3月16日 探究馒头在口腔中的变化-学易试卷君之每日一题君下学期七年级生物人教版
题型：选择题※难度：较易
<div><div><p>【题目】某同学做“唾液对淀粉的消化作用”用实验记录如下表，结论错误的是（ ） </p><table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width:100%; border:0.75pt solid #000000; border-collapse:collapse"><tr style="height:16.5pt"><td style="width:74.7pt; border-right-style:solid; border-right-width:0.75pt; border-bottom-style:solid; border-bottom-width:0.75pt; padding:3.38pt 5.03pt; vertical-align:middle"><p>试管</p></td><td style="width:74.7pt; border-right-style:solid; border-right-width:0.75pt; border-left-style:solid; border-left-width:0.75pt; border-bottom-style:solid; border-bottom-width:0.75pt; padding:3.38pt 5.03pt; vertical-align:middle"><p>加入物质</p></td><td style="width:74.7pt; border-right-style:solid; border-right-width:0.75pt; border-left-style:solid; border-left-width:0.75pt; border-bottom-style:solid; border-bottom-width:0.75pt; padding:3.38pt 5.03pt; vertical-align:middle"><p>温度</p></td><td style="width:74.7pt; border-right-style:solid; border-right-width:0.75pt; border-left-style:solid; border-left-width:0.75pt; border-bottom-style:solid; border-bottom-width:0.75pt; padding:3.38pt 5.03pt; vertical-align:middle"><p>时间</p></td><td style="width:74.7pt; border-left-style:solid; border-left-width:0.75pt; border-bottom-style:solid; border-bottom-width:0.75pt; padding:3.38pt 5.03pt; vertical-align:middle"><p>加入碘液</p></td></tr><tr style="height:16.5pt"><td style="border-top-style:solid; border-top-width:0.75pt; border-right-style:solid; border-right-width:0.75pt; border-bottom-style:solid; border-bottom-width:0.75pt; padding:3.38pt 5.03pt; vertical-align:middle"><p>1</p></td><td style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.75pt; padding:3.38pt 5.03pt; vertical-align:middle"><p>淀粉糊+唾液</p></td><td style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.75pt; padding:3.38pt 5.03pt; vertical-align:middle"><p>37℃</p></td><td style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.75pt; padding:3.38pt 5.03pt; vertical-align:middle"><p>5分钟</p></td><td style="border-top-style:solid; border-top-width:0.75pt; border-left-style:solid; border-left-width:0.75pt; border-bottom-style:solid; border-bottom-width:0.75pt; padding:3.38pt 5.03pt; vertical-align:middle"><p>不变蓝</p></td></tr><tr style="height:16.5pt"><td style="border-top-style:solid; border-top-width:0.75pt; border-right-style:solid; border-right-width:0.75pt; border-bottom-style:solid; border-bottom-width:0.75pt; padding:3.38pt 5.03pt; vertical-align:middle"><p>2</p></td><td style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.75pt; padding:3.38pt 5.03pt; vertical-align:middle"><p>淀粉糊+胃液</p></td><td style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.75pt; padding:3.38pt 5.03pt; vertical-align:middle"><p>37℃</p></td><td style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.75pt; padding:3.38pt 5.03pt; vertical-align:middle"><p>5分钟</p></td><td style="border-top-style:solid; border-top-width:0.75pt; border-left-style:solid; border-left-width:0.75pt; border-bottom-style:solid; border-bottom-width:0.75pt; padding:3.38pt 5.03pt; vertical-align:middle"><p>变蓝</p></td></tr><tr style="height:16.5pt"><td style="border-top-style:solid; border-top-width:0.75pt; border-right-style:solid; border-right-width:0.75pt; padding:3.38pt 5.03pt; vertical-align:middle"><p>3</p></td><td style="border-top-style:solid; border-top-width:0.75pt; border-right-style:solid; border-right-width:0.75pt; border-left-style:solid; border-left-width:0.75pt; padding:3.38pt 5.03pt; vertical-align:middle"><p>淀粉糊+唾液</p></td><td style="border-top-style:solid; border-top-width:0.75pt; border-right-style:solid; border-right-width:0.75pt; border-left-style:solid; border-left-width:0.75pt; padding:3.38pt 5.03pt; vertical-align:middle"><p>0℃</p></td><td style="border-top-style:solid; border-top-width:0.75pt; border-right-style:solid; border-right-width:0.75pt; border-left-style:solid; border-left-width:0.75pt; padding:3.38pt 5.03pt; vertical-align:middle"><p>5分钟</p></td><td style="border-top-style:solid; border-top-width:0.75pt; border-left-style:solid; border-left-width:0.75pt; padding:3.38pt 5.03pt; vertical-align:middle"><p>变蓝</p></td></tr></table><p> </p><p> </p><p>A. 比较1与3，得出唾液在适宜的温度下对淀粉有消化作用</p><p>B. 比较1与2，得出胃液对淀粉也有消化作用</p><p>C. 分析1试管，可得出唾液能将淀粉分解成麦芽糖</p><p>D. 本实验中1试管起对照作用</p></div></div>
<div><p>【答案】B</p><p>【解析】对比1号和3号，变量是温度，1号在37℃下，唾液中的淀粉酶能够将淀粉分解成麦芽糖，故加碘液不变蓝；而3号放到0℃下，淀粉没有被分解，故加碘液变蓝色。得出唾液在适宜的温度下对淀粉有消化作用，A正确；表中的1号和2号对照，2号加入碘液变蓝，得出胃液对淀粉无消化作用，B错误；1号试管加碘液不变蓝，说明淀粉被唾液淀粉酶分解成麦芽糖，C正确；对照组是不接受实验变量处理的对象组，本实验中，1试管起对照作用，D正确。</p></div>
题型：选择题
※难度：较易
<div><div><p>【题目】下表为探究“唾液淀粉酶对淀粉的消化作用”的实验设计及记录表，根据实验记录表，下列说法正确的是 （ ）</p><table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width:100%; border:0.75pt solid #000000; border-collapse:collapse"><tr style="height:16.5pt"><td style="width:47.7pt; border-right-style:solid; border-right-width:0.75pt; border-bottom-style:solid; border-bottom-width:0.75pt; padding:3.38pt 5.03pt; vertical-align:middle"><p>试管</p></td><td style="width:153.45pt; border-right-style:solid; border-right-width:0.75pt; border-left-style:solid; border-left-width:0.75pt; border-bottom-style:solid; border-bottom-width:0.75pt; padding:3.38pt 5.03pt; vertical-align:middle"><p>加入的物质</p></td><td style="width:47.7pt; border-right-style:solid; border-right-width:0.75pt; border-left-style:solid; border-left-width:0.75pt; border-bottom-style:solid; border-bottom-width:0.75pt; padding:3.38pt 5.03pt; vertical-align:middle"><p>温度</p></td><td style="width:47.7pt; border-right-style:solid; border-right-width:0.75pt; border-left-style:solid; border-left-width:0.75pt; border-bottom-style:solid; border-bottom-width:0.75pt; padding:3.38pt 5.03pt; vertical-align:middle"><p>试剂</p></td><td style="width:81.45pt; border-left-style:solid; border-left-width:0.75pt; border-bottom-style:solid; border-bottom-width:0.75pt; padding:3.38pt 5.03pt; vertical-align:middle"><p>实验现象</p></td></tr><tr style="height:16.5pt"><td style="border-top-style:solid; border-top-width:0.75pt; border-right-style:solid; border-right-width:0.75pt; border-bottom-style:solid; border-bottom-width:0.75pt; padding:3.38pt 5.03pt; vertical-align:middle"><p>1号</p></td><td style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.75pt; padding:3.38pt 5.03pt; vertical-align:middle"><p>淀粉糊+2毫升唾液</p></td><td style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.75pt; padding:3.38pt 5.03pt; vertical-align:middle"><p>0℃</p></td><td style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.75pt; padding:3.38pt 5.03pt; vertical-align:middle"><p>碘液</p></td><td style="border-top-style:solid; border-top-width:0.75pt; border-left-style:solid; border-left-width:0.75pt; border-bottom-style:solid; border-bottom-width:0.75pt; padding:3.38pt 5.03pt; vertical-align:middle"><p>变蓝</p></td></tr><tr style="height:16.5pt"><td style="border-top-style:solid; border-top-width:0.75pt; border-right-style:solid; border-right-width:0.75pt; border-bottom-style:solid; border-bottom-width:0.75pt; padding:3.38pt 5.03pt; vertical-align:middle"><p>2号</p></td><td style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.75pt; padding:3.38pt 5.03pt; vertical-align:middle"><p>淀粉糊+2毫升唾液</p></td><td style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.75pt; padding:3.38pt 5.03pt; vertical-align:middle"><p>73℃</p></td><td style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.75pt; padding:3.38pt 5.03pt; vertical-align:middle"><p>碘液</p></td><td style="border-top-style:solid; border-top-width:0.75pt; border-left-style:solid; border-left-width:0.75pt; border-bottom-style:solid; border-bottom-width:0.75pt; padding:3.38pt 5.03pt; vertical-align:middle"><p> </p></td></tr><tr style="height:16.5pt"><td style="border-top-style:solid; border-top-width:0.75pt; border-right-style:solid; border-right-width:0.75pt; border-bottom-style:solid; border-bottom-width:0.75pt; padding:3.38pt 5.03pt; vertical-align:middle"><p>3号</p></td><td style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.75pt; padding:3.38pt 5.03pt; vertical-align:middle"><p>淀粉糊+2毫升唾液</p></td><td style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.75pt; padding:3.38pt 5.03pt; vertical-align:middle"><p>37℃</p></td><td style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.75pt; padding:3.38pt 5.03pt; vertical-align:middle"><p>碘液</p></td><td style="border-top-style:solid; border-top-width:0.75pt; border-left-style:solid; border-left-width:0.75pt; border-bottom-style:solid; border-bottom-width:0.75pt; padding:3.38pt 5.03pt; vertical-align:middle"><p>不变蓝</p></td></tr><tr style="height:16.5pt"><td style="border-top-style:solid; border-top-width:0.75pt; border-right-style:solid; border-right-width:0.75pt; padding:3.38pt 5.03pt; vertical-align:middle"><p>4号</p></td><td style="border-top-style:solid; border-top-width:0.75pt; border-right-style:solid; border-right-width:0.75pt; border-left-style:solid; border-left-width:0.75pt; padding:3.38pt 5.03pt; vertical-align:middle"><p>淀粉糊+1毫升清水</p></td><td style="border-top-style:solid; border-top-width:0.75pt; border-right-style:solid; border-right-width:0.75pt; border-left-style:solid; border-left-width:0.75pt; padding:3.38pt 5.03pt; vertical-align:middle"><p>37℃</p></td><td style="border-top-style:solid; border-top-width:0.75pt; border-right-style:solid; border-right-width:0.75pt; border-left-style:solid; border-left-width:0.75pt; padding:3.38pt 5.03pt; vertical-align:middle"><p>碘液</p></td><td style="border-top-style:solid; border-top-width:0.75pt; border-left-style:solid; border-left-width:0.75pt; padding:3.38pt 5.03pt; vertical-align:middle"><p> </p></td></tr></table><p> </p><p> </p><p>A. 1、3号试管不能作为一组对照实验</p><p>B. 2号试管的实验现象是不变蓝</p><p>C. 3号试管的实验现象是因为唾液淀粉酶将淀粉分解</p><p>D. 4号试管设计无误</p></div></div>
<div><p>【答案】C</p><p>【解析】分析表中数据可知，该实验共有三组对照实验：3号试管和1号试管、3号试管和2号试管、3号试管和4号试管。</p><p>若以1、3号试管为一组对照实验，则实验变量是温度，目的是探究高温或低温对唾液淀粉酶活性的影响，A错误；2号试管温度太高，高温影响对唾液淀粉酶的活性，进而影响淀粉的消化作用，因此2号试管的实验现象变蓝，B错误；3号试管的实验现象是因为唾液淀粉酶将淀粉分解，因此滴加碘液不变蓝，C正确；4号试管滴加的清水1毫升，不能保证变量唯一，应该也滴加2毫升，D错误。</p></div>
题型：选择题
※难度：一般
<div><div><p>【题目】在探究“食物在口腔内的消化”时，先向试管中加入适量的馒头碎屑，然后按照如表设计的方案进行实验。下列说法错误的是（ ）</p><table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width:100%; border:0.75pt solid #000000; border-collapse:collapse"><tr style="height:16.5pt"><td style="width:65.7pt; border-right-style:solid; border-right-width:0.75pt; border-bottom-style:solid; border-bottom-width:0.75pt; padding:3.38pt 5.03pt; vertical-align:middle"><p>试管</p></td><td style="width:98.7pt; border-right-style:solid; border-right-width:0.75pt; border-left-style:solid; border-left-width:0.75pt; border-bottom-style:solid; border-bottom-width:0.75pt; padding:3.38pt 5.03pt; vertical-align:middle"><p>①</p></td><td style="width:82.2pt; border-right-style:solid; border-right-width:0.75pt; border-left-style:solid; border-left-width:0.75pt; border-bottom-style:solid; border-bottom-width:0.75pt; padding:3.38pt 5.03pt; vertical-align:middle"><p>②</p></td><td style="width:82.2pt; border-right-style:solid; border-right-width:0.75pt; border-left-style:solid; border-left-width:0.75pt; border-bottom-style:solid; border-bottom-width:0.75pt; padding:3.38pt 5.03pt; vertical-align:middle"><p>③</p></td><td style="width:82.2pt; border-left-style:solid; border-left-width:0.75pt; border-bottom-style:solid; border-bottom-width:0.75pt; padding:3.38pt 5.03pt; vertical-align:middle"><p>④</p></td></tr><tr style="height:16.5pt"><td style="border-top-style:solid; border-top-width:0.75pt; border-right-style:solid; border-right-width:0.75pt; border-bottom-style:solid; border-bottom-width:0.75pt; padding:3.38pt 5.03pt; vertical-align:middle"><p>清水或唾液</p></td><td style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.75pt; padding:3.38pt 5.03pt; vertical-align:middle"><p>2mL清水</p></td><td style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.75pt; padding:3.38pt 5.03pt; vertical-align:middle"><p>2mL唾液</p></td><td style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.75pt; padding:3.38pt 5.03pt; vertical-align:middle"><p>2mL清水</p></td><td style="border-top-style:solid; border-top-width:0.75pt; border-left-style:solid; border-left-width:0.75pt; border-bottom-style:solid; border-bottom-width:0.75pt; padding:3.38pt 5.03pt; vertical-align:middle"><p>2mL唾液</p></td></tr><tr style="height:16.5pt"><td style="border-top-style:solid; border-top-width:0.75pt; border-right-style:solid; border-right-width:0.75pt; padding:3.38pt 5.03pt; vertical-align:middle"><p>温度</p></td><td style="border-top-style:solid; border-top-width:0.75pt; border-right-style:solid; border-right-width:0.75pt; border-left-style:solid; border-left-width:0.75pt; padding:3.38pt 5.03pt; vertical-align:middle"><p>37℃</p></td><td style="border-top-style:solid; border-top-width:0.75pt; border-right-style:solid; border-right-width:0.75pt; border-left-style:solid; border-left-width:0.75pt; padding:3.38pt 5.03pt; vertical-align:middle"><p>37℃</p></td><td style="border-top-style:solid; border-top-width:0.75pt; border-right-style:solid; border-right-width:0.75pt; border-left-style:solid; border-left-width:0.75pt; padding:3.38pt 5.03pt; vertical-align:middle"><p>0℃</p></td><td style="border-top-style:solid; border-top-width:0.75pt; border-left-style:solid; border-left-width:0.75pt; padding:3.38pt 5.03pt; vertical-align:middle"><p>0℃</p></td></tr></table><p> </p><p> </p><p>A. 滴加碘液后不变蓝的是②</p><p>B. ②④对照，可探究温度对淀粉消化的影响作用</p><p>C. ②③不能形成一组对照实验</p><p>D. ③④对照，可探究唾液对淀粉的消化作用</p></div></div>
<div><p>【答案】D</p><p>【解析】淀粉遇碘变蓝色，麦芽糖遇碘不会变蓝。唾液中含有唾液淀粉酶，在条件适宜的情况下能将淀粉分解为麦芽糖，因此②号试管滴加碘液不变蓝，A正确；试管②和试管④的变量是温度，符合对照实验变量唯的原则，探究温度对淀粉消化的影响作用，B正确；试管②和试管③有两个变量是唾液和温度，不符合对照实验变量唯的原则，不能作为对照，C错误；试管③和试管④的唯一变量是唾液，可探究唾液对淀粉的消化作用，D正确。</p></div>
题型：选择题
※难度：一般
<div><div><p>【题目】为探究唾液对淀粉的消化作用，某同学设置如图实验装置，已知试管A实验材料是：淀粉液＋唾液，则试管B实验材料应为</p><p><img src="https://picture.zhihuicn.com/2019/01/04/17/551c673a/SYS201901041718262963506498_ST/SYS201901041718262963506498_ST.001.png" width="127" height="129" alt="" style="-aw-left-pos:0pt; -aw-rel-hpos:column; -aw-rel-vpos:paragraph; -aw-top-pos:0pt; -aw-wrap-type:inline" /></p><p>A. 淀粉液＋碘液</p><p>B. 唾液＋碘液</p><p>C. 淀粉液＋清水</p><p>D. 唾液＋清水</p></div></div>
<div><p>【答案】C</p><p>【解析】要探究唾液对淀粉的消化作用，就应该以唾液为变量设置一组对照实验，除唾液这个条件不同外其它条件都应该相同，即在实验组中加入唾液，相应的对照组中加入等量的清水，所以B试管应该加入淀粉液和清水。<br />故选C。</p></div>
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