admins 发表于 2021-8-20 23:27:45

甘肃省天水市武山县三校2020-2021学年高二上学期期中联考生物试卷

※题型:单选题※知识点:单选题※试题难度:容易<br>下列各组中属于相对性状的是(&nbsp;&nbsp;)<br>A.棉花纤维的粗与长&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;B.豌豆的紫花和红花<br>C.狗的白毛和鼠的褐毛&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;D.玉米的圆粒和黄粒<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/1/9/2015/8a44a771a5cd4d59b87cf0922a41b1bf/76900E09FAB5EBA344B8EA84E844FF07.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/1/9/2015/f28b181822374466a88d492cd38cd67a/344FC71FFC360D941148C078D27A508E.png"><br><br>※题型:单选题※知识点:单选题※试题难度:较易<br>豌豆在自然状态下是纯种的原因是(&nbsp;)<br>A.豌豆品种间性状差异大<br>B.豌豆先开花后授粉<br>C.豌豆是闭花自花授粉的植物<br>D.豌豆是自花传粉的植物<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/1/9/2014/e1342f73792543a8a904d0201e65cdec/06CA09E70C17EF8BA2D3B8C70D693953.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/1/9/2014/024d2544d1314a948edff688861fe8f9/8465595EF5C671E54EF9723BAD2707E3.png"><br><br>※题型:单选题※知识点:单选题※试题难度:容易<br>下列属于等位基因的是(&nbsp;&nbsp;)<br>A.A与b&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;B.Y与y&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;C.E与E&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;D.f与f<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/1/9/2011/e493021bbb6a42b99a67bae21233676d/76900E09FAB5EBA344B8EA84E844FF07.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/1/9/2011/6fbf98bb4f7b42a8998761d4662144fd/0A5303C53AEDD46FE6A4A5F5D53D7557.png"><br><br>※题型:单选题※知识点:单选题※试题难度:容易<br>在减数分裂过程中染色体数目减半发生在(&nbsp;)<br>A.减数第一次分裂&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;B.减数第二次分裂<br>C.减数分裂间期&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;D.减数分裂末期<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/1/9/2014/0cfed9acbdd74227ad4ad0d42aae5e56/E7F0EDF83F40244C8F0C84B97471AED6.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/1/9/2014/ee4bf46f165640a9bd16ca57509690b2/7001533AEB69F7D6216C7195A25C3A91.png"><br><br>※题型:单选题※知识点:单选题※试题难度:中等<br>白化病是一种常染色体上的隐形遗传病,一个基因型为Aa的母亲和患病父亲婚配,生出患病女儿的概率是(&nbsp;)<br>A.50%&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;B.25%&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;C.75%&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;D.100%<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/1/9/2020/66a7da12608b4ff78902a663972fca26/76900E09FAB5EBA344B8EA84E844FF07.png"><br>解析<br>略<br>※题型:单选题※知识点:单选题※试题难度:较易<br>下列有关肺炎双球菌转化实验的说法中,不正确的是(&nbsp;)<br>A.包括体内转化实验和体外转化实验<br>B.R型细菌有毒性,S型细菌没有毒性<br>C.R型细菌在与被加热杀死的S型细菌混合后,可转化为S型活细菌<br>D.R型细菌转化为S型细菌,是由于S型细菌DNA作用的结果<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/1/9/2018/96028bdcb8d945e6b7c7228985731295/76900E09FAB5EBA344B8EA84E844FF07.png"><br>解析<br>略<br>※题型:单选题※知识点:单选题※试题难度:中等<br>DNA分子复制时解旋酶作用于下列哪一结构(&nbsp;)<br>A.五碳糖—A&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;B.P-五碳糖&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;C.A-U&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;D.G-C<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/1/9/2020/54ec5ae4eea442e5b22bcad19937128e/01A39E48B8A67989A23F6887F26FCC64.png"><br>解析<br>略<br>※题型:单选题※知识点:单选题※试题难度:较易<br>一个DNA中有1000个碱基对,其中腺嘌呤占碱基总数的20%,如果连续复制两次,参加到复制过程中的游离脱氧核苷酸中的C碱基总数是(&nbsp;)<br>A.600&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;B.1200&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;C.1800&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;D.2400<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/1/9/2014/2153ba64790b454fb704145b3e3ddb45/06CA09E70C17EF8BA2D3B8C70D693953.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/1/9/2014/fab94bf72c654c18805c8f11e003828c/0135F2FC8139D1D92501AED702061816.png"><br><br>※题型:单选题※知识点:单选题※试题难度:中等<br>下列关于基因和染色体关系的叙述,正确的是(&nbsp;)<br>A.基因全部在染色体<br>B.基因在染色体上呈线性排列<br>C.一条染色体上有一个基因<br>D.染色体就是由其因组成的<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/1/9/2020/39ec4d2893c74639a5dc551c87337e41/76900E09FAB5EBA344B8EA84E844FF07.png"><br>解析<br>略<br>※题型:单选题※知识点:单选题※试题难度:中等<br>用<sup>32</sup>P和<sup>35</sup>S分别标记噬菌体的DNA和蛋白质外壳,然后用这种噬菌体去侵染大肠杆菌,则新形成的第一代噬菌体中(&nbsp;&nbsp;)<br>A.含<sup>32</sup>P和<sup>35</sup>S&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;B.不含<sup>32</sup>P和<sup>35</sup>S<br>C.含<sup>32</sup>P,不含<sup>35</sup>S&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;D.含<sup>35</sup>S,不含<sup>32</sup>P<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/1/9/2020/af7bb10664ed417499ba7e8d77fd0ba8/06CA09E70C17EF8BA2D3B8C70D693953.png"><br>解析<br>略<br>※题型:单选题※知识点:单选题※试题难度:容易<br>下列有关DNA分子复制的叙述,错误的是(&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;)<br>A.复制需要氨基酸和酶<br>B.边解旋边复制<br>C.复制主要场所是细胞核<br>D.复制遵循碱基互补配对原则<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/1/9/2015/19113f7003bf459a9c1e29370d7db648/E7F0EDF83F40244C8F0C84B97471AED6.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/1/9/2015/1c8f9a36ce1e42358b630e21aa92cf40/9E875440DD28D161813B73A45B390D37.png"><br><br>※题型:单选题※知识点:单选题※试题难度:较易<br>某一个DNA分子中含有30%的G+C,则由它转录成的RNA中G+C应为(&nbsp;)<br>A.60%&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;B.30%&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;C.20%&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;D.15%<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/1/9/2011/94f5df4f4ac14078ac8a605283f14c72/76900E09FAB5EBA344B8EA84E844FF07.png"><br>解析<br>略<br>※题型:单选题※知识点:单选题※试题难度:较易<br>DNA分子的复制、转录和翻译分别形成(&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;)<br>A.DNA、RNA、蛋白质&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;B.DNA、RNA、氨基酸<br>C.DNA、RNA、核糖体&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;D.核苷酸、RNA、蛋白质<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/1/9/2019/19d34541ed6a40fcb8e773f7aeb50d5b/E7F0EDF83F40244C8F0C84B97471AED6.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/1/9/2019/441f0daea6524b5e8407d980f4c23571/DF0628C3B0A96DAAE0848EDE1D559116.png"><br><br>※题型:单选题※知识点:单选题※试题难度:中等<br>若DNA分子中一条链的碱基A:C:T:G=1:2:3:4,则另一条链上A:C:T:G的值为(&nbsp;)<br>A.1:2:3:4&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;B.3:4:1:2&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;C.4:3:2:1&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;D.1:3:2:4<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/1/9/2019/da57e1e162674f829185003ba76dff0b/76900E09FAB5EBA344B8EA84E844FF07.png"><br>解析<br>略<br>※题型:单选题※知识点:单选题※试题难度:中等<br>下列哪项不是DNA复制所必需的(&nbsp;)<br>A.模板DNA&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;B.A、T、C、G4种碱基<br>C.ATP&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;D.DNA解旋酶<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/1/9/2018/faa28f4e8d73462c8a1df6e82890f78a/76900E09FAB5EBA344B8EA84E844FF07.png"><br>解析<br>略<br>※题型:单选题※知识点:单选题※试题难度:容易<br>一个转运RNA的一端三个碱基是CGA,此转运RNA转运的氨基酸是(&nbsp;)<br>A.精氨酸(密码子CGA)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;B.酪氨酸(密码子UAU)<br>C.丙氨酸(密码子GCU)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;D.谷氨酸(密码子GAG)<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/1/9/2014/0426141b00574efe80ca8823bd230c17/06CA09E70C17EF8BA2D3B8C70D693953.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/1/9/2014/6ab9e9c0d7f34818ac2f3404dcf8ad10/73DDC5CB6714330FD02671F0C5AF9E00.png"><br><br>※题型:单选题※知识点:单选题※试题难度:中等<br>在动、植物细胞中都不可能发生的是(&nbsp;)<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/1/2020/12/17/D9FE81C8A825E16C55B5ACDF97086E23.png"><br>A.①②③&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;B.①②④&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;C.③⑤⑥&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;D.③④⑥<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/1/9/2020/74f426b9186546aabcfb3b0850b9f514/01A39E48B8A67989A23F6887F26FCC64.png"><br>解析<br>略<br>※题型:单选题※知识点:单选题※试题难度:较易<br>性染色体存在于(&nbsp;)<br>A.精子&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;B.卵细胞<br>C.体细胞&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;D.以上三种细胞<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/1/9/2015/d0991bd2268c4749a0cbbe37a7f810b3/01A39E48B8A67989A23F6887F26FCC64.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/1/9/2015/c57a2ae947bd47429b2e381769cf1cd3/66CEBF9FA938C371446FF2657998A9C0.png"><br><br>※题型:单选题※知识点:单选题※试题难度:中等<br>下列不属于“翻译”过程中碱基配对的是(&nbsp;)<br>A.A-T&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;B.A-U&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;C.C-G&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;D.G-C<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/1/9/2020/a9aac98595ca4ed096ebb02067fc10fe/E7F0EDF83F40244C8F0C84B97471AED6.png"><br>解析<br>略<br>※题型:单选题※知识点:单选题※试题难度:中等<br>若A和a、B和b分别是两对同源染色体,下列哪四个精子来自同一个初级精母细胞(&nbsp;)<br>A.Ab、Ab、ab、ab&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;B.aB、Ab、AB、AB<br>C.Ab、Ab、aB、Ab&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;D.AB、AB、Ab、aB<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/1/9/2020/80b66af862e34e40a1d88e929a7206fe/06CA09E70C17EF8BA2D3B8C70D693953.png"><br>解析<br>略<br>※题型:单选题※知识点:单选题※试题难度:中等<br>组成人体蛋白质的20种氨基酸对应的密码子共有(&nbsp;)<br>A.4&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;B.20&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;C.61&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;D.64<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/1/9/2018/0e6519b92e0a493a83e0e4e0229c2f0b/06CA09E70C17EF8BA2D3B8C70D693953.png"><br>解析<br>略<br>※题型:单选题※知识点:单选题※试题难度:较易<br>噬菌体侵染细菌的正确顺序是(&nbsp;)<br>A.吸附→注入→复制→组装→释放<br>B.注入→吸附→释放→组装→复制<br>C.复制→组装→释放→吸附→注入<br>D.吸附→注入→组装→复制→释放<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/1/9/2014/97bb3154b92742e7b0db6351b68fe52f/E7F0EDF83F40244C8F0C84B97471AED6.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/1/9/2014/ac08c8a1927647b7956d67b48d1e2239/7DB9D9262FD62A326E00C1B9D1F1A370.png"><br><br>※题型:单选题※知识点:单选题※试题难度:中等<br>下列关于基因、蛋白质和性状三者的关系的叙述中不正确的是(&nbsp;)<br>A.蛋白质的结构可以直接影响性状<br>B.蛋白质的功能可以影响性状<br>C.基因可以通过酶的合成直接控制生物的性状<br>D.基因与性状并不都是简单的线性关系<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/1/9/2020/d056b8370dea48d495b278525fb32273/06CA09E70C17EF8BA2D3B8C70D693953.png"><br>解析<br>略<br>※题型:读图填空题※知识点:读图填空题※试题难度:中等<br>根据下图<br>分析并回答下面的问题。<br><img1.图甲所示为遗传信息的过程。<br>2.图乙为的结构示意图。如果图乙中的反密码子为UAG,则对应的密码子是,转录出该密码子的基因模板链上对应的碱基是。一个mRNA上决定氨基酸的密码子最多有种。<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/1/9/2020/15717c8853464c619b5a624cc2887cd7/A9B9385BDB22D73C569D1B1666F22C94.png"><br>解析<br>略<br>※题型:读图填空题※知识点:读图填空题※试题难度:中等<br>下图中甲、乙、丙分别表示某动物(假设含有两对同源染色体)的三个正在进行分裂的细胞,请回答:<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/1/2020/12/17/7377CA502BA62043928A49403123821B.png"><br>1.图中甲细胞处于期,此细胞含有对同源染色体,含有条姐妹染色单体。<br>2.图中乙细胞处于期,该细胞的名称是,染色体的行为变化是。<br>3.图中丙细胞处于期,DNA与染色体数之比为2:1的图是。<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/1/9/2020/d4bd3e586e314aec876a158c4bedb64e/797FB9D62229A02BB5612124F90FD577.png"><br>解析<br>略<br>※题型:读图填空题※知识点:读图填空题※试题难度:中等<br>如图所示为豌豆的一对相对性状遗传实验过程图解,请回答下列问题:<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/1/2020/12/17/25852FD409AAB6AE7F1AB3CA294AC7F8.png"><br>1.在该实验的亲本中,父本是,母本是。<br>2.操作①叫,操作②叫。<br>3.红花(A)对白花(a)为显性,则杂种种子种下去后,长出的豌豆植株所开的花为色。<br>4.若亲本皆为纯合子,让F<sub>1</sub>进行自交,F<sub>2</sub>性状中红花与白花之比为,F<sub>2</sub>的遗传因子组成类型有,且比例为。<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/1/9/2020/c41119b7e5b743d29502091f89a65ba3/3808D037F6DE04E4B7ED8AF815E3A62B.png"><br>解析<br>略<br>
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