中考英语语法：介词语法讲解
<p>（一）介词概述介词是一种虚词，在句子中不单独作任何句子成分。它是一种表示名词和句中其他词之间关系的词。它常和名词、动词、形容词等搭配，构成固定短语，表示不同意 思。介词还可以与名词构成介词短语，表示方位、方向、时间、地点、方式、原因等。这些介词短语在句中可充当定语、状语、补语等。20002005年的中 考中主要考了形容词与介词的搭配：如：<span word="be">be</span> <span word="famous">famous</span> <span word="for">for</span>；表示时间的介词，如：<span word="at">at</span> <span word="night">night</span>；动词与介词的搭配，如：<span word="arrive">arrive</span> <span word="in">in</span>/<span word="have">have</span> <span word="dinner">dinner</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="sb">sb</span>.；表示方式、手段的介词，如：<span word="by">by</span> <span word="phone">phone</span>/<span word="in">in</span> <span word="English">English</span>.（二）基础知识梳理1．名词与介词的搭配<span word="a">a</span> <span word="bit">bit</span> <span word="of">of</span>有一点儿 <span word="a">a</span> <span word="couple">couple</span> <span word="of">of</span>两个、几个<span word="a">a</span> <span word="kind">kind</span> <span word="of">of</span>一种、一类 <span word="cover">cover</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="area">area</span> <span word="of">of</span>占地面积<span word="have">have</span> <span word="pity">pity</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="sb">sb</span>.怜悯某人 <span word="huge">huge</span> <span word="amounts">amounts</span> <span word="of">of</span>大量的<span word="make">make</span> <span word="friends">friends</span> <span word="with">with</span>与交朋友<span word="make">make</span> <span word="fun">fun</span> <span word="of">of</span>拿开玩笑<span word="meet">meet</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="needs">needs</span> <span word="of">of</span>迎合的需要<span word="one">one</span> <span word="after">after</span> <span word="another">another</span>一个接一个；连续地<span word="play">play</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="trick">trick</span> <span word="on">on</span>捉弄 <span word="the">the</span> <span word="week">week</span> <span word="after">after</span> <span word="next">next</span>下下周2．动词与介词的搭配<span word="agree">agree</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="sb">sb</span>.同意某人的意见<span word="apologize">apologize</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="sb">sb</span>. <span word="for">for</span> <span word="sth">sth</span>.为某事向某人道歉<span word="arrive">arrive</span> <span word="at">at</span>/<span word="in">in</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="place">place</span>到达某地 <span word="ask">ask</span> <span word="for">for</span>请求、寻求<span word="be">be</span> <span word="covered">covered</span> <span word="with">with</span>被所覆盖 <span word="be">be</span> <span word="made">made</span> <span word="of">of</span>由制成<span word="be">be</span> <span word="made">made</span> <span word="up">up</span> <span word="of">of</span>由组成 <span word="belong">belong</span> <span word="to">to</span>属于<span word="break">break</span> <span word="into">into</span>破门而人、闯入 <span word="call">call</span> <span word="on">on</span>拜访<span word="care">care</span> <span word="for">for</span>照顾、喜欢 <span word="carry">carry</span> <span word="out">out</span>执行<span word="check">check</span> <span word="in">in</span>办理登机<span word="come">come</span> <span word="across">across</span>被理解；遇见<span word="come">come</span> <span word="from">from</span>出生于、来自<span word="come">come</span> <span word="on">on</span>跟我来、走吧<span word="communicate">communicate</span> <span word="with">with</span>与交<span word="cut">cut</span> <span word="down">down</span>砍倒<span word="deal">deal</span> <span word="with">with</span>= <span word="do">do</span> <span word="with">with</span>处理 <span word="depend">depend</span> <span word="on">on</span>= <span word="rely">rely</span> <span word="on">on</span>依靠、依赖<span word="die">die</span> <span word="of">of</span>因病而死<span word="dream">dream</span> <span word="of">of</span>梦见<span word="dress">dress</span> <span word="up">up</span>穿着、打扮 <span word="eat">eat</span> <span word="up">up</span>= <span word="finish">finish</span> <span word="off">off</span>吃光、喝完、吞噬<span word="enter">enter</span> <span word="for">for</span>报名参加<span word="fall">fall</span> <span word="off">off</span>从跌落<span word="fill">fill</span> <span word="in">in</span>填充、填写 <span word="find">find</span> <span word="out">out</span>找出、查明、了解<span word="get">get</span> <span word="along">along</span>/<span word="on">on</span> <span word="with">with</span>进展、与相处 <span word="get">get</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="way">way</span>挡道<span word="get">get</span> <span word="in">in</span>进入、收集<span word="get">get</span> <span word="on">on</span>上车<span word="get">get</span> <span word="off">off</span>下车<span word="get">get</span> <span word="rid">rid</span> <span word="of">of</span>摆脱<span word="get">get</span> <span word="ready">ready</span> <span word="for">for</span>为．作准备<span word="get">get</span> <span word="to">to</span>到达<span word="get">get</span> <span word="tired">tired</span> <span word="of">of</span>对感到厌倦<span word="go">go</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="for">for</span>参加、从事于、酷爱 ，^<span word="go">go</span> <span word="ahead">ahead</span>先走、向前走；去吧 <span word="go">go</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="swim">swim</span>去游泳<span word="go">go</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="diet">diet</span>实行节食 <span word="go">go</span> <span word="over">over</span>复习<span word="go">go</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="with">with</span>继续做某事 <span word="grow">grow</span> <span word="up">up</span>长大、成长<span word="hand">hand</span> <span word="in">in</span>上交 <span word="hear">hear</span> <span word="from">from</span>收到的来信<span word="hear">hear</span> <span word="of">of</span>听说<span word="help">help</span> <span word="sb">sb</span>. <span word="with">with</span> <span word="sth">sth</span>.帮助某人做某事<span word="hold">hold</span> <span word="on">on</span>等等（别挂电话） <span word="hold">hold</span> <span word="up">up</span>举起<span word="hurry">hurry</span> <span word="off">off</span>匆忙离开<span word="join">join</span>．<span word="n">n</span>参加、加入<span word="keep">keep</span>... <span word="from">from</span>使不做<span word="keep">keep</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="touch">touch</span> <span word="with">with</span>与保持联系<span word="keep">keep</span> <span word="off">off</span>阻挡；不让接近<span word="knock">knock</span> <span word="over">over</span>撞倒、撞翻<span word="later">later</span> <span word="on">on</span>过来；后来 <span word="laugh">laugh</span> <span word="at">at</span>嘲笑<span word="learn">learn</span>.., <span word="from">from</span>向学习<span word="leave">leave</span> <span word="for">for</span>动身去<span word="let">let</span> <span word="out">out</span>放出 <span word="line">line</span> <span word="up">up</span>整队；排成行<span word="live">live</span> <span word="on">on</span>靠为生<span word="look">look</span> <span word="after">after</span>照顾；照料<span word="look">look</span> <span word="at">at</span>看；观看<span word="look">look</span> <span word="for">for</span>寻找<span word="look">look</span> <span word="forward">forward</span> <span word="to">to</span>期待着<span word="look">look</span> <span word="like">like</span>看上去像；显得<span word="look">look</span> <span word="out">out</span> <span word="of">of</span>从朝外看 <span word="look">look</span> <span word="up">up</span>查寻；抬头看<span word="make">make</span> <span word="out">out</span>辨认出<span word="make">make</span> <span word="up">up</span> <span word="ones">ones</span> <span word="mind">mind</span>下决心<span word="meet">meet</span> <span word="with">with</span>遭遇 <span word="operate">operate</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="sb">sb</span>.为动手术<span word="pay">pay</span> <span word="for">for</span>付钱 <span word="pick">pick</span> <span word="out">out</span>拾起<span word="play">play</span> <span word="with">with</span>玩弄 <span word="point">point</span> <span word="at">at</span>指向；指着<span word="point">point</span> <span word="out">out</span>指出 <span word="praise">praise</span> <span word="sb">sb</span>. <span word="for">for</span> <span word="sth">sth</span>.为某事表扬某人<span word="prefer">prefer</span>... <span word="to">to</span>(比起来)更喜欢 <span word="prepare">prepare</span> <span word="for">for</span>准备<span word="protect">protect</span>... <span word="from">from</span>保护免受 <span word="pull">pull</span> <span word="down">down</span>推倒<span word="put">put</span> <span word="off">off</span>延期 <span word="put">put</span> <span word="on">on</span>穿；戴上；上演<span word="put">put</span> <span word="out">out</span>伸出<span word="put">put</span> <span word="up">up</span>举起；挂起<span word="run">run</span> <span word="after">after</span>追捕；追踪 <span word="run">run</span> <span word="away">away</span>逃跑<span word="search">search</span> <span word="for">for</span>搜寻；搜查 <span word="see">see</span> <span word="off">off</span>为送行<span word="sell">sell</span> <span word="out">out</span>售完<span word="set">set</span> <span word="out">out</span>/<span word="off">off</span> <span word="for">for</span>出发去；起程去<span word="set">set</span> <span word="up">up</span>建立；设立．<span word="shake">shake</span> <span word="hands">hands</span> <span word="with">with</span>与握手<span word="share">share</span> <span word="with">with</span>与分享 <span word="show">show</span> <span word="off">off</span>炫耀<span word="show">show</span> <span word="sb">sb</span> <span word="around">around</span>带某人参观 <span word="shut">shut</span> <span word="up">up</span>住口<span word="speed">speed</span> <span word="up">up</span>加快速度<span word="stop">stop</span>...<span word="from">from</span>阻止做<span word="take">take</span> <span word="away">away</span>拿走<span word="take">take</span> <span word="care">care</span> <span word="of">of</span>照料<span word="take">take</span> <span word="charge">charge</span> <span word="of">of</span>负责；管理；<span word="take">take</span> <span word="hold">hold</span> <span word="of">of</span>抓住<span word="take">take</span> <span word="in">in</span>吸入<span word="take">take</span> <span word="off">off</span>脱掉（衣物等）；起飞<span word="take">take</span> <span word="out">out</span>取出 <span word="take">take</span> <span word="part">part</span> <span word="in">in</span>参加<span word="take">take</span> <span word="up">up</span>开始从事 <span word="talk">talk</span> <span word="about">about</span>谈到<span word="talk">talk</span> <span word="to">to</span>/<span word="with">with</span>与...谈话<span word="tell">tell</span>... <span word="from">from</span>区别；分辨<span word="think">think</span> <span word="of">of</span>想起；想到<span word="think">think</span> <span word="over">over</span>仔细考虑<span word="throw">throw</span> <span word="away">away</span>扔掉 <span word="tie">tie</span> <span word="up">up</span>捆绑<span word="try">try</span> <span word="on">on</span> 试穿 <span word="turn">turn</span> <span word="down">down</span>（把音量）调低<span word="turn">turn</span> <span word="into">into</span>变成<span word="turn">turn</span> <span word="off">off</span>关掉（电灯、电视、收音机等）<span word="turn">turn</span> <span word="on">on</span>开，旋开（电灯、电视、收音机等）<span word="turn">turn</span> <span word="over">over</span>翻车；翻阅；翻身<span word="turn">turn</span> <span word="out">out</span>结果是；证明是 <span word="wake">wake</span> <span word="up">up</span>醒来；叫醒<span word="wait">wait</span> <span word="for">for</span>等待；等候<span word="write">write</span> <span word="down">down</span>写下</p>
页:
[1]