青岛小升初 初小衔接英语语法汇总 标签：小升初教育新闻
<p>小学《新标准英语》教材中涉及的重要语法知识主要有8种：to be句型、there be句型、一般现在时句型、现在进行时句型、一般过去时句型、情态动词can/could/should引导的句型、一般将来时will/be going to句型、祈使句等，其中多种语法现象广泛出现在各册教材中，现以五、六年级教材为例将重点句型归类介绍如下：</p><p>l to be句型：主要用于介绍个人情况如姓名、健康状况、身份、家庭成员、朋</p><p>友、职业；描述事物特征；表达方位、长度、年代、颜色、季节、时间、某人的物品及感觉等，该句式广泛分布于各册教材中，其中第1、2册更是以此句型为主，9-12册中这类“四会”句型有：</p><p>1. This one is heavy.</p><p>2. It’s an autumn festival. It’s really fun.</p><p>3. It isn’t hers. It isn’t his.</p><p>4. Whose T-shirt is it? It’s mine.</p><p>5. Are you sad? No, I’m not.</p><p>6. What’s the matter? Nothing.</p><p>7. I’m sorry.</p><p>8. This black bag is nice. It’s big.</p><p>9. It’s very heavy. Look at this green one. It’s light.</p><p>10.How long is the Great Wall?</p><p>11.It’s ten thousand li long.</p><p>12.How old is the Great Wall?</p><p>13.It’s more than two thousand years old.</p><p>14.Thanksgiving is my favourite.</p><p>15.Families are together.</p><p>16.They’re deaf.</p><p>17.This water is very clean.</p><p>18.It’s fun to drink this way.</p><p>19.How much is it? It’s thirteen dollars and twenty-five cents.</p><p>20.What’s the matter?</p><p>21.I’m really excited.</p><p>lthere be句型：包括现在与过去两种，即：there is/are, there was/were。用于</p><p>表达某处有某物的客观存在关系。该句型主要分布在Book5，Book9, Book11和Book12中，教材中以陈述句与how many引导的特殊疑问句问答为主。五、六年级教材中该类重点句有：</p><p>1. There weren’t any swings here before.</p><p>2. There was only a slide.</p><p>3. There wasn’t a pond here before.</p><p>4. There is one now.</p><p>5. There are many sweets.</p><p>6. There are many fruits, too.</p><p>7. There is a Chinatown in New York.</p><p>8. There was a big lake and there were lots of ducks.</p><p>l 一般现在时句型：这是《新标准英语》中出现频率最高的一类句型，广泛分</p><p>布在第2~12册教材中，包括第一、二人称及第三人称单数做主语的特殊、一般疑问句问答及陈述句等。9~12册教材中出现的此类句型重点句有：</p><p>1. They go to people’s houses. They scare the people.</p><p>2. He only wants to play.</p><p>3. In England, they sit around tables.</p><p>4. We sit in lines in China.</p><p>5. They sing songs together every morning.</p><p>6. We do morning exercises.</p><p>7. We have a big, special dinner.</p><p>8. Do pandas love bamboo?</p><p>9. They eat for twelve hours a day.</p><p>10.Do snakes love music? No, they don’t.</p><p>11.Do you often tidy your room? No, I don’t.</p><p>12.I often read stories to my little brother.</p><p>13.Do you want to visit the UN building? Yes, please.</p><p>14.The UN wants to make peace in the world.</p><p>15.What do you want? I want a hot dog, please.</p><p>l现在进行时句型：该句型主要分布在Book4，5，8, 11, 12中。包括what, why</p><p>引导的特殊疑问句句型、一般疑问句问答及肯定句。如：</p><p>1. What are you doing?</p><p>2. I’m putting my new stamps into my album.</p><p>3. All the balloons are flying away.</p><p>4. The oranges are falling.</p><p>5. Daming is having a birthday party.</p><p>6. He is playing the trumpet, but then the telephone rings.</p><p>7. Why are you laughing?</p><p>8. Why are you wearing cups on your heads?</p><p>l一般过去时句型：该句型分为两类，一类是用be动词过去式was， were</p><p>作谓语的，主要出现在Book6中，另一类是用行为动词过去式作谓语的，包括肯定句、疑问句、否定句等各种形式。主要出现在Book7，Book8，Book10两类句型的综合应用是在Book9，Book10， Book11，Book12中。B9~12册中“四会”句型如下：</p><p>1. My grandma was a driver before.</p><p>1. What did she drive? She drove a bus.</p><p>2. My grandpa was a flute player before.</p><p>3. What music did he play? He played Chinese music.</p><p>4. What did she have for breakfast? She had eggs and sausages.</p><p>5. And what did she have for dinner? She had fish and chips.</p><p>6. I sent you a Maths game. Did you get it? Yes, Grandma.</p><p>7. And I sent you English books. Did you read them? Yes, Grandma. I read them.</p><p>8. The men wore women’s clothes.</p><p>9. The actors told lots of jokes.</p><p>10.We laughed a lot.</p><p>11.---- What did you put in your bag?</p><p>---- My clothes, my shoes, a present, my ticket, my passport and my toothbrush.</p><p>12.We ate in a Chinese restaurant.</p><p>13.We saw Chinese dancing.</p><p>14.I had a very funny day.</p><p>15.I took some photos.</p><p>16.I bought a book for you. Thank you.</p><p>17.Who gave it to you? Your mum gave it to me.</p><p>18.In October, ShenzhouⅤ flew into space.</p><p>19.He wanted to go into space. Then his dream came true.</p><p>20.He spent about 21 hours in space.</p><p>21.She was blind.</p><p>22.She was deaf.</p><p>l情态动词can/could/should引导的句型：该句型主要出现在Book9</p><p>（M6~7，M10），Book10（M3/U2，M4/U2）,Book11(M4~5)中。包括一般疑问句及其肯定与否定回答，否定句，及who引导的特殊疑问句问答。如：</p><p>1. Can you run fast?No, I can’t.</p><p>2. You can jump high. You can play basketball well.</p><p>3. This dog can help him.</p><p>4. Can Fifi help the blind people?No, he can’t.</p><p>5. You shouldn’t play with the CDs!</p><p>6. You should tidy your toys.</p><p>7. Can you tell me about American festivals? Yes.</p><p>8. She can speak some English.</p><p>9. Can I write to her? Yes. You can write to her in English.</p><p>10. Who can help me? Sorry, I can’t.</p><p>11. So she couldn’t see.So she couldn’t hear.</p><p>12. But she could learn.</p><p>l 一般将来时：教材中出现两种表示将来时的句型，即：will和be going to</p><p>句型，主要出现在Book6（M2~5， M9），Book5（M9~10），Book8（M6, M10），Book9（M4）。如：</p><p>1. What are we going to do? We’re going to have lunch together.</p><p>2. Are you going to have a birthday cake? Yes, I am.</p><p>3. What will we see there? We’ll see lots of very big stones.</p><p>4. How will we get there?By car.It will take three hours.</p><p>5. I think I’ll make a Chinese kite!</p><p>6. Will you help me? Of course, I will.</p><p>7. And where will you go tomorrow?</p><p>8. I’ll go to the airport.</p><p>9. When are we going to eat?</p><p>10. We’re going to eat at half past twelve.</p><p>11. Look. It’s going to rain soon.</p><p>12. I will help you.</p><p>13. Are you going to go to middle school this September?</p><p>14. I will miss you. I will miss you too.</p><p>l 祈使句：用以表达请求、要求或命令某人做某事。句型特点是动词用原</p><p>型，省略主语。这类句型主要出现在Book8/10/11中，包括肯定与否定形式。如：</p><p>1. Click on “Email”.</p><p>2. Now click on “Write”.</p><p>3. Write your message.</p><p>4. Only drink clean water!</p><p>l此外，一种简单的完成时have/has got句型在《新标准英语》中也出现</p><p>较多，如：Book5, Book7, Book10，Book11等，包括陈述句(肯定、否定)、疑问句及其回答。如：</p><p>1. Have you got the Harry Potter videos?</p><p>2. Sorry, we haven’t got the videos. But we have got the books.</p><p>3. You’ve got lots of Harry Potter books here! Yes, we have.</p><p>4. Have you got any stamps from China? No, I haven’t.</p><p>5. I’ve got some Chinese chopsticks.</p><p>6. My brother has got a Chinese kite.</p><p>7. Have you got a book about America?</p>
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