英语单词：吃醋
<p> 文化的不同在语法中也会有很大的差异，下面就英语单词&<span word="ldquo">ldquo</span>;吃醋进行讲解。</p><p> 原文：<span word="She">She</span> <span word="spoke">spoke</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="touch">touch</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="vinegar">vinegar</span>.</p><p> 译文：她说话带着一点醋意。</p><p> 辨析：乍一看译文一点不错，还有点文采，但实际上却是错译。此句的关键在于 <span word="vinegar">vinegar</span> 的隐喻含义。<span word="Vinegar">Vinegar</span>是&<span word="ldquo">ldquo</span>;醋不错，但这两个中英文词只有在指那种带酸味的调料(即词的本义)时，意思才是一样的。&<span word="ldquo">ldquo</span>;说话带点醋意当然不指说话人嘴里真的带醋味儿，而是隐喻，表示妒忌(即隐含意义<span word="connotative">connotative</span> <span word="meaning">meaning</span>)。</p><p> 然而，英语中的<span word="vinegar">vinegar</span>的隐含意义不同于汉语&<span word="ldquo">ldquo</span>;醋的隐含意义，与嫉妒无关，而是表示&<span word="ldquo">ldquo</span>;不高兴或&<span word="ldquo">ldquo</span>;尖酸刻薄。因此，原句应译为：她说的有点刻薄。</p><p> 不过要注意：<span word="vinegar">vinegar</span> 在美语中还有&<span word="ldquo">ldquo</span>;精力充沛的意思，如 <span word="a">a</span> <span word="kid">kid</span> <span word="full">full</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="vinegar">vinegar</span> 是&<span word="ldquo">ldquo</span>;一个活蹦乱跳的小伙子。</p><p> 反过来，汉语的&<span word="ldquo">ldquo</span>;吃醋当然也不能译成 <span word="eat">eat</span>/<span word="taste">taste</span> <span word="vinegar">vinegar</span>，而应是 <span word="be">be</span> <span word="jealous">jealous</span>。有趣的是，英语文化中把&<span word="ldquo">ldquo</span>;嫉妒和 <span word="jaundice">jaundice</span>(黄疸)连起来，说某人嫉妒是 <span word="be">be</span> <span word="jaundiced">jaundiced</span>。顺便说一下，形容一个人言谈迂腐、说话酸溜溜的，英语是 <span word="pedantic">pedantic</span> 或 <span word="priggish">priggish</span>;<span word="a">a</span> <span word="sour">sour</span> <span word="fellow">fellow</span> 是&<span word="ldquo">ldquo</span>;一个脾气乖张的人;<span word="the">the</span> <span word="sweet">sweet</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="sour">sour</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="life">life</span>则指&<span word="ldquo">ldquo</span>;人生苦乐。</p>
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