2020-2021学年高一生物人教版（2019）寒假提前学（1）
※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>孟德尔为了验证他对性状分离现象的解释,做了如图所示的实验,此实验可称为( )<imgA.正交实验 B.反交实验 C.自交实验 D.测交实验<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/1/9/2019/88dd364d32b94620a4cdf4dff6fadb87/2BB966A0E0D0EF1A330D14E3ADEDA5C5.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/1/9/2019/4ce29b8fb53b4c8d90d52a9bc48e149e/214A8D7F8C7EECB941D04869D6CAB10B.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>豌豆的红花和白花是一对相对性状。用一株开红花的植株和一株开白花的植株作亲本进行杂交,<img 的性状及其比例为:红花:白花=1:1.据此可作出的判断是( )<br>A.这对相对性状只能由一对等位基因控制<br>B.红花一定为显性性状,白花一定为隐性性状<br>C.红花亲本一定是杂合子,白花亲本一定是纯合子<br>D.杂合亲本在形成配子时,一定有等位基因的分离<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/1/9/2020/f953429a527a494db15271c3acff791e/D9A7E0722DAB5479A60928D5B8864BC6.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/1/9/2020/d1c92e5f6a884594a208c6e289131963/3C76525E0A04EB3D134998FDB0C6D94C.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>小麦的矮茎和高茎为相对性状。下列杂交实验中能判定性状显隐性关系的是( )<br>A.高茎×高茎一高茎<br>B.高茎×高茎一301高茎+101矮茎<br>C.矮茎×矮茎一矮茎<br>D.高茎×矮茎一98高茎+107矮茎<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/1/9/2020/016f7a6369cd4f03aa23f76d296dd466/CB10E80A5A739A58F1312BA12F379467.png"><br>解析<br>略<br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>蜜蜂中雌蜂(蜂王和工蜂)由受精卵发育而来,雄蜂由未受精的卵细胞发育而来。蜜蜂的体色褐色(B)对黑色(b)为显性。现有褐色雄蜂与黑色雌蜂杂交,则F<sub>1</sub>蜜蜂的体色是( )<br>A.全部是褐色<br>B.蜂王和工蜂都是褐色,雄蜂都是黑色<br>C.褐色∶黑色=3∶1<br>D.蜂王和工蜂都是黑色,雄蜂都是褐色<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/1/9/2020/088d9afa73b44ba3b41d66cba3b68620/CB10E80A5A739A58F1312BA12F379467.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/1/9/2020/c8edd3c149044c208191cd6194bbaf11/16C8F94ED4DE4F9E626A480B5A9A3BE3.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>科学家利用小鼠进行杂交实验,结果为①黄鼠×黑鼠→黄:黑=2378:2398;②黄鼠×黄鼠→黄:黑=2396:1235。下列有关分析不正确的是( )<br>A.实验①能判断小鼠皮毛颜色的显隐性<br>B.实验①中亲本黄鼠均是杂合子<br>C.实验②中亲本小鼠均不是纯合子<br>D.纯合的黄色小鼠可能在胚胎期死亡<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/1/9/2020/fa88e2932626450686fd9172039c13ab/E7F0EDF83F40244C8F0C84B97471AED6.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/1/9/2020/389da1fe7701413ca6d6642c4fc64c01/3D2B3C94F1A310E5B822A15DEEC9F615.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>如图为羊的毛色(黑色和白色)的遗传图解,则下列判断错误的是( )<imgA.白色为显性性状<br>B.4号为杂合子的概率为1/2<br>C.F<sub>2</sub>的结果表明发生了性状分离<br>D.7号与4号的基因型不一定相同<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/1/9/2020/7a2136ff28de4f84b30775ec433559f3/CB10E80A5A739A58F1312BA12F379467.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/1/9/2020/32a15894db0a40159b50c02e27df9be8/929A18772D32899DC1BA9128BF2700AC.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：较易<br>黄色猫与黄色猫杂交,子一代中黄猫与黑猫的比例为3:1(显性基因用A表示,隐性基因用a表示),若用子代黄猫与子代黑猫交配,得子二代黄猫与黑猫的比例是( )<br>A.3:1 B.2:1<br>C.1:1 D.1:0<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/1/9/2020/0a283271a6a245aab8b683888698eecb/CB10E80A5A739A58F1312BA12F379467.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/1/9/2020/240ba83f3ef74a258b73b0c8585dfb6e/AE4E99211FA4C2B65CCA756475C0C103.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：较易<br>下列各项实验中应采取的最佳交配方法分别是( )<br>①不断提高水稻品种的纯合度②鉴别一株小麦是否为纯合子<br>③鉴别一只白兔是否为纯合子④鉴别一对相对性状的显隐性关系<br>A.杂交、测交、自交、自交<br>B.杂交、测交、自交、杂交<br>C.自交、自交、测交、杂交<br>D.测交、测交、杂交、自交<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/1/9/2020/fbd241526bc74675b5847d435a807f6a/F3FFF02E67737AECAA5F9376DCA7D618.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/1/9/2020/41d4c020d9af470fa7b148c3f9930c66/C018ABBB8B20CAB4B801027D7CB76467.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>人的前额V形发尖与平发际是由常染色体上单基因控制的一对相对性状(如图)。明明是平发际,他的父母亲都是V形发尖。明明父母生一个平发际男孩的概率是( )<imgA.1/4 B.1/8 C.1/16 D.1/2<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/1/9/2020/e0c0c31cd4cd4937a4df6ff8bdac6dbe/CB10E80A5A739A58F1312BA12F379467.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/1/9/2020/e68ed89287a741cf9dbbfa3eba0f6693/A925242E702A51CF794601BAD174D907.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：较易<br>现有一株高茎(显性)豌豆甲,要确定甲的基因型,最简便易行的办法是( )<br>A.让甲豌豆进行自花传粉,子代中若有矮茎出现,则甲为杂合子<br>B.选另一株矮茎豌豆与甲杂交,子代若都表现为高茎,则甲为纯合子<br>C.让甲与多株高茎豌豆杂交,子代中若高、矮茎之比接近3∶1,则甲为杂合子<br>D.选另一株矮茎豌豆与甲杂交,子代中若有矮茎出现,则甲为杂合子<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/1/9/2020/e5c604e6072b47339d689a75bd875721/C6DD893B0461FAD877175A7ECBBD5939.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/1/9/2020/462f1c0b3b684d98857267301954f9a3/B92C610CC734891395CA444DD642A27E.png"><br><br>
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