2019-2020学年高中生物人教版必修二同步训练：（8）DNA是主要的遗传物质
※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>在肺炎双球菌的转化实验中,将加热杀死的S型细菌与R型细菌混合后,注射到小鼠体内,小鼠死亡,则小鼠体内S型细菌、R型细菌含量变化情况最可能是( )<br>A.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/1/2014/8/30/50C964ACD90259CC5F2FD4FEC9184F91.png"><br>B.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/1/2014/8/30/1D7144C9FDEEFFBF7F9C11FC367DD336.png"><br>C.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/1/2014/8/30/B231F46D9CCD409F382FF1A13859D052.png"><br>D.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/1/2014/8/30/557937D7C6D217FE2F25D8A018DCBBBB.png"><br><br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/1/9/2014/f4fb4ab8ecc84281a350ff95c69441cd/76900E09FAB5EBA344B8EA84E844FF07.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/1/9/2014/40523560a4924eca912fb8f56f7a792a/71C304929604C4480FF7C91C7E74C413.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>肺炎双球菌的转化实验证明了( )<br>A.基因位于染色体上<br>B.染色体是遗传物质的主要载体<br>C.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/1/2011/7/10/BECA12F68086D2AB53B2347F6A3A3F57.png"><br>是遗传物质,蛋白质不是遗传物质<br>D.在不含<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/1/2011/7/10/BECA12F68086D2AB53B2347F6A3A3F57.png"><br>的生物体内,<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/1/2011/7/10/6225EB5A3D19566EC96949085E42EC2A.png"><br>就是该生物的遗传物质<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/1/9/2011/adca2c9df56a4e02844d8242f7f78376/F3FFF02E67737AECAA5F9376DCA7D618.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/1/9/2011/c69b13c1f7574120b6c1ce83246cdf53/D91D08D3900737DECEF25B5FA71C79C9.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>肺炎双球菌转化实验中,S型菌的部分DNA片段进入R型菌内并整合到R型菌的DNA分子上,使这种R型菌转化为能合成荚膜多糖的S型菌。下列叙述正确的是( )<br>A.R型菌转化成S型菌后的DNA中,嘌呤碱基总比例会改变<br>B.整合到R型菌内的DNA分子片段,表达产物都是荚膜多糖<br>C.进入R型菌的DNA片段上,可有多个RNA聚合酶结合位点<br>D.S型菌转录的mRNA上,可由多个核糖体共同合成一条肽链<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/1/9/2017/7ec34a1334ba4065a9516599ab5abd36/06CA09E70C17EF8BA2D3B8C70D693953.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/1/9/2017/b49b4aa79bf74a7983ef7f589911a31c/413744077D69F020B5F9E62B2421A60E.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：较易<br>关于赫尔希和蔡斯的“<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/1/2015/8/26/5FBA83859388EC7C6A97A5B51304A08E.png"><br>噬菌体侵染大肠杆菌”的实验,下列分析正确的是( )<br>A.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/1/2015/8/26/9584C64AF031C67F66AE4183D02E68AF.png"><br>标记组:培养时间过长,沉淀物放射性增高<br>B.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/1/2015/8/26/DCDF644941120BE2325A72B271A15E22.png"><br>标记组:搅拌不够充分,上清液放射性增高<br>C.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/1/2015/8/26/9584C64AF031C67F66AE4183D02E68AF.png"><br>标记组:培养时间越长,含<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/1/2015/8/26/9584C64AF031C67F66AE4183D02E68AF.png"><br>的子代噬菌体比例越高<br>D.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/1/2015/8/26/DCDF644941120BE2325A72B271A15E22.png"><br>标记组:培养时间越长,含<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/1/2015/8/26/DCDF644941120BE2325A72B271A15E22.png"><br>的子代噬菌体比例越低<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/1/9/2015/c6a8205a11e44818b2c2f5463cd5f004/01A39E48B8A67989A23F6887F26FCC64.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/1/9/2015/e2fd2c948e9c4e16a9322ecf0924cf96/3A415F0C7EE98F67C4235561B01DA267.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>如果用<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/1/2014/12/2/B260E13DA95554B6A47C830233D122A0.png"><br>、<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/1/2014/12/2/C5430011CBE307F2191852FE532EF4EE.png"><br>、<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/1/2014/12/2/9584C64AF031C67F66AE4183D02E68AF.png"><br>标记噬菌体后,让其侵染细菌(无放射性),分析正确的是( )<br>A.只有噬菌体的蛋白质被标记了,<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/1/2014/12/2/D8336ACF6E5D880772A24C05CB1F7556.png"><br>没有被标记<br>B.子代噬菌体的外壳中可检测到<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/1/2014/12/2/B260E13DA95554B6A47C830233D122A0.png"><br>、<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/1/2014/12/2/C5430011CBE307F2191852FE532EF4EE.png"><br>、<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/1/2014/12/2/9584C64AF031C67F66AE4183D02E68AF.png"><br>C.子代噬菌体的<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/1/2014/12/2/D8336ACF6E5D880772A24C05CB1F7556.png"><br>分子中可检测到<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/1/2014/12/2/B260E13DA95554B6A47C830233D122A0.png"><br>、<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/1/2014/12/2/C5430011CBE307F2191852FE532EF4EE.png"><br>D.子代噬菌体的<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/1/2014/12/2/D8336ACF6E5D880772A24C05CB1F7556.png"><br>分子中部分含有<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/1/2014/12/2/B260E13DA95554B6A47C830233D122A0.png"><br>、<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/1/2014/12/2/9376363E443AAF9694D097FC5B185E0B.png"><br>、<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/1/2014/12/2/86872DCC672F805AD34CF7A2853424EB.png"><br><br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/1/9/2014/423a2102ae1a46628791e0d0026beca9/06CA09E70C17EF8BA2D3B8C70D693953.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/1/9/2014/4c1e9901bdf34d59881aeace471e3fe3/627A2328D40446C64AE298694D893D47.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：较易<br>如果用<sup>15</sup>N、<sup>32</sup>P、<sup>35</sup>S标记噬菌体,让其侵染细菌,产生的子代噬菌体与亲代噬菌体形态完全相同,则子代噬菌体的组成成分中,能够找到的放射性元素为( )<br>A.可在外壳中找到<sup>15</sup>N和<sup>35</sup>S<br>B.可在DNA中找到<sup>15</sup>N、<sup>32</sup>P<br>C.可在外壳中找到<sup>15</sup>N<br>D.可在DNA中找到<sup>15</sup>N、<sup>32</sup>P、<sup>35</sup>S<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/1/9/2019/b380c177fbf247afa45a409334900f2d/CB10E80A5A739A58F1312BA12F379467.png"><br>解析<br>略<br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>关于噬菌体侵染细菌的实验说法错误的是( )<br>A.用含<sup>35</sup>S的培养基培养未被标记的T<sub>2</sub>噬菌体,一段时间后可得到被<sup>35</sup>S标记的T<sub>2</sub>噬菌体<br>B.实验中离心的目的是让上清液析出重量较轻的T<sub>2</sub>噬菌体颗粒,沉淀物留下被感染的大肠杆菌<br>C.T<sub>2</sub>噬菌体是一种病毒,没有细胞结构<br>D.在该实验中,用被<sup>35</sup>S标记的T<sub>2</sub>噬菌体侵染大肠杆菌的实验组,操作规范的话,离心后上清液中放射性很高<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/1/9/2019/affdcea419774047b6f5c09a8add5484/E7F0EDF83F40244C8F0C84B97471AED6.png"><br>解析<br>略<br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>如图所示,图甲是将加热杀死的S型细菌与R型活细菌混合注射到小鼠体内后两种细菌的含量变化,图乙是利用同位素标记技术完成噬菌体侵染细菌实验的部分操作步骤。下列有关叙述正确的是( )<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/1/2019/11/15/D55A825CBE92A737C9F3DFFEB1E393BC.png"><br>style="VERTICAL-ALIGN:middle">A.图甲中,AB对应的时间段内,小鼠体内已形成大量的抗R型细菌的抗体<br>B.图甲中,后期出现的大量S型细菌都是由R型细菌直接转化而来的<br>C.图乙中如果噬菌体和细菌混合后不经过搅拌,则上清液中放射性减弱<br>D.图乙中若用<sup>32</sup>P标记亲代噬菌体,则所得子代噬菌体均没有放射性<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/1/9/2019/b8c78d58feba45abbb8fdaad0c08d29a/06CA09E70C17EF8BA2D3B8C70D693953.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/1/9/2019/a21cc0b0a47d40268fa63a5f9379e505/DABB6DD80679CA4F11FDBC8ACCD2CCCC.png"><br><br>※题型：实验题※知识点：实验题※试题难度：中等<br>请利用所给的含有大肠杆菌生长所需的各种营养成分的培养基<br>(<br>分别含<br><sup><br>32<br></sup><br>P<br>标记的核苷酸和<br><sup><br>35<br></sup><br>S<br>标记的氨基酸<br>)<br>、大肠杆菌菌液、<br>T<br>噬菌体进行实验<br>证明<br>DNA<br>是遗传物质。<br>实验过程<br>:<br>步骤<br>一<br>:分别<br>取等量含<br><sup><br>32<br></sup><br>P<br>标记的核苷酸和含<br><sup><br>35<br></sup><br>S<br>标记的氨基酸的培养基装入两个相同锥形瓶中<br>依次编号为甲、乙<br>;<br>步骤二<br>:<br>在两个锥形瓶中接入<br>在适宜条件下培养一段时间<br>;<br>步骤三<br>:<br>在甲、乙两个锥形瓶中放入<br>培养一段时间<br>分别获得被<br>标记和被<br>标记的<br>T<br>噬菌体<br>;<br>步骤四<br>:<br>用上述<br>T<br>噬菌体分别<br>侵染<br>的大肠杆菌<br>经短时间保温后<br>用搅拌器搅拌、放入离心管内离心。<br>步骤五<br>:<br>检测放射性同位素存在的主要位置。<br>预测实验结果<br>:<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/1/2019/9/27/B9A85870013FA00B8ED843D0EC3FFA5C.png"><br>1.在甲锥形瓶中获得的<br>T<br>噬菌体<br>侵染<br>大肠杆菌<br>经揽拌<br>、离心后结果如<br>图。<br>2.在乙锥形瓶中获得的<br>T<br>噬菌体<br>侵染<br>大肠杆菌<br>经搅拌、离心后结果如<br>图。<br><br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/1/9/2019/383b991f0f7e4973953862e027d431f4/20FA7EAC447F9221B72791F0702A1CE5.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/1/9/2019/17065fd811c14731a91b4522068409ca/01E6622933A66DFEFADDE2F878F2C802.png"><br><br>
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