安徽省桐城市某重点中学2020-2021学年高二下学期月考生物试卷
※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：较易<br>下列对生命系统结构层次的研究的正确顺序是( )<br>A.细胞→组织→器官→系统→生物体→种群→群落→生物圈→生态系统<br>B.细胞→器官→组织→系统→种群→生物体→群落→生态系统→生物圈<br>C.组织→细胞→器官→生物体→系统→种群→群落→生态系统→生物圈<br>D.细胞→组织→器官→系统→生物体→种群→群落→生态系统→生物圈<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/1/9/2017/796c05f994c54f7c8b3272a925c371a5/01A39E48B8A67989A23F6887F26FCC64.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/1/9/2017/c95db3d69dac410685ff78a18df2c48f/19605E5198FFA0535F65EB6403A2BECE.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：较易<br>原核细胞和真核细胞最明显的区别在于( )<br>A.有无核物质 B.有无细胞质 C.有无核膜 D.有无细胞膜<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/1/9/2018/fd0021ef90d449b49932575a1ce6fc22/06CA09E70C17EF8BA2D3B8C70D693953.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/1/9/2018/1d4b633c3cb44585aba1d7aa5d5987c2/5D1895A8E6ADEFF1A05752361F3FC531.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>下列关于高倍镜使用的描述,错误的是( )<br>A.先在低倍镜下看清楚,再转至高倍镜<br>B.先用粗准焦螺旋调节,再用细准焦螺旋调节<br>C.把视野调亮,图象才清晰<br>D.高倍镜缩小了观察的视野,放大了倍数<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/1/9/2019/fd2ac820886f4c758474e205f8bfbacc/76900E09FAB5EBA344B8EA84E844FF07.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/1/9/2019/ee5f099dd1324fdc8ffcb7a2fc6bdf84/8FA51697EA2076304B969524B79257F4.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：容易<br>下列哪项不是细胞学说的主要内容( )<br>A.一切动植物由细胞及其产物构成<br>B.细胞是生物体相对独立的单位<br>C.细胞可以产生细胞<br>D.细胞分为细胞质、细胞核和细胞膜三大部<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/1/9/2011/e3475950591240eea9be7c92d9913a7a/01A39E48B8A67989A23F6887F26FCC64.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/1/9/2011/6fd67d2efb2a46da843ca95f663ee91e/1F366474DB55048EC8942D6F21E1F310.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：较易<br>组成生物体的各种化学元素中,最基本的元素是( )<br>A.O B.C C.N D.H<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/1/9/2021/953216cc7a95415ab046bd29b9f28c76/76900E09FAB5EBA344B8EA84E844FF07.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/1/9/2021/c84239ca26084a78bd1c75579e15c770/3947842DFB99C0B2DC83F43C6F3F2F26.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>组成糖原、淀粉、纤维素的单体都是( )<br>A.核糖 B.半乳糖 C.葡萄糖 D.脱氧核糖<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/1/9/2020/6ace6b212a324f1eb55347ba5228598d/06CA09E70C17EF8BA2D3B8C70D693953.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/1/9/2020/a6888fce596040f4b7c96b3430a198da/B2E4E3349BB91A562647161093FD323B.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>生物体内的蛋白质千差万别,其原因不可能是( )<br>A.组成肽键的化学元素不同<br>B.组成蛋白质的氨基酸种类和数量不同<br>C.氨基酸排列顺序不同<br>D.蛋白质的空间结构不同<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/1/9/2020/7fe51ee4d5074f2cafe99af9057127dd/E7F0EDF83F40244C8F0C84B97471AED6.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/1/9/2020/9f4081ee85dd409281f6467662680491/D01893252AAEF925B288E8B2624D57F5.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>下列物质不属于脂质的是( )<br>A.维生素D B.胆固醇 C.胰脂肪酶 D.雄性激素<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/1/9/2020/1847b23538074cad90876cfcd460e7ab/06CA09E70C17EF8BA2D3B8C70D693953.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/1/9/2020/ba32f12b06cb4129a6c80fa6a825f53c/BAE5A8AC02D5FCA28BB19ED85998EFEA.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：容易<br>在生物实验中,可以根据与某些化学试剂所产生的颜色反应,检测生物组织中的有关有机化合物的存在。在下列实验列表中,正确的是( )<br><tbody><br>选项<br>待检测的物质<br>使用试剂<br>呈现颜色<br>A<br>苹果中的还原糖<br>斐林试剂<br>橘黄<br>B<br>马铃薯中的淀粉<br>双缩脲试剂<br>蓝色<br>C<br>花生中的脂肪<br>苏丹Ⅳ<br>红色<br>D<br>大豆中的蛋白质<br>斐林试剂<br>紫色<br></tbody><br>A.A B.B C.C D.D<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/1/9/2014/4eaca554630342439178d21639faf2c6/06CA09E70C17EF8BA2D3B8C70D693953.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/1/9/2014/f940d8f6d29f4faab5ca85e8f4d337c1/B9C8E0956D735FC634D36E97BD2DE533.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：较易<br>下列有关细胞内水的功能的叙述中,不正确的是( )<br>A.参与新陈代谢,输送代谢废物 B.储存能量<br>C.是细胞结构的重要组成成分 D.作为良好溶剂<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/1/9/2021/0a50291e9ebd406cbe8df6a1ad87b24f/76900E09FAB5EBA344B8EA84E844FF07.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/1/9/2021/05b1212358114d2fadb54fbdefd16c34/0C4263A5B9DD1EA216A2D7ABD2162C49.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：容易<br>夏季酷暑时分,在室外作业的人们应多饮用( )<br>A.盐汽水 B.牛奶 C.纯净水 D.果汁<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/1/9/2020/879c06acff974d4689f5a1ee9b5c218b/E7F0EDF83F40244C8F0C84B97471AED6.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/1/9/2020/bcd7c1deb7264baf8052c1d0b2ca52a0/3F8FCF073FB7AA2BBA90B5DF3D7CF69E.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：容易<br>成细胞膜的主要成分是( )<br>A.磷脂、蛋白质 B.糖脂、糖蛋白<br>C.蛋白质、无机盐 D.磷脂、蛋白质、核酸<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/1/9/2019/517cd5b789854ae6946aec65f090c1a1/E7F0EDF83F40244C8F0C84B97471AED6.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/1/9/2019/562240953fc8469fb45279bca987777a/F8A46B4E6B93D897084DBFC8095AD5B4.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>在唾液腺细胞中,参与合成并分泌唾液淀粉酶的细胞器有( )<br>A.线粒体、中心体、高尔基体、内质网<br>B.内质网、核糖体、叶绿体、高尔基体<br>C.核糖体、内质网、高尔基体、线粒体<br>D.内质网、核糖体、高尔基体、中心体<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/1/9/2020/98adb4461a83427c88da89d41d5c8e70/06CA09E70C17EF8BA2D3B8C70D693953.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/1/9/2020/832ed1a1cc5449caa82ac2769f87638a/5D56F1BDBE0E5980CFAC7FD6EA14DAF9.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>质壁分离实验中的“质”和“壁”分别是指( )<br>A.细胞质、细胞壁 B.原生质层、细胞壁<br>C.细胞质基质、细胞壁 D.原生质、细胞壁<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/1/9/2021/a6c6c7c72d044bcf972e49d0b6435a04/76900E09FAB5EBA344B8EA84E844FF07.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/1/9/2021/b817131acc044517bcac3daa6f0baebb/992E387F654180FD0BA8C7CB5FD54B95.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：较易<br>物质出入细胞的方式中,自由扩散区别于协助扩散的是( )<br>A.由高浓度向低浓度扩散 B.需要载体<br>C.由低浓度向高浓度扩散 D.不需要载体<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/1/9/2019/45ea219cfeb0473986fb99932c18322e/01A39E48B8A67989A23F6887F26FCC64.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/1/9/2019/868a695281da4f26a5b10e774893e2f3/933EF5F19EBDB34B83457D149A32A4D7.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：较易<br>在ATP分子中很容易断裂和重新形成的化学键是( )<br>A.靠近腺苷的高能磷酸键<br>B.腺苷与相邻磷酸基之间的键<br>C.远离腺苷的高能磷酸键<br>D.以上三键<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/1/9/2019/f6b74774ec994b319cc442c149b08e65/06CA09E70C17EF8BA2D3B8C70D693953.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/1/9/2019/831315cb4e564ef5ae22436847e3cdeb/446C892415F34E29D09BAC63849670F1.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：较易<br>生物体的贮能物质、主要能源物质、直接能源物质依次是( )<br>A.脂肪、糖类和ATP B.脂质、蛋白质和ATP<br>C.脂肪、糖类和ADP D.糖类、脂肪和ATP<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/1/9/2019/e7ba3912d1534d59b9840b6935eea909/E7F0EDF83F40244C8F0C84B97471AED6.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/1/9/2019/7429ddced50e4d2d93aaff35202d7896/35AC966BB25C5F6F4C9AFC41AEF7C548.png"><br><br>※题型：判断题※知识点：判断题※试题难度：较易<br>DNA<br>特有的碱基是<br>U<br>(尿嘧啶)。<br>______<br>(判断对错)<br><br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/1/9/2021/616f8b23e6a24f5b86453d5490297335/1BF6542C45D8F9CAF60E902F8E776A20.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/1/9/2021/1a97803ebb2d43c49dc87c1c0de00b77/A9F1BA64B4D076C073CD672B42F5D24E.png"><br><br>※题型：判断题※知识点：判断题※试题难度：较易<br>细胞中含量最多的化合物是蛋白质。<br>______<br>(判断对错)<br><br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/1/9/2015/ea29e03bc9bb40cb89740c46947a62cb/1BF6542C45D8F9CAF60E902F8E776A20.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/1/9/2015/80b94f3ce1184230b7ef15c514929d23/FC0969C2BF3C75F97336831101C9DDE7.png"><br><br>※题型：判断题※知识点：判断题※试题难度：中等<br>所有活细胞均能发生质壁分离现象。<br>______<br>(判断对错)<br><br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/1/9/2021/15accd7532f44d63ad196a54cc7fbdcd/1BF6542C45D8F9CAF60E902F8E776A20.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/1/9/2021/7a57d8b64a594aab82ffc04be5f7823a/CB84C50E1F53DC924F408A684FD4E992.png"><br><br>※题型：判断题※知识点：判断题※试题难度：较易<br>同无机催化剂相比,<br>酶降低<br>反应活化能的作用更显著,因而催化效率更高。<br>______<br>(判断对错)<br><br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/1/9/2021/8b2048dcff544b5fb5d4aed0d2eb02b7/1571767E7D00EDF0367E5DB18F5CF334.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/1/9/2021/0b4df234e24b437fbf1cb9a89c82c800/16C00E03308B3B3B730FBA91608222EC.png"><br><br>※题型：判断题※知识点：判断题※试题难度：较易<br>原核细胞没有任何细胞器。<br>______<br>(判断对错)<br><br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/1/9/2021/f383bef720bd4fc9af2f89bcef7b3b76/1BF6542C45D8F9CAF60E902F8E776A20.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/1/9/2021/65116e7fee014f5abd6a87f2b368a312/E13B42F90EDCEE435ACEB8DDF2B324A8.png"><br><br>※题型：判断题※知识点：判断题※试题难度：中等<br>DNA<br>主要分布在细胞核内,<br>RNA<br>只分布在细胞质中<br>______<br>。(判断对错)<br><br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/1/9/2021/9a4f0ba8368d47819c2c47cf106c96ca/1BF6542C45D8F9CAF60E902F8E776A20.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/1/9/2021/179d76c8039047168ff417e851bc258c/3B2A13022F2E0CA0A119AAEE41704253.png"><br><br>※题型：判断题※知识点：判断题※试题难度：较易<br>脂质中的胆固醇是对生物体有害的物质。<br>______<br>(判断对错)<br><br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/1/9/2021/fe181c5ee1814e60985a51bd6a370263/1BF6542C45D8F9CAF60E902F8E776A20.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/1/9/2021/565219ce77614662ab076d3622395dbf/D94AD227D63BEF5B2DDDF1F9E831415A.png"><br><br>※题型：判断题※知识点：判断题※试题难度：较易<br>细胞内各种细胞器之间各司其职,互不联系。<br>______<br>(判断对错)<br><br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/1/9/2021/a6fbc3b7bb58491781082a7d44bca592/1BF6542C45D8F9CAF60E902F8E776A20.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/1/9/2021/9b3eed00b8e44b5284bcfc75a098b487/7910EF55EDCEE150B7B34B855581399A.png"><br><br>※题型：判断题※知识点：判断题※试题难度：较易<br>用苏丹<br>Ⅲ<br>染液对花生子叶染色后,在显微镜下能够看到橘黄色的脂肪颗粒。<br>______<br>(判断对错)<br><br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/1/9/2021/545e5fa137044346a9ee54b7ab57fda3/1BF6542C45D8F9CAF60E902F8E776A20.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/1/9/2021/cac5d2693a0c4305ab8325805248b172/5A49B8AD3908E9622A3797095ACF7DF9.png"><br><br>※题型：判断题※知识点：判断题※试题难度：较易<br>细胞膜是选择透过性膜。<br>______<br>(判断对错)<br><br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/1/9/2021/12b17265fcb244e99a9933ec09bf874c/1571767E7D00EDF0367E5DB18F5CF334.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/1/9/2021/20bc29ad984e413797032924f8751ee4/D6F579817494B5665F0E3C1BA12C2F48.png"><br><br>※题型：读图填空题※知识点：读图填空题※试题难度：中等<br>如图所示某化合物的结构式,据图回答:<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/1/2011/6/30/46CACEB2E27D1A553439110C588F6395.png"><br>1.该化合物中有个氨基和个羧基。<br>2.该化合物有种氨基酸。<br>3.该化合物是由个氨基酸失去分子水而形成的,肽键的编号是。<br>4.请写出氨基酸的结构通式:______。<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/1/9/2011/f83a84b02de64988932768ea94ce27b6/A8AD333F03BBAE534AD687A0C459F972.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/1/9/2011/441d83e9e24747f6bd4ebfd4c52a61c8/639C48C3DB5B56AC7B53EC9D355C60C5.png"><br><br>※题型：读图填空题※知识点：读图填空题※试题难度：较易<br>如图为物质出入细胞膜的示意图,<br>请据图<br>回答:<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/1/2010/11/16/14754F6135B6AD8B616AAC692D829376.png"><br>1.A代表分子;B代表;D代表。<br>2.细胞膜的功能特点是。<br>3.在a~e的五种过程中,代表主动运输的是。<br>4.分泌蛋白排出细胞的方式为。<br>5.可能代表氧气转运过程的是图中编号;葡萄糖由肠腔进入小肠上皮细胞的过程是图中编号。<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/1/9/2010/94f005cf82a34cd1966fcf15cf167f83/C6E4BF365B849492B55081224CDF0437.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/1/9/2010/80b1a5409b664114914e229486c67716/4FDAFCB5516DC90495031B36787D29AA.png"><br><br>
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