went</span> <span word="to">to</span></p><p> 这两道题考查的都是同义词组的代换。在选择答案时，除了要注意其意义上的相同或相近之外，还要注意其时态、数等其它方面的因素。</p><p> (2)选择题填空题通常用来考查的是基本的语法知识。一般会考到冠词、代词、形容词或副词比较级、宾语从句、最基本的几种时态;被动语态;定语从句一般只考由<span word="that">that</span> 或<span word="who">who</span>引导的比较简单的，一些比较典型的主从复合句如：<span word="sothat">sothat</span>;<span word="if">if</span> 引导的条件状语从句、<span word="when">when</span>，<span word="while">while</span>引导的时间状语从句等.再就是会考到一些重要的动词、不定代词、副词、特殊的介词等的辨析。如常考的而且学生们又容易出错的动词有：<span word="cost">cost</span>，<span word="spend">spend</span>，<span word="pay">pay</span>，<span word="take">take</span>;<span word="speak">speak</span>，<span word="talk">talk</span>，<span word="say">say</span>，<span word="tell">tell</span>;<span word="take">take</span>，<span word="bring">bring</span>;<span word="dress">dress</span>，<span word="wear">wear</span>，<span word="put">put</span> <span word="on">on</span>，<span word="have">have</span>不定代词如：<span word="other">other</span>，<span word="others">others</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="other">other</span>，<span word="the">the</span> <span word="others">others</span>，<span word="another">another</span>，<span word="all">all</span>，<span word="none">none</span>，<span word="both">both</span>，<span word="each">each</span> 等;副词如 <span word="sometime">sometime</span>，<span word="sometimes">sometimes</span>，<span word="some">some</span> <span word="time">time</span>，<span word="one">one</span> <span word="day">day</span>，<span word="the">the</span> <span word="other">other</span> <span word="day">day</span>，<span word="some">some</span> <span word="day">day</span> 等;形容词 <span word="few">few</span>，<span word="a">a</span> <span word="few">few</span>，<span word="little">little</span>，<span word="a">a</span> <span word="little">little</span> 等。一些连接代词如 <span word="not">not</span> <span word="only">only</span>，<span word="but">but</span> <span word="also">also</span>;<span word="neithereither">neithereither</span> <span word="both">both</span>一些短语动词、固定搭配、习惯用法都是考试的重点。</p>
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