英语语法中的分词
<p> 英语语法中的分词有现在分词和过去分词两种：</p><p> 现在分词</p><p> 1) 一般式：主动语态：<span word="doing">doing</span> ，被动语态：<span word="being">being</span> + 动词过去分词(表示动作或状态与谓语动词的动作或状态同时发生)</p><p> 2) 完成式：主动语态：<span word="having">having</span> +动词过去分词，被动语态：<span word="having">having</span> <span word="been">been</span> +动词过去分词 (表示动作或状态在谓语动词的动作或状</p><p> 态之前就发生)</p><p> 3) 动名词的否定形式：<span word="not">not</span> + 动名词(<span word="v">v</span>-<span word="ing">ing</span>) <span word="No">No</span> <span word="understanding">understanding</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="meaning">meaning</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="words">words</span>， <span word="he">he</span> <span word="couldn">couldn</span>'<span word="t">t</span> <span word="explain">explain</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="sentence">sentence</span> .</p><p> 4) 用法：</p><p> <span word="A">A</span>. 作表语。<span word="The">The</span> <span word="result">result</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="surprising">surprising</span> .</p><p> <span word="B">B</span>. 作定语。<span word="Developing">Developing</span> <span word="country">country</span> (主谓关系) <span word="sleeping">sleeping</span> <span word="boy">boy</span> (<span word="boy">boy</span> 所做的动作)</p><p> <span word="C">C</span>. 作状语。<span word="Passing">Passing</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="house">house</span>， <span word="he">he</span> <span word="saw">saw</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="girl">girl</span> <span word="playing">playing</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="piano">piano</span> . = <span word="when">when</span> <span word="he">he</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="passing">passing</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="house">house</span> ， <span word="he">he</span> <span word="saw">saw</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="girl">girl</span> <span word="playing">playing</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="piano">piano</span> .</p><p> <span word="D">D</span>. 作宾补。<span word="I">I</span> <span word="found">found</span> <span word="him">him</span> <span word="lying">lying</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="grass">grass</span>.</p><p> 过去分词</p><p> 1) 形式：规则动词+<span word="ed">ed</span>，和不规则动词的过去分词。</p><p> 2)过去分词的否定形式：<span word="not">not</span> + 动词过去分词。</p><p> 3) 用法：</p><p> <span word="A">A</span>. 作表语：<span word="My">My</span> <span word="bike">bike</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="broken">broken</span> . <span word="He">He</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="very">very</span> <span word="worried">worried</span> .</p><p> <span word="B">B</span>. 作定语：<span word="developed">developed</span> <span word="country">country</span>， <span word="fallen">fallen</span> <span word="leaves">leaves</span>， <span word="spoken">spoken</span> <span word="English">English</span> .</p>
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