2020-2021学年高一生物苏教版必修二随堂检测（4）基因的自由组合定律
※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>豌豆高茎(G)对矮茎(g)为显性,种子形状圆粒(R)对皱粒(r)为显性,这两对相对性状的遗传遵循基因自由组合定律.下列杂交组合中,后代出现两种表现型的是( ) A.GGrr×ggRR B.GgRr×GGRR C.GGRr×ggrr D.GgRr×Ggrr<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/1/9/2021/f200a87ae119400d86eea5495dfcd010/06CA09E70C17EF8BA2D3B8C70D693953.png"><br>解析<br>略<br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>如图所示为孟德尔两对相对性状的遗传学实验的图解,请判断下列有关说法,不正确的是( )<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/1/2019/10/24/6F2D6714BCCC26733E4F516AAF70C373.png"><br>A.通过F<sub>1</sub>或F<sub>2</sub>的表现型均可判断黄圆是显性性状<br>B.F<sub>1</sub>测交也会出现像F<sub>2</sub>那样比例一样的4种表现型<br>C.可以推测出F<sub>2</sub>自交后代中,相关表现型的比例<br>D.在F<sub>2</sub>中与F<sub>1</sub>基因型一致的个体占1/4<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/1/9/2019/6b8a64cada814890b74b40ff03ec110f/76900E09FAB5EBA344B8EA84E844FF07.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/1/9/2019/9d5da6d759984621b853f6592743fdf4/AC0B01E741C5E919C9893D0671C1BD66.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>孟德尔的豌豆杂交实验中,将纯种的黄色圆粒(YYRR)豌豆与纯种的绿色皱粒(yyrr)豌豆杂交。F<sub>2</sub>种子有556粒。从理论上推测,F<sub>2</sub>种子中基因型和个体数相符的是( )<br><tbody><br>选项<br>A<br>B<br>C<br>D<br>基因型<br>YYRR<br>yyrr<br>YyRr<br>yyKr<br>个体数/粒<br>315<br>70<br>140<br>35<br></tbody><br>A.A B.B C.C D.D<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/1/9/2020/f201ee0d34fb4278b7febc34dba1a349/06CA09E70C17EF8BA2D3B8C70D693953.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/1/9/2020/68abfaa479034e03b65d3996f0a3240a/0E4E1A4F53D0060130972FD064AC0DE8.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>如图表示基因在染色体上的分布情况,其中不遵循基因自由组合定律的相关基因是( )<br>A.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/1/2021/2/22/271B0E93A724384B36032676F77E271D.png"><br>B.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/1/2021/2/22/1933283DCBA4597639917CE07D12924D.png"><br>C.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/1/2021/2/22/411A7511BD5D5A64303D5126B067B8F4.png"><br>D.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/1/2021/2/22/35DB3611E68D11B2571A27E6A241C0CD.png"><br><br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/1/9/2021/a6776f463d23442fa4f671951e8ef8d2/E7F0EDF83F40244C8F0C84B97471AED6.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/1/9/2021/b24534ac6b1c40d0b71877ab6e498b7a/C5BFA8446C11CAE5C57BE7695F10CB8F.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：较易<br>基因型为AaBb的个体自交,若后代性状分离比为9︰3︰3︰1,则应满足的条件有( )<br>①A、a基因与B、b基因分别位于两对同源染色体上②A、a和B、b基因分别控制一对相对性状③该个体产生的雌雄配子各有4种,比例为1︰1︰1︰1④AaBb自交产生的后代生存机会相等⑤AaBb自交时4种类型的雌雄配子的结合是随机的A.①②③ B.②③④ C.①②④ D.①②③④⑤<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/1/9/2020/fb50f9ed9bcb47fc8d7f51551a7f967c/01A39E48B8A67989A23F6887F26FCC64.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/1/9/2020/d7b7b675610b4b118e8a6524cba11d43/61D5447DF57DF612555E21CF3D136F48.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>如图是同种生物4个个体的细胞示意图,其中A对a为显性、B对b为显性。哪两个图示的生物体杂交,后代出现4种表型,6种基因型( )<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/1/2020/12/29/B1D2E30E78291A6395D68B09CFD087CC.png"><br>A.图甲和图丙 B.图甲和图丁 C.图乙和图丙 D.图乙和图丁<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/1/9/2020/5cdc1f29581d4a799f040c9ad48d9280/06CA09E70C17EF8BA2D3B8C70D693953.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/1/9/2020/f3720dd1e3c74cd0a9460ff4b734a52e/3B661716E06DAB180FBDA5CD3480F1B0.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：较易<br>如图是人类某些遗传病的系谱图,不涉及基因突变的情况下,下列根据图谱作出的判断中,错误的是( )<img A.图谱①一定是常染色体隐性遗传病<br>B.图谱②一定是显性遗传病<br>C.图谱③一定不是细胞质遗传病<br>D.图谱④一定是X染色体隐性遗传病<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/1/9/2021/ac3e636e626949009b1c870da0b2090a/2BB966A0E0D0EF1A330D14E3ADEDA5C5.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/1/9/2021/6c80adf961d24fec813a5c046e15b2f1/D89B428CD942758595D1A66C14140811.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：容易<br>下列关于伴X染色体隐性遗传病的特点的叙述,错误的是( )<br>A.患者中男性多于女性<br>B.父亲正常,女儿一定正常<br>C.女儿患病,父亲一定患病<br>D.具有代代相传的特点<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/1/9/2019/6f445e5f5f3f434cb72cf66c2a2883c9/2BB966A0E0D0EF1A330D14E3ADEDA5C5.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/1/9/2019/2b0a8652428b41a2ae3b498aa871fada/E85ADB8890140898D669F1A363C1175F.png"><br><br>
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