《中东》专题考卷
<p style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; line-height: 16.2pt; text-indent: 21pt;"><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; font-family: 宋体;">专题概要：中东地区在世界地理中的位置重要，近几年中考对本专题考查的内容较多，主要表现在以下几个方面：中东地区位置的重要性；中东石油的分布、生产和输出情况；中东成为热点地区的原因。</span></p><p style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; line-height: 16.2pt; text-indent: 21pt;"><font face="宋体" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </font></p><p style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; line-height: 16.2pt; text-indent: 21pt;"><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; font-family: 宋体;"><strong style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">一、学习目标</strong></span></p><p style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; line-height: 16.2pt; text-indent: 21pt;"><font face="宋体" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </font></p><p style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; line-height: 16.2pt; text-indent: 21pt;"><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; font-family: 宋体;">1.</span><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; font-family: 宋体;">中东的地理位置的重要意义。</span></p><p style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; line-height: 16.2pt; text-indent: 21pt;"><font face="宋体" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </font></p><p style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; line-height: 16.2pt; text-indent: 21pt;"><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; font-family: 宋体;">2.</span><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; font-family: 宋体;">主要的海洋、海湾、湖泊、国家和城市。</span></p><p style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; line-height: 16.2pt; text-indent: 21pt;"><font face="宋体" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </font></p><p style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; line-height: 16.2pt; text-indent: 21pt;"><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; font-family: 宋体;">3.</span><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; font-family: 宋体;">中东的地形和气候以及它的农业特点。</span></p><p style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; line-height: 16.2pt; text-indent: 21pt;"><font face="宋体" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </font></p><p style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; line-height: 16.2pt; text-indent: 21pt;"><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; font-family: 宋体;">4.</span><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; font-family: 宋体;">巴勒斯坦和以色列——位置和范围、水资源的利用、灌溉农业。</span></p><p style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; line-height: 16.2pt; text-indent: 21pt;"><font face="宋体" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </font></p><p style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; line-height: 16.2pt; text-indent: 21pt;"><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; font-family: 宋体;">5.</span><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; font-family: 宋体;">中东的石油输出路线的特点。</span></p><p style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; line-height: 16.2pt; text-indent: 21pt;"><font face="宋体" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </font></p><p style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; line-height: 16.2pt; text-indent: 21pt;"><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; font-family: 宋体;"><strong style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">二、重点、难点</strong></span></p><p style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; line-height: 16.2pt; text-indent: 21pt;"><font face="宋体" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </font></p><p style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; line-height: 16.2pt; text-indent: 21pt;"><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; font-family: 宋体;">1.</span><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; font-family: 宋体;">两洋、三洲、五海之地，地理位置重要</span></p><p style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; line-height: 16.2pt; text-indent: 21pt;"><font face="宋体" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </font></p><p style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; line-height: 16.2pt; text-indent: 21pt;"><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; font-family: 宋体;">2.</span><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; font-family: 宋体;">主要石油生产国以及石油输出的路线</span></p><p style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; line-height: 16.2pt; text-indent: 21pt;"><font face="宋体" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </font></p><p style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; line-height: 16.2pt; text-indent: 21pt;"><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; font-family: 宋体;">3.</span><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; font-family: 宋体;">炎热干燥的气候和农业</span></p><p style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; line-height: 16.2pt; text-indent: 21pt;"><font face="宋体" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </font></p><p style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; line-height: 16.2pt; text-indent: 21pt;"><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; font-family: 宋体;"><strong style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">三、考试点</strong></span></p><p style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; line-height: 16.2pt; text-indent: 21pt;"><font face="宋体" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </font></p><p style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; line-height: 16.2pt; text-indent: 21pt;"><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; font-family: 宋体;">1.</span><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; font-family: 宋体;">位置的重要性、自然环境</span></p><p style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; line-height: 16.2pt; text-indent: 21pt;"><font face="宋体" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </font></p><p style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; line-height: 16.2pt; text-indent: 21pt;"><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; font-family: 宋体;">2.</span><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; font-family: 宋体;">本区重要的战略地位和丰富的石油资源是大国争夺的目标</span></p><p style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; line-height: 16.2pt; text-indent: 21pt;"><font face="宋体" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </font></p><p style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; line-height: 16.2pt; text-indent: 21pt;"><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; font-family: 宋体;">3.</span><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; font-family: 宋体;">本区的海湾、海峡、运河及石油的输出路线和输往地区是本章的重点内容</span></p><p style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; line-height: 16.2pt; text-indent: 21pt;"><font face="宋体" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </font></p><p style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; line-height: 16.2pt; text-indent: 21pt;"><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; font-family: 宋体;">4.</span><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; font-family: 宋体;">一些特别的国家如以色列和巴勒斯坦、阿富汗和伊拉克的焦点问题等。</span></p><p style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; line-height: 16.2pt; text-indent: 21pt;"><font face="宋体" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </font></p><p style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; line-height: 16.2pt; text-indent: 21pt;"><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; font-family: 宋体;"><strong style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">四、知识结构</strong>（见后面所附结构图）</span></p><p style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; line-height: 16.2pt; text-indent: 21pt;"> </p><p style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; line-height: 16.2pt; text-indent: 21pt;"><font face="宋体" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </font></p><p style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; line-height: 16.2pt; text-indent: 21pt;"><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; font-family: 宋体;"><strong style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">五、典型例题分析</strong></span></p><p style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; line-height: 16.2pt; text-indent: 21pt;"><font face="宋体" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </font></p><p style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; line-height: 16.2pt; text-indent: 21pt;"><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; font-family: 宋体;">1.</span><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; font-family: 宋体;">关于中东的气候，正确叙述是（<span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span></span>）</span></p><p style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; line-height: 16.2pt; text-indent: 21pt;"><font face="宋体" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </font></p><p style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; line-height: 16.2pt; text-indent: 21pt;"><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; font-family: 宋体;">A</span><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; font-family: 宋体;">.大部分属于热带沙漠气候<span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> B</span>.沙特阿拉伯等国由于降水很少，地面没有河流</span></p><p style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; line-height: 16.2pt; text-indent: 21pt;"><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; font-family: 宋体;"><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">C</span>.地中海气候区夏季炎热多雨 <span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">D.</span>在利比亚的阿齐济耶出现过最高气温<span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">57.</span><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">8</span>℃</span></p><p style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; line-height: 16.2pt; text-indent: 21pt;"><font face="宋体" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </font></p><p style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; line-height: 16.2pt; text-indent: 21pt;"><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; font-family: 宋体;"><strong style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">分析</strong>：中东地区处于北纬<span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">12</span>°～<span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">42</span>°之间，绝大部分在<span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">30</span>°<span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">N</span></span><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; font-family: 宋体;">以南，气温非常高，而且地表起伏小，海岸平直，海洋水影响小，与海接触又有海岸山脉阻挡，加上大气环流的影响，使本地区降水稀少，出现沙特等无流国。只是在地中海气候区冬季降水较多。</span></p><p style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; line-height: 16.2pt; text-indent: 21pt;"><font face="宋体" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </font></p><p style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; line-height: 16.2pt; text-indent: 21pt;"><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; font-family: 宋体;">2.</span><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; font-family: 宋体;">沟通地中海和大西洋的重要通道为（<span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span></span>）</span></p><p style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; line-height: 16.2pt; text-indent: 21pt;"><font face="宋体" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </font></p><p style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; line-height: 16.2pt; text-indent: 21pt;"><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; font-family: 宋体;">A.</span><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; font-family: 宋体;">土耳其海峡 <span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> B.</span>霍尔木兹海峡 <span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> C.</span>直布罗陀海峡 <span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">D.</span>苏伊士运河</span></p><p style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; line-height: 16.2pt; text-indent: 21pt;"><font face="宋体" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </font></p><p style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; line-height: 16.2pt; text-indent: 21pt;"><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; font-family: 宋体;">分析：题干中所给的四个备选答案都是中东地区的重要海上通道：</span><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; font-family: 宋体;">土耳其海峡沟通了黑海和地中海；霍尔木兹海峡是波斯湾和阿拉伯海之间的重要通道，有“石油海峡之称”；直布罗陀海峡是</span><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; font-family: 宋体;">大西洋和地中海之间的交通要道；苏伊士运河连接了红海和地中海。</span></p><p style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; line-height: 16.2pt; text-indent: 21pt;"><font face="宋体" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </font></p><p style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; line-height: 16.2pt; text-indent: 21pt;"><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; font-family: 宋体;"><strong style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">六、达标题</strong></span></p><p style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; line-height: 16.2pt; text-indent: 21pt;"> </p><p style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; line-height: 16.2pt; text-indent: 21pt;"><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; font-family: 宋体;"><strong style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">（一）选择题</strong></span></p><p style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; line-height: 16.2pt; text-indent: 21pt;"><font face="宋体" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </font></p><p style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; line-height: 16.2pt; text-indent: 21pt;"><font face="宋体" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">1.</span><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">中东地处“两洋、三洲、五海”之地，其中三洲指的是<span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">( )</span></span></font></p><p style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; line-height: 16.2pt; text-indent: 21pt;"><font face="宋体" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </font></p><p style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; line-height: 16.2pt; text-indent: 21pt;"><font face="宋体" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">A.</span><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">亚洲、非洲、拉丁美洲<span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> B.</span>欧洲、北美洲、南美洲 </span></font><font face="宋体" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">C.</span><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">亚洲、欧洲、非洲 <span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">D.</span>亚洲、大洋洲、非洲</span></font></p><p style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; line-height: 16.2pt; text-indent: 21pt;"><font face="宋体" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </font></p><p style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; line-height: 16.2pt; text-indent: 21pt;"><font face="宋体" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">2.</span><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">西亚许多国家中畜牧业占重要地位，其气候原因是<span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">( )</span></span></font></p><p style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; line-height: 16.2pt; text-indent: 21pt;"><font face="宋体" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </font></p><p style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; line-height: 16.2pt; text-indent: 21pt;"><font face="宋体" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">A.</span><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">终年暖湿<span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> B.</span>终年干旱少雨 <span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">C.</span>终年冷湿<span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> D.</span>终年湿润多雨</span></font></p><p style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; line-height: 16.2pt; text-indent: 21pt;"><font face="宋体" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </font></p><p style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; line-height: 16.2pt; text-indent: 21pt;"><font face="宋体" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">3.</span><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">下列海峡运河中，地处亚、非两洲之间的是<span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">( )</span></span></font></p><p style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; line-height: 16.2pt; text-indent: 21pt;"><font face="宋体" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </font></p><p style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; line-height: 16.2pt; text-indent: 21pt;"><font face="宋体" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">A.</span><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">马六甲海峡 <span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> B.</span>苏伊士运河 <span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">C.</span>巴拿马运河 <span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> D.</span>直布罗陀海峡</span></font></p><p style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; line-height: 16.2pt; text-indent: 21pt;"><font face="宋体" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </font></p><p style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; line-height: 16.2pt; text-indent: 21pt;"><font face="宋体" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">4.</span><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">西亚著名的灌溉农业区是<span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">( )</span></span></font></p><p style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; line-height: 16.2pt; text-indent: 21pt;"><font face="宋体" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </font></p><p style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; line-height: 16.2pt; text-indent: 21pt;"><font face="宋体" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">A.</span><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">恒河平原 <span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> B.</span>土兰平原 <span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">C.</span>印度河平原 <span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> D.</span>美索不达米亚平原</span></font></p><p style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; line-height: 16.2pt; text-indent: 21pt;"><font face="宋体" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </font></p><p style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; line-height: 16.2pt; text-indent: 21pt;"><font face="宋体" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">5.</span><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">中东地区分布最广的气候类型是（<span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span></span>）</span></font></p><p style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; line-height: 16.2pt; text-indent: 21pt;"><font face="宋体" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </font></p><p style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; line-height: 16.2pt; text-indent: 21pt;"><font face="宋体" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">A</span><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">.温带大陆性气候 <span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> B</span>.热带沙漠气候 <span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> C</span>.地中海气候 <span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> D</span>.温带海洋性气候</span></font></p><p style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; line-height: 16.2pt; text-indent: 21pt;"><font face="宋体" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </font></p><p style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; line-height: 16.2pt; text-indent: 21pt;"><font face="宋体" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">6.</span><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">被伊斯兰教、基督教、犹太教教徒视为“圣城”的是（<span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span></span>）</span></font></p><p style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; line-height: 16.2pt; text-indent: 21pt;"><font face="宋体" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </font></p><p style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; line-height: 16.2pt; text-indent: 21pt;"><font face="宋体" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">A</span><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">.麦加 <span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> B</span>.开罗 <span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> C</span>.耶路撒冷 <span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> D</span>.巴格达</span></font></p><p style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; line-height: 16.2pt; text-indent: 21pt;"><font face="宋体" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </font></p><p style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; line-height: 16.2pt; text-indent: 21pt;"><font face="宋体" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">7.</span><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">中东地区的石油输出到欧洲西部，走最近的路线必须经过（<span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span>）</span></font></p><p style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; line-height: 16.2pt; text-indent: 21pt;"><font face="宋体" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </font></p><p style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; line-height: 16.2pt; text-indent: 21pt;"><font face="宋体" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">A</span><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">.苏伊士运河 <span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> B</span>.土耳其海峡 <span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> C</span>.巴拿马运河 <span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> D</span>.马六甲海峡</span></font></p><p style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; line-height: 16.2pt; text-indent: 21pt;"><font face="宋体" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </font></p><p style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; line-height: 16.2pt; text-indent: 21pt;"><font face="宋体" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">8.</span><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">沙特阿拉伯的首都是<span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">( )</span></span></font></p><p style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; line-height: 16.2pt; text-indent: 21pt;"> </p><p style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; line-height: 16.2pt; text-indent: 21pt;"><font face="宋体" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">A.</span>巴格达<span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> B.</span>利雅德 <span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> C.</span>德黑兰<span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> D.</span>大马土革</font></p><p style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; line-height: 16.2pt; text-indent: 21pt;"><font face="宋体" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </p><p></font></p><p style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; line-height: 16.2pt; text-indent: 21pt;"><font face="宋体" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"><strong style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">(</span><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">二<span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">)</span>综合题</span></strong></font></p><p style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; line-height: 16.2pt; text-indent: 21pt;"><font face="宋体" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </font></p><p style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; line-height: 16.2pt; text-indent: 21pt;"><font face="宋体" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">1.</span><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">读图<span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">21</span>—<span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">1，</span>完成下列要求。</span></font></p><p style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; line-height: 16.2pt; text-indent: 21pt;"><font face="宋体" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </font></p><p style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; line-height: 16.2pt; text-indent: 21pt;"><font face="宋体" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">(1)</span><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">中东自古以来就是兵家必争之地，其主要原因是<span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">_____<span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">_____<span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">_____</span></span></span>。</span></font></p><p style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; line-height: 16.2pt; text-indent: 21pt;"><font face="宋体" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </font></p><p style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; line-height: 16.2pt; text-indent: 21pt;"><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"><font face="宋体" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">①中东地处“两洋、三洲、五海”之地，其中五海是指<span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">_____</span>海、<span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">_____</span>海、<span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">_____</span>海、<span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">_____ </span>海和里海。</font></span></p><p style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; line-height: 16.2pt; text-indent: 21pt;"><font face="宋体" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </font></p><p style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; line-height: 16.2pt; text-indent: 21pt;"><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"><font face="宋体" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">②中东以 <span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">______ </span>为中心的石油资源十分丰富，请将该区域的油田用红笔圈起来。其<span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">____</span>量、<span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">_____</span>量和<span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">_____</span>量均在世界上占重要地位。</font></span></p><p style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; line-height: 16.2pt; text-indent: 21pt;"><font face="宋体" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </font></p><p style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; line-height: 16.2pt; text-indent: 21pt;"><font face="宋体" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">(2)</span><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">中东诸多产油国中，<span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">______</span>、<span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">______</span>、<span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">______</span>、<span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">_______ </span>和阿拉伯联合酋长国等的石油产量居世界前列。</span></font></p><p style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; line-height: 16.2pt; text-indent: 21pt;"><font face="宋体" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </font></p><p style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; line-height: 16.2pt; text-indent: 21pt;"><font face="宋体" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">2.</span><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">读中东石油运输路线图<span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">(</span>图<span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">21</span>—<span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">2)</span>，完成下列要求。</span></font></p><p style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; line-height: 16.2pt; text-indent: 21pt;"> </p><p align="center" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; line-height: 16.2pt; text-indent: 21pt;"><font face="宋体" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"></p><p></font></p><p style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; line-height: 16.2pt; text-indent: 21pt;"> </p><p style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; line-height: 16.2pt; text-indent: 21pt;"><font face="宋体" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">(1)</span><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">有两艘满载<span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">15</span>万吨原油的油轮从波斯湾驶往美国的旧金山和纽约，请将沿途经过的主要海峡和大洋填在下面的空格中。</span></font></p><p style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; line-height: 16.2pt; text-indent: 21pt;"><font face="宋体" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </font></p><p style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px 0px 0px 178.5pt; line-height: 16.2pt; text-indent: 21pt;"><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"><font face="宋体" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">↗③<span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">______</span>海峡→④<span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">______</span>洋→旧金山。</font></span></p><p style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; line-height: 16.2pt; text-indent: 21pt;"><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"><font face="宋体" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">波斯湾→①<span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">____</span>海峡→②<span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">_____</span>洋<span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span></font></span></p><p style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px 0px 0px 178.5pt; line-height: 16.2pt; text-indent: 21pt;"><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"><font face="宋体" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">↘⑤<span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">______</span>角→⑥<span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">______</span>洋→纽约。</font></span></p><p style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px 0px 0px 178.5pt; line-height: 16.2pt; text-indent: 21pt;"><font face="宋体" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </font></p><p style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; line-height: 16.2pt; text-indent: 21pt;"><font face="宋体" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">(2)</span><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">中东石油除输往美国外，还输往<span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">______</span>国和<span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">________</span>地区。</span></font></p><p style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; line-height: 16.2pt; text-indent: 21pt;"><font face="宋体" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </font></p><p style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; line-height: 16.2pt; text-indent: 21pt;"><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; font-family: 宋体;">(3)</span><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; font-family: 宋体;">中东石油输出一向以<span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">________</span>运输为主，其次还有<span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">________</span>运输。</span></p><p style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; line-height: 16.2pt; text-indent: 21pt;"><font face="宋体" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </font></p><p style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; line-height: 16.2pt; text-indent: 21pt;"><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; font-family: 宋体;">⑷有人说<span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">D</span>国“水比石油贵”。请运用所学地理知识解释其原因。</span></p><p style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; line-height: 16.2pt; text-indent: 21pt;"><font face="宋体" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </font></p><p style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; line-height: 16.2pt; text-indent: 21pt;"><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; font-family: 宋体;">⑸长期以来，西方国家一直将中东作为激烈争夺的重点地区，主要原因是<span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">_____<span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">_____<span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">_____</span></span></span>。</span></p><p style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; line-height: 16.2pt; text-indent: 21pt;"><font face="宋体" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </font></p><p style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; line-height: 16.2pt; text-indent: 21pt;"><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"><font face="宋体" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">⑹中东地区的产油国因出口石油成为富裕国家，这些产油国都在考虑石油资</font></span><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"><font face="宋体" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">源开采完后的经济出路。请你帮他们想想怎样面对石油枯竭后的经济发展。</font></span></p><p style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; line-height: 16.2pt; text-indent: 21pt;"><font face="宋体" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </font></p><p style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; line-height: 16.2pt; text-indent: 21pt;"><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; font-family: 宋体;"><strong style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">参考答案：</strong></span></p><p style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; line-height: 16.2pt; text-indent: 21pt;"> </p><p style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; line-height: 16.2pt; text-indent: 21pt;"><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; font-family: 宋体;">一、</span><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; font-family: 宋体;">选择题</span></p><p style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; line-height: 16.2pt; text-indent: 21pt;"> </p><p style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; line-height: 16.2pt; text-indent: 21pt;"><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; font-family: 宋体;">1.C 2.B 3.B 4.D 5.B 6.C 7.A 8.B</span></p><p style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; line-height: 16.2pt; text-indent: 21pt;"> </p><p style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; line-height: 16.2pt; text-indent: 21pt;"><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; font-family: 宋体;">二、</span><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; font-family: 宋体;">读图分析题</span></p><p style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; line-height: 16.2pt; text-indent: 21pt;"> </p><p style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; line-height: 16.2pt; text-indent: 21pt;"><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; font-family: 宋体;"><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">1.<span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><font face="宋体" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </font></span></span></span><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; font-family: 宋体;">⑴①阿拉伯海、红海、地中海、黑海②波斯湾、储量、产量、输出量、沙特阿拉伯<span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">⑵</span></span><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; font-family: 宋体;">伊朗、伊拉克、科威特。</span></p><p style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; line-height: 16.2pt; text-indent: 21pt;"> </p><p style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; line-height: 16.2pt; text-indent: 21pt;"><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; font-family: 宋体;">2.</span><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; font-family: 宋体;">⑵①霍尔木兹海峡、印度洋、马六甲海峡、太平洋、好望角、大西洋</span></p><p style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px 0px 0px 39pt; line-height: 16.2pt;"><font face="宋体" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </font></p><p style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; line-height: 16.2pt; text-indent: 21pt;"><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; font-family: 宋体;">②日本、欧洲西部</span></p><p style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; line-height: 16.2pt; text-indent: 21pt;"><font face="宋体" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </font></p><p style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; line-height: 16.2pt; text-indent: 21pt;"><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; font-family: 宋体;">⑶海运、管道运输</span></p><p style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; line-height: 16.2pt; text-indent: 21pt;"><font face="宋体" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </font></p><p style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; line-height: 16.2pt; text-indent: 21pt;"><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; font-family: 宋体;">⑷此地气候属于热带沙漠气候，干燥少雨且石油资源丰富。</span></p><p style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; line-height: 16.2pt; text-indent: 21pt;"><font face="宋体" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </font></p><p style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; line-height: 16.2pt; text-indent: 21pt;"><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; font-family: 宋体;">⑸石油资源丰富；民族宗教问题；交通位置重要；淡水资源紧张；大国干涉。</span></p><p style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; line-height: 16.2pt; text-indent: 21pt;"><font face="宋体" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </font></p><p style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; line-height: 16.2pt; text-indent: 21pt;"><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; font-family: 宋体;">⑹ 产业发展多元化，避免单一依赖石油出口，增加货币储备，改善和治理环境，发展民族经济，走可持续发展之路。</span></p>更多地理考题分享，尽在优学地理网！
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