地理相关英语词汇大全
<p>abandoned land 弃耕地</p><p>abiltic factor 非生物因素;非生命因素</p><p>abiotic environment 非生物环境;非生命环境</p><p>ablation 消融〔作用〕</p><p>Abney level 手水准仪</p><p>aborigine 土著</p><p>abrasion (corrasion) 磨蚀〔作用〕刻蚀〔作用〕</p><p>abrasion (wave-cut) platform 海蚀平台</p><p>absolute humidity 绝对湿度</p><p>absolute instability 绝对不稳定〔状态〕</p><p>absolute stability 绝对稳定〔状态〕</p><p>absolute temperature 绝对温度</p><p>absorption 吸收〔作用〕</p><p>abyssal region 深海区</p><p>acacia 合欢树</p><p>Acacia confusa 台湾相思</p><p>accelerated erosion 加速侵蚀</p><p>accessibility 可达度;能达度</p><p>acclimatization 气候适应</p><p>accordant drainage 协调水系;调和水系</p><p>accretion 加积〔作用〕</p><p>accumulated temperature 积温</p><p>acid lava 酸性熔岩</p><p>acid rain 酸雨</p><p>acid soil 酸性土壤</p><p>acidic rock 酸性岩</p><p>acidity (1) 酸度,(2) 酸性</p><p>activated sludge 活性污泥</p><p>active layer 活动层;活土层</p><p>active recreation 主动性康乐</p><p>active volcano 活火山</p><p>activity space 活动空间</p><p>actual evapotranspiration 实际蒸散〔量〕</p><p>adiabatic cooling 绝对冷却;绝热降温</p><p>adiabatic heating 绝对增温</p><p>adiabatic lapse rate 绝热递减率;绝热直减率</p><p>adiabatic process 绝热过程</p><p>adiabatic temperature change 绝热温度变化</p><p>adit mining 棋坑开采法</p><p>advection 平流</p><p>advection fog 平流雾</p><p>aeolian deposit (sediment) 风积物</p><p>aeration (1)通气[性],(2)曝气</p><p>aeration tank 曝气池</p><p>aerial photograph 航空照片;空中照片</p><p>aerobic 需氧</p><p>aerobic treatment 需氧处理</p><p>aerosol 气溶胶;雾体;大气微粒</p><p>aesthetic pollution 美感污染</p><p>aesthetic quality 美感质素</p><p>afforestation 造林;植林</p><p>aftershock 余震</p><p>age composition 年龄构成</p><p>age group 年龄组别</p><p>age structure 年龄结构</p><p>aged-dependency ratio 老年人抚养〔比〕率</p><p>agents of erosion 侵蚀作用力;侵蚀营力</p><p>age-sex pyramid 年龄性别金字塔</p><p>age-specific fertility rate 年龄别生育率</p><p>age-specific marriage rate 年龄别结婚率</p><p>age-specific mortality rate 年龄别死亡率</p><p>agglomerate 集块岩</p><p>agglomerated settlement 集居聚落</p><p>agglomeration (1)结集;聚结,(2)聚居点</p><p>agglomeration economies 集聚经济效益</p><p>aggradated plain (aggradation plain) 加积平原;填积平原</p><p>aggradation 右积作用;填积作用</p><p>aggradation plain (aggradated plain) 加积平原;填积平原</p><p>aggregate 团聚体;集合体</p><p>aging of population 人口老化</p><p>agrarian reform 土地改革</p><p>agricultural location theory 农业区位理论</p><p>agricultural waste 农业废料</p><p>agriculture 农业</p><p>agro-ecosystem 农业生态系统</p><p>agrosystem 农业系统</p><p>A-horizon A层;淋溶层</p><p>air circulation 空气环流;空气循环</p><p>air composition 空气成分;空气组成</p><p>air control zone 空气管制区</p><p>air mass 气团</p><p>air mass modification 气团变性</p><p>air parcel 气块</p><p>air pollutant 空气污染物</p><p>air pollution 空气污染;大气污染</p><p>air pollution source 空气污染〔来〕源</p><p>air pressure 气压</p><p>air quality monitoring network 空气质素监察网</p><p>albedo 反射率</p><p>alfalfa 苜蓿</p><p>alfisol 淋溶土</p><p>algae 藻类</p><p>algal bloom 藻类过量繁殖</p><p>alkaline soil 碱性土</p><p>alkalinity (1)碱度,(2)碱性</p><p>alkalization 碱化〔作用〕</p><p>allogenic river 外源河</p><p>alluvial cone 冲积锥</p><p>alluvial deposit 冲积物</p><p>alluvial fan 冲积扇</p><p>alluvial plain 冲积平原</p><p>alluvial soil 冲积土</p><p>alluvial terrace 冲积阶地</p><p>alluviation 冲积作用</p><p>alluvium 冲积物;冲积层</p><p>alpine 高山</p><p>alpine meadow soil 高山草甸土</p><p>Alpine mountain-building movement 阿尔卑斯造山运动</p><p>alpine vegetation 高山植物</p><p>Alpine-Himalayan Belt 阿尔卑斯--喜马拉雅山带</p><p>altimeter 高度计</p><p>altiplano 高原(玻利维亚)</p><p>altitude 高度</p><p>altocumulus 高积云</p><p>altostratus 高层云</p><p>aluminium sesquioxide 三氧化二铝</p><p>amenities 市容</p><p>ammonia 氨</p><p>ammophilous 喜砂</p><p>amorphous 无定形</p><p>amplitude (1)幅度,(2)振幅</p><p>anabatic wind 上坡风</p><p>anaerobic 厌氧</p><p>anaerobic treatment 厌氧处理;缺氧处理</p><p>ancillary service 辅助性服务〔行业〕</p><p>anemometer 风速计</p><p>aneroid barometer 空盒气压计</p><p>angle of depression 俯角</p><p>angle of elevation 仰角</p><p>angle of incidence 入射角</p><p>angle of inclination 倾角</p><p>angle of repose 休止角</p><p>angular (compass, whole circle) bearing 方位角</p><p>angulate drainage 角状水系</p><p>animal husbandry 畜牧〔业〕</p><p>anion 阴离子;负离子</p><p>annotated map 注释图</p><p>annual flood 年最大流量;年最大洪水</p><p>annual mean temperature 年平均温</p><p>annual rainfall 年雨量</p><p>annual range of temperature 年温差</p><p>annual runoff 年径流;年径流量</p><p>annular drainage 环状水系</p><p>Antarctic Circle 南极圈</p><p>antecedent drainage 先成水系</p><p>anthracite 无烟煤</p><p>anthropogenic factor 人为因素</p><p>anticline 背斜</p><p>anticyclone 反气旋</p><p>anticyclonic circulation 反气旋式环流</p><p>anvil cloud 砧状云</p><p>apartment building 住宅大厦</p><p>apex (1)冲积扇顶,(2)顶点</p><p>aquaculture 水产养殖</p><p>aquatic plant 水生植物</p><p>aqueduct 引水槽</p><p>aquifer 畜水层</p><p>arable farming 耕作农业</p><p>arable land 〔可〕耕地</p><p>arch (1)背斜,(2)拱顶,(3)穹窿</p><p>Archimedes' screw 〔阿基米得式〕螺旋水斗</p><p>archipelago 群岛</p><p>Arctic air mass 北极气团</p><p>Arctic Circle 北极圈</p><p>Arctic climate 北极气候</p><p>arctic front 北极锋</p><p>arcuate delta 弓形三角洲;扇形三角洲</p><p>area sampling 区域抽样;地区抽样</p><p>areal association 地区联系;地域联系</p><p>areal differentiation 地域分异</p><p>areal distribution 地区分布;地域分布</p><p>areal specialization 地区专门化;地域专门化</p><p>areal variation 地区差异;地域差异</p><p>arete 刃脊;冰脊</p><p>arid 干旱</p><p>arid {dry} climate 干旱气候</p><p>arid land 旱地</p><p>aridisol 旱成土</p><p>aridity 干燥〔度〕干旱〔度〕</p><p>arithmetic mean 算术平均;等差中项;算术中项</p><p>arithmetic progression 等差级数;算术级数</p><p>arterial highway 干线公路</p><p>artesian basin 自流水盆地</p><p>artesian water 自流水</p><p>artesian well 自流井</p><p>artificial climate 人造气候</p><p>asbestosis 石棉沉着病</p><p>ash and cinder cone 凝灰火山渣锥</p><p>ash cone 凝灰火山锥</p><p>ash lagoon 煤灰湖</p><p>asker 蛇〔形〕丘</p><p>aspect 坡向</p><p>assembly industry 装配工业</p><p>assembly line 装配线</p><p>assimilation 同化〔作用〕</p><p>association 联系</p><p>assumed mean 假定平均数</p><p>asthenosphere 软流圈;岩流圈</p><p>asymmetrical fold 不对称折曲</p><p>atlas 地图集</p><p>atmosphere 大气;大气圈</p><p>atmospheric absorption 大气吸收</p><p>atmospheric circulation 大气环流</p><p>atmospheric disturbance 大气扰动</p><p>atmospheric heat balance 大气热平衡</p><p>atmospheric heat source 大气热源</p><p>atmospheric motion 大气流动</p><p>atmospheric pollutant 大气污染物</p><p>atmospheric pollution 大气污染</p><p>atmospheric pressure 大气压力;气压</p><p>atmospheric radiation 大气辐射</p><p>atmospheric refraction 大气折射</p><p>atoll 环礁</p><p>attrition 磨耗〔作用〕自磨〔作用〕</p><p>aureole 〔接触〕变质带</p><p>autotroph 自养生物</p><p>autotrophic nutrition 自养营养</p><p>autumnal equinox 秋分</p><p>available relief (relative relief) 有效地势;相对地势</p><p>avalanche 雪崩;山崩</p><p>average cost 平均成本</p><p>axial growth 轴向增长</p><p>axial plane 轴面</p><p>axial stream 山谷主要河流</p><p>azimuth 方位角</p><p>azonal soil 泛域土baby boom 生育高峰</p><p>back bearing 倒后方位</p><p>backshore 后滩;滨后〔滩〕</p><p>backwall 后壁;后坡</p><p>backwash 回流</p><p>badland 劣地</p><p>bajada (bahada) 山麓冲积扇带</p><p>balanced community 均衡社区</p><p>balanced ecosystem 平衡生态系统</p><p>Baltic-Danish farming 波罗的--丹麦农业</p><p>bank deposit 河岸沉积〔物〕</p><p>bank erosion 河岸侵蚀</p><p>bank failure 塌岸</p><p>bank full stage 满岸水位</p><p>bank protection 护岸</p><p>bankfull discharge 满岸流量</p><p>bar 沙洲;沙坝</p><p>bar chart (graph) 条形图;棒形图</p><p>barbed drainage 倒状水系</p><p>barchan 新月形沙丘</p><p>barogram 自记气压曲线图</p><p>barograph 自记气压计</p><p>barometer 气压计</p><p>barometric gradient 气压梯度</p><p>barren land 荒地;瘠地</p><p>barrier reef 堡礁;堤礁</p><p>barrier to migration 迁徙障碍</p><p>barysphere 重圈</p><p>basal sapping 基部掏蚀</p><p>basalt 玄武岩</p><p>base flow 基本径流;底流</p><p>base level 基准面</p><p>base map 底图;基本图</p><p>basic industry 基础工业</p><p>basic lava 基性熔岩</p><p>basic rock 基性岩</p><p>basic sector 基础部门</p><p>basin 盆地</p><p>basin irrigation 淹灌</p><p>basin perimeter 流域周长;流域周界</p><p>basin planning 流域规划</p><p>basin-and-range terrain 盆山相间地形</p><p>batholith 岩基</p><p>bauxite 铝土矿</p><p>bayhead beach 湾头滩</p><p>bazaar-type economy 摊贩经济</p><p>beach 海滩</p><p>beaded stream 串珠〔状〕河流</p><p>Beaufort scale 蒲福风级</p><p>bed load 推移质;底沙</p><p>bed scour 河床冲刷</p><p>bedding 层理</p><p>bedding plane 层面</p><p>bed-load discharge 推移质输送量;底沙输送量</p><p>bed-load transport 推移质输送;推移质搬运</p><p>bedrock 基岩;底岩</p><p>beef cattle 肉用牛</p><p>behavioral adjustment 行为适应</p><p>beheaded river (stream) 断头河</p><p>bell-shaped curve 钟形曲线</p><p>belt transect 样带</p><p>bench 阶地</p><p>bench mark (BM) 水准点</p><p>beneficiation 矿物增效处理;富集</p><p>bergschrund 冰后隙;冰斗隙</p><p>best fit line 最优拟合线</p><p>B-horizon B层;淀积层</p><p>bias 偏误;偏差</p><p>bidder 投标人;出价人</p><p>bid-rent 出价地租</p><p>bid-rent curve 出价地租曲线</p><p>bifurcation ratio 分叉比;分叉率</p><p>bimodal 集峰</p><p>binomial curve 二项曲线</p><p>biochemical oxygen demand(BOD) 生化需氧量</p><p>biocycle 生物循环</p><p>biodegradation 生物降解</p><p>biogeochemical cycle 生物地球化学循环</p><p>biogeography 生物地理学</p><p>biological concentration 生物密集</p><p>biological control 生物防治</p><p>biological indicator 指示生物</p><p>biological monitor 生物调节者</p><p>biological productivity 生物生产力</p><p>biological purification 生物净化</p><p>biological weathering 生物风化</p><p>biomass 生物量</p><p>biome 生物群落</p><p>biosphere 生物圈</p><p>biota (biotic community) 生物群</p><p>biotic balance (equilibrium) 生物平衡</p><p>biotic barrier 生物阻限</p><p>biotic climax 生物顶极〔群落〕</p><p>biotic community (biota) 生物群</p><p>biotic component 生物组元</p><p>biotic condition 生物条件</p><p>biotic environment 生物环境;生命环境</p><p>biotic equilibrium (balance) 生物平衡</p><p>biotic factor 生物因素;生命因素</p><p>biotite 黑云母</p><p>biotype 生物〔类〕型</p><p>bird's foot delta 鸟足状三角洲</p><p>birth control 节育;计划生育</p><p>birth rate 出生率</p><p>birth-death ratio 生死比率</p><p>bituminous coal 烟煤</p><p>black alkali soil 黑碱土</p><p>black earth 黑土</p><p>blast furnace 鼓风炉</p><p>bleached horizon 漂白层</p><p>blighted area (1)萎缩地区,(2)枯萎区</p><p>blizzard 暴风雪;雪暴</p><p>block diagram 立体图</p><p>block disintegration 块状崩解;块状分裂</p><p>block mountain 断块山</p><p>blood rain 血雨</p><p>blood worm 红虫;颤虫</p><p>blow-hole 吹穴</p><p>blowout (deflation hollow) 吹蚀穴;风蚀洼地</p><p>bluff 陡坡;陡崖</p><p>body wave 体波</p><p>bog 藓沼;沼泽</p><p>bog peat 沼泽泥炭</p><p>bora 布拉风(地中海北岸)</p><p>boreal climate 北部〔森林〕气候</p><p>boreal forest 北部针叶林</p><p>borehole 钻孔;探孔</p><p>boulder 巨砾;石砾</p><p>boulder clay 泥砾</p><p>boulder fan 巨砾扇</p><p>boulder-controlled slope 砾块控制坡</p><p>boundary (1)界限,(2)边界</p><p>boundary layer 边界层</p><p>brackish water 微咸水</p><p>brackish water habitat 微咸水生境</p><p>braided stream 分汊河道</p><p>branching channel 辫状河</p><p>breaching of dyke 决堤</p><p>break8ing point 市场分界点</p><p>breaker zone 碎波区;破波区</p><p>break-of-bulk-point 转运点</p><p>breakwater 防波堤</p><p>breccia 角砾岩</p><p>breeder reactor 增殖反应堆</p><p>breeze 微风</p><p>bridging point 架桥点</p><p>broad-leaved forest 阔叶林</p><p>bromine 溴</p><p>bronchial ailment 支气管失调</p><p>brown desert steppe soil 棕色荒漠草原土;棕钙土</p><p>brown earth 棕壤</p><p>brown forest soil 棕色森林土</p><p>brown podzolic soil 灰化棕色土;灰化棕壤</p><p>browsing stock 放牧牲畜</p><p>buckling (1)弯曲,(2)地壳弯曲</p><p>buffer 缓冲</p><p>built-up area 已建区</p><p>bulk carrier 散装货轮</p><p>bund 堤</p><p>Burgess's Concentric Model 伯吉斯同心区模式</p><p>burrowing animal 穴居动物;钻洞动</p><p>bush fallowing 灌丛休耕法</p><p>bush veld 灌丛草原(南非)</p><p>bushfire 林火</p><p>business turnover 营业额</p><p>butte 小方丘;孤丘</p><p>buttress root 板根</p><p>by-census 中期人口普查;中期户口统计cactus 仙人掌</p><p>cadmium 镉</p><p>Cainozoic (Cenozoic) era 新生</p><p>calcareous crust 代钙质地表层;石灰结皮;石灰结壳</p><p>calcareous rock 钙质岩</p><p>calcareous soil 钙质土;石灰性土壤</p><p>calcic horizon 钙质层</p><p>calcification 钙化作用</p><p>calcimorphic soil 钙成土</p><p>calciphilous plant 适钙植物;喜钙植物</p><p>calcite 方解石</p><p>calcium carbonate 碳酸钙</p><p>caldera 破火山口</p><p>Caledonian mountain-building movement 加里东造山运动</p><p>caliche 钙质层</p><p>calm (1)无风,(2)静</p><p>calorie 卡路里;卡</p><p>Cambrian period 寒武纪</p><p>camouflage 保护色作用</p><p>canopy 冠层</p><p>canyon 峡谷</p><p>cape 岬〔角〕</p><p>capillary action 毛〔细〕管作用</p><p>capital (1)资金;资本,(2)首都</p><p>capital accumulation 资本累积</p><p>capital city 首都</p><p>capital goods 资本货物</p><p>capital investment 资本投资</p><p>capital-intensive industry 资本密集工业</p><p>cap-rock 冠岩;覆盖石</p><p>caravan 商队(北非)</p><p>carbohydrate 碳水化合物</p><p>carbon cycle 碳循环</p><p>carbon monoxide 一氧化碳</p><p>carbonaceous rock 炭质岩</p><p>carbonation 碳化作用</p><p>carbonic acid 碳酸</p><p>Carboniferous period 石炭纪</p><p>carcinogen 致癌物</p><p>cardinal points 方位基点</p><p>caribou 驯鹿</p><p>carnivore 食肉动物;食肉生物</p><p>carrying capacity 负载能力</p><p>cartographic technique 绘图技巧</p><p>cartography 绘图学</p><p>cascade 小瀑布</p><p>case study 个案研究;学习事例</p><p>cash crop 经济作物;现金作物</p><p>cash tenancy 现金租用耕地制</p><p>cassava 木薯</p><p>cast iron 铸铁</p><p>cataract 急流</p><p>catastrophic effect 灾难性后果</p><p>catch crop 填闲作物</p><p>catchment area (1)集水区,(2)从属区</p><p>catchwater 引水道</p><p>category 类型;类别</p><p>catena (soil catena) 土链</p><p>cation 阳离子;正离子</p><p>cation exchange capacity 阳离子交换能力;正离子交换能力</p><p>cattle rearing 牧牛业</p><p>cavern 岩洞</p><p>cavitation 空化〔作用〕</p><p>cellular circulation 环型环流</p><p>Celsius scale 摄氏温度表</p><p>cementation 胶结〔作用〕</p><p>Cenozoic (Cainozoic) era 新生代</p><p>census 代人口普查;户口统计</p><p>central business district (CBD) 商业中心区</p><p>central city 中心城</p><p>central place 中地;中心地</p><p>central tendency 集中趋势</p><p>centrality 中心性</p><p>centralization 集中</p><p>centrally-planned economy 中央计划经济</p><p>centre of gravity 重心</p><p>centrifugal drainage 离心水系</p><p>centrifugal force 离心力</p><p>centripetal drainage 向心水系</p><p>centripetal force 向心力</p><p>cereal 谷类</p><p>cesspool 污水池;粪池</p><p>chain island 列岛</p><p>chain shop 连锁店</p><p>chalk 白垩</p><p>chance factor 机遇因素</p><p>channel (1)海峡,(2)水道,(3)河槽;河床</p><p>channel capacity 河道容量</p><p>channel cutting 河道割切</p><p>channel density 河网密度</p><p>channel equilibrium 河道平衡</p><p>channel erosion 河道侵蚀</p><p>channel filling 河道淤塞</p><p>channel flow 河道径流;河槽径流</p><p>channel frequency 河道频数</p><p>channel gradient (slope) 河道坡度;河床坡度</p><p>channel improvement 河道整治</p><p>channel length 河道长度</p><p>channel realignment 河道改道</p><p>channel roughness 河床糙度</p><p>channel slope (gradient) 河道坡度;河床坡度</p><p>channel width 河道宽度</p><p>channelled runoff 河道径流</p><p>channelling 开渠;开新槽</p><p>chaparral 浓密常绿阔叶灌丛(美国加利福尼亚和墨西哥)</p><p>chart 图;图表</p><p>chemical industry 化学工业</p><p>chemical oxygen demand (COD) 化学需氧量</p><p>chemical waste 化学废物</p><p>chemical weathering 化学风化</p><p>chemically formed sedimentary rock 化学作用形成的沉积岩</p><p>chemosynthesis 化合作用;化学合成</p><p>chernozem 黑钙土</p><p>chestnut brown soil 栗钙褐土</p><p>chestnut soil 栗钙土</p><p>child-bearing age group 生育年龄组</p><p>chili 奇利风(突尼斯的干热风)</p><p>chinook 钦诺克风(北美)</p><p>chi-square 卡方</p><p>chloroflurocarbons (CFCs) 氯氟碳</p><p>chlorophyll 叶绿素</p><p>C-horizon C层;母质层</p><p>choropleth map 等值域图</p><p>Christaller's Central Place Theory 克里斯泰勒中地学说</p><p>chute (1)奔流;瀑流,(2)流槽</p><p>cinder cone 火山渣锥</p><p>circular causation 循环因果</p><p>circum-Pacific belt 环太平洋带</p><p>circumpolar westerlies 环极西风</p><p>cirque (corrie, cwm) 冰斗</p><p>cirrocumulus 卷积云</p><p>cirrostratus 卷层云</p><p>cirrus 卷云</p><p>city 城市</p><p>city (urban) planner 城市规划师</p><p>city (urban) planning 城市规划</p><p>city centre 市中心</p><p>city plan 城市平面图</p><p>city proper 城市市区部分</p><p>class 区;组;类</p><p>class boundary 组界</p><p>class interval 组区间;组距</p><p>class limit 组限;区限</p><p>class mark (class mid-point) 组中点;组中点</p><p>class mid-point (class mark) 组中点;区中点</p><p>clastic deposit 碎屑沉积</p><p>clay 黏土</p><p>clay loam 黏质壤土</p><p>clay pan 黏盘</p><p>clay particle 黏土颗粒</p><p>clayey 黏质</p><p>clay-humus complex 黏粒腐殖质复合体</p><p>cliff 悬崖;峭壁</p><p>climate 气候</p><p>climate modification 〔人工〕改变气候</p><p>climatic amelioration 气候改良</p><p>climatic anomaly 气候异常</p><p>climatic barrier 气候障壁</p><p>climatic change 气候变化;气候变迁</p><p>climatic classification 气候分类</p><p>climatic climax 气候顶极〔群落〕</p><p>climatic deterioration 气候恶化</p><p>climatic element 气候要素</p><p>climatic factor 气候因子</p><p>climatic graph 气候图〔表〕</p><p>climatic map 气候图</p><p>climatic oscillation 气候变化;气候变动</p><p>climatic prediction 气候预报</p><p>climatic region 气候区</p><p>climatic regulation 气候调节〔作用〕</p><p>climatology 气候学</p><p>climax 顶极〔群落〕</p><p>climax community 顶极群落</p><p>climax vegetation 顶极植物</p><p>climber 攀绿植物</p><p>climbing plant 攀绿植物</p><p>climograph 气候图</p><p>clinometer 倾角仪;测斜仪</p><p>clint 石灰岩岩脊;石芽</p><p>closed system 密闭系统</p><p>clothing industry 制衣业</p><p>cloud 云</p><p>cloud cover (cloudiness) 云量</p><p>cloud reflection 云盖反射</p><p>cloud seeding 播云;云的催化</p><p>cloud type 云型</p><p>cloudiness (cloud cover) 云量</p><p>cluster sampling 类集抽样</p><p>coagulation 混凝</p><p>coal seam 煤层</p><p>coalfield 煤田</p><p>coarse texture soil 粗质地土壤</p><p>coarse tuff 粗粒凝灰岩</p><p>coarse-grained rock 粗粒岩石</p><p>coastal landform 海岸地貌;海岸地形</p><p>coastal plain 海岸平原</p><p>coastline 海岸线</p><p>cobble 中砾</p><p>coding 编码</p><p>cohesion 内聚力;凝聚力</p><p>cohort 同期组群</p><p>coking coal 〔炼〕焦煤</p><p>col 山口;山坳</p><p>cold current 寒流</p><p>cold desert 寒〔带荒〕漠</p><p>cold front 冷锋</p><p>cold resistance 耐寒性</p><p>cold temperate climate 寒温带气候</p><p>cold wave 寒潮</p><p>collective farming 集体农业</p><p>collectivization 集体化</p><p>colloid 胶体</p><p>colluvium 崩积物;崩积层;坡积物</p><p>colonization (1)殖民;拓殖,(2)集群;定殖;占据</p><p>colony 集群;群体</p><p>columnar jointing 柱状节理</p><p>columnar structure 柱状结构</p><p>combine harvester 联合收割机;多用途收割机</p><p>commercial centre 商业中心</p><p>commercial farming 商业性农业</p><p>commercial zone 商业区</p><p>commercialization 商业化</p><p>commune 公社</p><p>communication (1)交通,(2)通讯</p><p>community (1)社区,(2)群落</p><p>community facility 社区设施</p><p>community organization 社区组织</p><p>community shopping centre 社区购物中心</p><p>commuter 通勤者;往返市区工作地点及郊区住所的人</p><p>commuter zone 通勤带</p><p>compact texture 致密结构</p><p>comparative advantage 相对优势</p><p>comparison goods 需比较商品</p><p>compass 罗盘;指南针</p><p>compass (angular, whole circle) bearing 方位角</p><p>compass points 罗盘指标;罗盘方位</p><p>competence of stream 河流搬运最大颗粒能力</p><p>competition for location 区位竞争</p><p>competition for space 空间竞争</p><p>component 组元</p><p>composite cone 复合火山锥</p><p>composting 堆肥</p><p>comprehensive redevelopment area 综合性重建区</p><p>compressional force 挤压力</p><p>computation 计算</p><p>concave bank 凹岸</p><p>concave slope 凹坡</p><p>concentration 集结</p><p>concentric zone theory 同心圆地带论</p><p>concordant (longitudinal) coast 顺向海岸;纵式海岸</p><p>concretion 结核〔作用〕</p><p>condensation 凝结</p><p>condensation level 凝结高度</p><p>condensation nuclei 凝结核心</p><p>conduction of heat 热传导</p><p>conelet 小型火山锥</p><p>confluence 汇流点</p><p>congelifraction 融冻〔崩解〕作用</p><p>conglomerate 砾岩</p><p>conical hill 锥形山</p><p>conifer 针叶树</p><p>coniferous forest 针叶林</p><p>connectivity 连接程度</p><p>consequent drainage 顺向水系</p><p>conservation 养护;保养;保护;保存;节约</p><p>conservation of resources 资源保养</p><p>constant slope 直坡</p><p>constructive plate boundary 建设性皮块边界</p><p>constructive wave 建设性波浪;堆积浪</p><p>consumer 消费者</p><p>consumer behaviour 消费行为;消费者行为</p><p>container 集装箱;货柜</p><p>container terminal 集装箱码头;货柜码头</p><p>containerization 集装箱化;货柜化</p><p>continent 洲;大陆</p><p>continental air mass 大陆气团</p><p>continental apron (rise) 大陆隆</p><p>continental climate 大陆〔性〕气候</p><p>continental collision 大陆碰撞</p><p>continental crust 大陆地壳;陆壳</p><p>continental drift 大陆漂移</p><p>continental edge (fringe, margin) 大陆边缘</p><p>continental fringe (edge, margin) 大陆边缘</p><p>continental glacier 大陆冰川</p><p>continental island 大陆岛</p><p>continental margin (edge, fringe) 大陆边缘</p><p>continental nucleus 陆核</p><p>continental plate 大陆板块</p><p>continental plate boundary 大陆板块边界</p><p>continental rise (apron) 大陆隆</p><p>continental rupture 大陆破裂</p><p>continental shelf 大陆〔棚〕架</p><p>continental shield 地盾</p><p>continental slope 〔大〕陆〔斜〕坡</p><p>continental suturing 大陆缝合作用</p><p>continentality 大陆性;大陆度</p><p>contour farming (ploughing) 等高耕作〔法〕</p><p>contour line 等高线</p><p>contour map 等高线图</p><p>contour mapping 等高线绘图</p><p>contour method 等高线法</p><p>contour ploughing (farming) 等高耕作〔法〕</p><p>contraception 避孕</p><p>contract farming 合约式农业</p><p>controlled flooding 控制漫灌〔法〕</p><p>controlled tip 废物堆填区</p><p>controlled tipping 废物堆填法</p><p>conurbation 联都;集合城市〔区〕</p><p>convection (convectional) rain 对流雨</p><p>convection (convective) current (1)对流,(2)对流气流</p><p>convection of heat 热对流</p><p>convective (convection) current (1)对流,(2)对流气流</p><p>convenience goods 日用品;常用商品</p><p>conventional sign 图例;沿用图例;惯用符号</p><p>convergence (1)辐合,(2)聚合</p><p>convex bank 凸岸</p><p>convex slope 凸坡</p><p>cool temperate climate 凉温带气候</p><p>co-operative farming 合作社式农业</p><p>coordinate 坐标</p><p>coral reef 珊瑚礁</p><p>cordillera 雁列山(美洲 )</p><p>core (1) 地核;地心,(2)核心</p><p>core area 核心区</p><p>corestone 核心石;岩心</p><p>Coriolis effect 科里奥效应</p><p>Coriolis force 科里奥利力;地球自转偏向力</p><p>Corn Belt 玉米带(美)</p><p>corrasion (abrasion) 磨蚀〔作用〕刻蚀〔作用〕</p><p>corrective measure 改善措施</p><p>correlation 相关</p><p>corrie (cirque, cwm) 冰斗</p><p>corrosion 溶蚀〔作用〕</p><p>cosmic ray 宇宙射线</p><p>cost minimization 生产成本最低化;成本的极少化</p><p>cost of living 生活费</p><p>cost-benefit analysis 损益分析;成本收益分析</p><p>cottage industry 家庭式工业</p><p>counter radiation 逆辐射</p><p>counter-urbanization 逆城市化</p><p>country park 郊野公园</p><p>country rock 围岩</p><p>crag and tail 鼻尾丘</p><p>crater 火山口</p><p>crest 山脊</p><p>Cretaceous period 白垩纪</p><p>crevasse 冰隙;裂隙</p><p>critical discharge 临界流量</p><p>critical isodapane 临界等总运费线</p><p>crop and livestock farming 耕牧混合农业</p><p>crop breeding 作物育种</p><p>crop failure 作物失收;作物减产</p><p>crop rotation 轮植;轮作;轮耕</p><p>cropping pattern 作物生产型式</p><p>cropping region 作物区</p><p>cropping system 耕作制度;农作制度</p><p>cross breeding 杂交育种;杂交繁育</p><p>cross section 横剖面;横切面</p><p>cross-bedding 交错层</p><p>crown 树冠</p><p>crude birth rate 粗出生率;毛出生率</p><p>crude death rate 粗死亡率;毛死亡率</p><p>crumb structure 屑粒结构</p><p>crust (earth's crust) 地壳</p><p>crystal 晶体</p><p>crystalline rock 结晶岩</p><p>crystallization 结晶〔作用〕</p><p>cuesta 单斜脊;单面山</p><p>cuesta scarp 单斜脊崖(前坡);鬣崖</p><p>cultural landscape 文化景观</p><p>cumulative causation 累积因果</p><p>cumulative frequency 累积频数;累积频率</p><p>cumulative frequency curve 累积频数曲线;穹形线</p><p>cumulonimbus 积雨云</p><p>cumulus 积云</p><p>cup anemometer 转杯风速计</p><p>curde oil 原油</p><p>current meter 流速计</p><p>current speed 流速</p><p>cuspate delta 尖头三角洲</p><p>cut off slope 削蚀坡</p><p>cut-and-fill (1)边冲边淤(曲流) (2)先冲后淤(河床)</p><p>cuticle 角质层</p><p>cut-off (1)截流;断流,(2)裁湾〔作用〕</p><p>cut-off lake (oxbow lake) 牛轭湖</p><p>cutting 〔削〕切面</p><p>cwm (cirque, corrie) 冰斗</p><p>cycle of erosion 侵蚀循环</p><p>cycle of poverty 贫穷循环</p><p>cyclone 气旋</p><p>cyclone track 气旋路线</p><p>cyclonic circulation 气旋环流</p><p>cyclonic flow 气旋流动</p><p>cyclonic rain 气旋雨daily (diurnal) range of temperature 日温差</p><p>dairy cattle 乳牛;乳用牛</p><p>dairy farming 乳牛畜牧业</p><p>Dalmatian coast 达尔马提亚型海岸;顺向海岸</p><p>dam 水坝</p><p>dam-failure 溃坝;垮坝</p><p>data analysis 数据分析;资料分析</p><p>data collection 数据搜集;资料搜集</p><p>data interpretation 数据阐释;资料阐释</p><p>data processing 数据处理;数据处理</p><p>data representation 数据表达;资料表达</p><p>de facto population 现住人口</p><p>de jure population 常住人口</p><p>death rate 死亡率</p><p>debris avalanche 岩屑崩落</p><p>debris flow 泥石流</p><p>debris slope 岩屑坡</p><p>decalcification 脱钙作用</p><p>decay 腐烂;分解</p><p>decentralization 分散;离心</p><p>decibel (dB) 分贝</p><p>deciduous forest 落叶林</p><p>decision maker 决策者</p><p>declining region 衰落区</p><p>decomposer 分解者</p><p>decomposing organism 分解生物</p><p>decomposition 分解〔作用〕</p><p>deep-focus earthquake 深源地震</p><p>deferred junction 延长汇点</p><p>deferred stream 延长河</p><p>deflation 吹蚀〔作用〕</p><p>deflation hollow (blowout) 吹蚀穴;风蚀洼地</p><p>deflation varnish 吹蚀漆皮</p><p>deflection 偏向</p><p>deflection (deflective, deviating) force 偏向力;偏转力</p><p>deflective (deflecting, deviating) force 偏向力;偏转力</p><p>defoliation 去叶;落叶;脱叶</p><p>deforestation 伐林</p><p>deformation 变形;变态</p><p>deglomeration 反聚集力</p><p>degradable plastics 可降解塑料</p><p>degradation 陵削〔作用〕减坡</p><p>degrading stream 夷低河;削蚀河;下切河流</p><p>dehydration 脱水〔作用〕</p><p>deionized water 去离子水</p><p>delta 三角洲</p><p>demand potential 需求潜在力</p><p>demographic data 人口数据;人口资料</p><p>demographic structure 人口结构</p><p>demographic transition 人口过渡;人口转变</p><p>demographic transition theory 人口过渡论</p><p>demography 人口统计学;人口学</p><p>dendritic drainage 〔树〕枝状水系</p><p>denitrification 反硝化作用</p><p>densely populated 人口稠密</p><p>density 密度</p><p>density map 密度图</p><p>denudation 剥蚀〔作用〕</p><p>denudation chronology 剥蚀年代</p><p>dependency population 依赖人口;受抚养人口</p><p>dependency ratio 依赖比率;抚养比率</p><p>dependent variable 应变量;应变数</p><p>depopulation 人口减少;人口下降</p><p>deposit 沉积物</p><p>deposition 沉积〔作用〕</p><p>depreciation (1)折旧,(2)贬值;货币贬值</p><p>depressed region 葨落区域</p><p>depression (1)低气压,(2)洼地</p><p>deranged drainage 冰碛平原水系;扰乱水系</p><p>desalinization 脱盐作用</p><p>descriptive statistics 描述统计学</p><p>desert 荒漠;沙漠</p><p>desert climate 荒漠气候;沙漠气候</p><p>desert encroachment 荒漠扩展;沙漠扩侵</p><p>desert pavement 荒漠〔卵石〕覆盖层;沙漠〔卵石〕覆盖层</p><p>desert plateau 荒漠高原;沙漠高原</p><p>desert varnish 荒漠漆皮</p><p>desertification 荒漠化;沙漠化</p><p>desiccation 干燥作用;变旱</p><p>desilication 脱硅作用</p><p>destructive plate boundary 破坏性板块边界</p><p>destructive wave 破坏性〔波〕浪</p><p>detached building 独立式楼宇</p><p>detritus (1)碎屑;岩屑,(2)腐屑</p><p>developed country 已发展国家</p><p>developing country 发展中国家</p><p>development level 发展水平</p><p>deviating (deflecting, deflective) force 偏向力;偏转力</p><p>deviation 偏差</p><p>Devonian period 泥盆纪</p><p>dew 露</p><p>dew point 露点</p><p>D-horizon D层;基岩层</p><p>diagenesis 成岩作用</p><p>diagonal linkage 对角联系</p><p>diastrophism 地壳运动</p><p>differential erosion 差别侵蚀</p><p>differential weathering 差别风化</p><p>diffuse radiation 扩散辐射</p><p>diffusion 漫射;扩散</p><p>dike (dyke) (1)岩墙;岩脉,(2)堤</p><p>dilution 稀释</p><p>diminishing return 收益递减</p><p>dip 倾斜</p><p>dip angle 倾角</p><p>dip direction 倾向</p><p>dip slope 倾向坡</p><p>direct proportion 正比例</p><p>disaster relief 救灾</p><p>discharge 流量</p><p>disclimax 亚演替顶极</p><p>discordant coast 横或海岸</p><p>discordant drainage 不协调水系</p><p>discrete data 不连续数据</p><p>disease control 疾病控制</p><p>diseconomies of scale 规模不经济</p><p>disintegration 崩解;分解</p><p>dismembered drainage 解体水系</p><p>dispersed settlement 分散聚落</p><p>dispersion (1)离〔中〕趋势;离〔中〕差,(2)离散</p><p>displacement 位移</p><p>disposal 处置;处理</p><p>dissected plateau 切割高原</p><p>dissection 切割〔作用〕分割〔作用〕</p><p>dissipation 消散〔作用〕</p><p>dissolved load 溶解〔搬运〕质</p><p>dissolved oxygen (DO) 溶解氧</p><p>distance decay 随距递减;随距衰减</p><p>distributary 分流</p><p>distribution 分布</p><p>distributional pattern 分布形态</p><p>diurnal (daily) range of temperature 日温差</p><p>divergence (1)辐散,(2)分向</p><p>diversification 多元化</p><p>divided circle (pie graph) 圆瓣图</p><p>division of labour 分工</p><p>doldrums 赤道无风带</p><p>dolerite 粗玄岩</p><p>doline 溶斗;〔漏斗形〕灰岩坑</p><p>domain 领域</p><p>dome 穹丘,圆丘</p><p>domesti refuse 家庭废物</p><p>domestic sewage 生活污水;家庭污水</p><p>domesticated animal 驯养家畜</p><p>domestication 驯化;驯养</p><p>dominant animal 优势动物</p><p>dominant plant 优势植物</p><p>dominant species 优势种</p><p>dormancy 休眠</p><p>dormant volcano 睡火山</p><p>dormitory suburb 郊外居住区;郊外住宅区</p><p>dormitory town 居住城镇</p><p>dot map 点示图</p><p>double cropping 雨造耕作;双作</p><p>downcutting 下蚀〔作用〕下切侵蚀</p><p>downdraft (downdraught) 下沉气流</p><p>downfold 向斜</p><p>downstream 下游</p><p>downthrow 下盘</p><p>downtown 市中心;城市商业区(美)</p><p>downward filtering process 下滤过程</p><p>downwelling 沉降流</p><p>downwind effect 下沉风效应</p><p>drag velocity 摩阻流速</p><p>drainage (1)水系,(2)排水</p><p>drainage area (1)流域,(2)排水区</p><p>drainage basin 河盆;河域</p><p>drainage density 河网密度;排水密度</p><p>drainage network (1)河网,(2)排水网</p><p>drainage pattern 水系型〔式〕</p><p>drainage system 水系</p><p>draught animal 役畜</p><p>dredging 清淤;疏浚</p><p>dreikanter 三棱石;风棱石</p><p>drift (adlt) mining 横坑开采法</p><p>drift material 飘流物;漂流物</p><p>drill rig 钻油台;钻塔</p><p>drip-tip 滴水叶尖</p><p>drizzle 微雨;毛毛雨</p><p>drought 干旱</p><p>drought-resistant plant 抗旱性植物</p><p>drowned river valley (rai) 溺谷;溺河</p><p>drumlin 脊背丘;鼓丘</p><p>dry (arid) climate 干旱气候</p><p>dry (wind) gap 旱峡;风口</p><p>dry adiabatic lapse rate 干绝热〔温度〕递减率;干绝热〔温度〕直减率</p><p>dry crop 旱田作物</p><p>dry farming 旱耕〔法〕</p><p>dry rice 旱稻</p><p>dry valley 干谷;涸谷</p><p>dry-bulb thermometer 干球温度计</p><p>drying agent 干燥剂</p><p>duckweed 浮萍;青萍</p><p>dumping area 倾卸区</p><p>dune 沙丘</p><p>dune encroachment 沙丘扩侵</p><p>duplex house 复式房屋</p><p>durable goods 耐用品</p><p>duricrust 铝铁硅钙壳</p><p>duripan 硬盘</p><p>Dust Bowl 尘暴区(美)</p><p>dust storm 尘暴</p><p>dwelling unit 居住单位</p><p>dyke rock 脉岩</p><p>dyke(dike) (1)岩墙;岩脉,(2)堤</p><p>dynamic equilibrium 动态平衡</p><p>earth movement 地壳运动</p><p>earth pillar 土柱</p><p>earth revolution 地球公转</p><p>earth rotation 地球自转</p><p>earth-flow 泥流</p><p>earthquake 地震</p><p>earthquake focus 震源</p><p>earthquake intensity 地震强度</p><p>earthquake origin 震源</p><p>earthquake period 地震期</p><p>earthquake prediction 地震预报</p><p>earthquake scale 地震震级</p><p>earthquake wave 地震波</p><p>earthquake zone 地震带</p><p>earthquake-prooff design 抗震设计</p><p>earth's axis 地轴</p><p>earth's crust (crust) 地壳</p><p>earthy 土状</p><p>easterlies (1)东风,(2)东风带</p><p>easting 东行线</p><p>ecocline 生态变异;生态差型</p><p>ecological balance 生态平衡</p><p>ecological community 生态群落</p><p>ecological crisis 生态危机</p><p>ecological damage 生态破坏</p><p>ecological efficiency 生态效率</p><p>ecological niche 生态位;小生境</p><p>ecological pyramid 生态塔</p><p>ecological succession 生态演替</p><p>ecology 生态学</p><p>economic base 经济基础</p><p>economic bloc 经济集团</p><p>economic depression 经济萧条</p><p>economic development 经济发展</p><p>economic growth 经济增长</p><p>economic man 经济人</p><p>economic recession 经济衰退</p><p>economic recovery 经济复苏</p><p>economic region 经济区</p><p>economic rent 经济租值</p><p>economic take-off 经济起飞</p><p>economic utility 经济效用</p><p>economically active population 经济活动人口</p><p>economically inactive population 非经济活动人口</p><p>economies of scale 规模经济效益</p><p>ecosphere 生态圈</p><p>ecosystem 生态系统</p><p>ecotone 群落过渡带;群落交错区</p><p>ecotype 生态型</p><p>edaphic climax 土壤演替顶极〔群落〕</p><p>edaphic factor 土壤因素</p><p>eddy 旋涡</p><p>effciency of energy transfer 能量变换效率;能量转换效率</p><p>effective precipitation 有效降水〔量〕</p><p>effluent (1)污水;废水,(2)湖源河</p><p>eight point compass 八方位罗盘</p><p>elasticity of demand 需求弹性</p><p>elasticity of supply 供给弹性</p><p>elbow of capture 袭夺〔河〕弯</p><p>electrical conductivity 导电性;导电率</p><p>electromagnetic wave 电磁波</p><p>electronics industry 电子业</p><p>elevated peneplain 上升准平原</p><p>elevation (1)海拔;高度,(2)仰角</p><p>eluvial deposit (1)残积物,(2)淋溶沉积物</p><p>eluvial horizon 淋溶层</p><p>eluviation 淋溶〔作用〕淋失〔作用〕</p><p>embankment 堤基</p><p>emergence 上升</p><p>emergent (1)露生植物,(2)挺水植物</p><p>emergent coast 上升海岸</p><p>emigrant 移民</p><p>emigration 移居国外</p><p>empirical data 实验数据</p><p>employment structure 就业结构</p><p>end (terminal) moraine 终〔冰〕</p><p>endangered species 濒临灭绝的生物品种;濒危物种</p><p>endogenic process 内力作用;内成作用</p><p>energy balance 能量平衡</p><p>energy budget 能量收支</p><p>energy conservation 能源节约</p><p>energy crisis 能源危机</p><p>energy deficit 能量亏损</p><p>energy efficiency 能量效率;能源效率</p><p>energy flow 能〔量〕流</p><p>energy level 能量级</p><p>energy ratio 能量比率</p><p>energy reserve 能源蕴藏</p><p>energy resources 能源〔资源〕</p><p>energy source 能源</p><p>energy subsidy 能源补助</p><p>energy surplus 能量过剩</p><p>energy transfer 能量转移</p><p>engineering industry 机械工业</p><p>englacial moraine 内〔冰〕碛</p><p>entisol 新成土</p><p>entrenched meander 嵌入曲流;深切曲流</p><p>entrenched stream 嵌入河;深切河</p><p>entrenched valley 嵌入〔河〕谷;深切〔河〕谷</p><p>entrepot 转口港</p><p>entrepreneur 企业家</p><p>entrepreneurial factor 企业管理因素</p><p>environmental capacity 环境容量</p><p>environmental conservation 环境保护</p><p>environmental constraint 环境限制</p><p>environmental degradation 环境退化</p><p>environmental education 环境教育</p><p>environmental gradient 环境梯度</p><p>environmental hazard 环境灾害;环境危害</p><p>environmental impact 环境影响</p><p>environmental impact statment 环境影响报告</p><p>environmental improvement 环境改善</p><p>environmental lapse rate 环境〔温度〕递减率;环境〔温度〕直减率</p><p>environmental perception 环境感观</p><p>environmental planning 环境规则</p><p>environmental pollution 环境污染</p><p>environmental quality 环境质素</p><p>environmental resources 环境资源</p><p>environmental risk 环境风险</p><p>Eocene epoch 始新世</p><p>epeirogenic movement 造陆运动</p><p>ephermeral (1)短生植物,(2)短生</p><p>ephermeral stream 季节性河流;间歇〔性〕河〔流〕</p><p>epicdermis 表皮</p><p>epicentre 震央;震中</p><p>epiphyte 附生植物</p><p>Equator 赤道</p><p>equatorial air mass 赤道气团</p><p>equatorial climate 赤道气候</p><p>equatorial low 赤道低〔气〕压</p><p>equatorial rain forest 赤道雨林</p><p>equatorial trough 赤道低压槽</p><p>eradication of disease 消除疾病</p><p>erg (sandy desert) 砂质荒漠;砂质沙漠</p><p>erodibility 可侵蚀性</p><p>erosion 侵蚀</p><p>erosion cycle 侵蚀循环</p><p>erratic 漂石</p><p>eruption 爆发</p><p>escarpment 单斜山;马头丘</p><p>estancia 大牧场(南美)</p><p>estate (1)大农场,(2)</p><p>estuarine delta 河口三角洲</p><p>estuary 河口湾</p><p>ethnic area 种族区</p><p>ethnic group 种族群</p><p>ethnic minority 少数种族</p><p>ethnic segregation 种族隔离</p><p>Eurasia 欧亚大洲</p><p>eustasy 海面升降;海面进退</p><p>eustatic movement 海面升降运动</p><p>eutrophic 富养分</p><p>eutrophication 富养化〔作用〕</p><p>evaporation 蒸发〔作用〕</p><p>evapotranspiration 蒸发蒸腾作用</p><p>even (regular) slope 均匀坡</p><p>evergreen forest 常绿林</p><p>evolution 演化;进化</p><p>excavation (1)掘蚀,(2)挖掘</p><p>excessive urbanization 过度城市化</p><p>exchange capacity 交换量</p><p>exchangeable cation 交换性阳离子;交换性正离子</p><p>exfoliation 剥离〔作用〕;页状剥落〔作用〕</p><p>exhaust gas 废气;排气</p><p>exhumation 剥露〔作用〕</p><p>exogenic process 外力作用;外成作用</p><p>exotic river 外源河</p><p>exponential curve 指数曲线</p><p>export 出口</p><p>export-oriented industry 出口导向工业</p><p>exposed coast 裸露海岸;暴露海岸</p><p>extended family 大家庭</p><p>extensive farming 粗放式农业;广耕法</p><p>external economies 外部经济效益</p><p>external force 外〔营〕力</p><p>external migration 国外迁移;境外迁移</p><p>extinct species 已灭绝生物品种</p><p>extinct volcano 死火山</p><p>extinction of species 品种灭绝</p><p>extrapolation 外推法;外插法</p><p>extreme climate 极端气候</p><p>extreme environment 极端环境</p><p>extreme event 极端事件</p><p>extreme value 极值</p><p>extrusion 喷出;挤出</p><p>extrusive rock 喷出岩</p><p>extrusive vulcanicity 喷出火山作用</p><p>eye of tropical cyclone 〔热带气旋〕风眼fabricating industry 装配工业</p><p>factor of location 区位因素;布局因素</p><p>factor of production 生产因素</p><p>factor substitution 因素代替</p><p>Fahrenheit scale 华氏温度表</p><p>fall-line 瀑布线(美)</p><p>fallow 休耕</p><p>fallow time 休耕时间</p><p>family planning 家庭计划;计划生育</p><p>family-life cycle 家庭生活周期</p><p>farm size 农场面积</p><p>farm unit 农场单位</p><p>farmer's calender 农民行事历</p><p>farming 农业;耕作</p><p>farming efficiency 农耕效率</p><p>farming landscape 农业景观</p><p>farming method 耕作方法</p><p>farming practice 农耕方式</p><p>farming research 农业研究</p><p>farming season 农事季节</p><p>farming settlement 农业聚落</p><p>farming system 农业系统</p><p>farmland 农地</p><p>farmstead 农庄</p><p>fathom line 〔等〕噚线</p><p>fault 断层;断裂</p><p>fault breccia 断层角砾岩</p><p>fault line 断层线;断裂线</p><p>fault plane 断层面</p><p>fault scarp 断层崖</p><p>faulting 断层〔作用〕;断裂〔作用〕</p><p>fault-line scarp 断层线崖</p><p>fauna 动物群;动物区系</p><p>fazenda 大农场(巴西)</p><p>feature 形貌;特征</p><p>feedback 反馈</p><p>feedback loop 反馈环</p><p>feeder road 支线公路</p><p>feeding habit 摄食习性</p><p>fell-field (1)荒高地,(2)稀矮植物区</p><p>felspar (feldspar) 长石</p><p>fen 沼泽</p><p>fern 羊齿类动物;蕨</p><p>ferrallitic soil 铁铝土</p><p>Ferrel's law 费利尔定律</p><p>ferricrete 铁质壳</p><p>ferruginous soil 铁质土;富铁土</p><p>fertility (1)肥力,(2)生育力,(3)出生率</p><p>fertilizer 肥料</p><p>fetch 吹程;浪程</p><p>field boundary 农田边界</p><p>field capacity (field moisture capacity) 田间持水量</p><p>field crop 杂粮;大田作物</p><p>field investigation 实地调查</p><p>field moisture capacity (foeld capacity) 田间持水量</p><p>field observation 实地观察;野外观察</p><p>field of view 视野;视场</p><p>field reconnaissance 实地查勘;野外查勘;实地初测;野外初测</p><p>field size 农地面积</p><p>field sketching 实地描绘;野外描绘</p><p>field study 实地考察;野外考察</p><p>field survey 实地调查;野外调查</p><p>filtration 过滤</p><p>financial centre 金融中心</p><p>fine texture soil 幼质地土壤</p><p>fine-grained rock 幼粒岩石</p><p>finger lake 指状湖</p><p>finished product 制成品</p><p>finite population 有限总体</p><p>fiord (fjord) 峡湾</p><p>firebreak 隔火路</p><p>firn (neve) 粒雪;永久积翮;永久冰雪</p><p>fish pond 鱼塘</p><p>fishing ground 渔场</p><p>fissure eruption 裂缝喷发</p><p>fixed cost 固定成本</p><p>fixed dune 固定沙丘</p><p>fjord (fiord) 峡湾</p><p>flash flood 洪滥;山洪暴发</p><p>flat rock 平岩</p><p>flatted factory 分层工厂大厦</p><p>flat-topped hill 平顶山</p><p>floating dock 浮坞</p><p>floating population (1)浮动人口,(2)水上人口</p><p>flocculation 絮凝〔作用〕</p><p>flood (1)泛滥,(2)洪水</p><p>flood abatement 消洪;灭洪</p><p>flood alleviation 缓洪</p><p>flood control 防洪;洪水控制</p><p>flood crest (peak) 洪峰</p><p>flood damage 洪〔水灾〕害</p><p>flood detention 滞洪</p><p>flood discharge 洪水流量</p><p>flood diversion 分洪</p><p>flood duration (period) 汛期;洪水期</p><p>flood forecasting (prediction) 洪水预报</p><p>flood frequency 洪水频率</p><p>flood hazard 洪患</p><p>flood hydrograph 洪水过程线</p><p>flood insurance 洪水保险</p><p>flood irrigation 漫灌;淹灌</p><p>flood level 洪水位</p><p>flood peak (crest) 洪峰</p><p>flood period (duaration) 汛期;洪水期</p><p>flood prediction (forecasting) 洪水预报</p><p>flood proofing 防洪</p><p>flood protection 防洪;防汛</p><p>flood regulation 洪水调节</p><p>flood relief channel (floodway) 分洪道</p><p>flood season 洪水季;汛期</p><p>flood stage 洪水位</p><p>flood storage 蓄洪</p><p>flood wall 防洪墙</p><p>flood warning 洪水警报</p><p>flooding routing 洪水演算</p><p>flooding wave 洪水波</p><p>floodplain 泛滥平原</p><p>floodplain management 泛滥平原管理</p><p>floodway (flood relief channel) 分洪道</p><p>flora 植物群;植物区系</p><p>flow chart 流程图</p><p>flow diagram 流程图</p><p>flow line 流向线</p><p>flow of energy 能量流动</p><p>flow of resources 资源流动</p><p>flow of structure 流状构造</p><p>flow-line map 流向线图</p><p>fluvial deposit 河流沉积物</p><p>fluvial landform 河流地貌;河流地形</p><p>fluvial morphology 河流形态</p><p>fluvial process 河流作用</p><p>fluviological deposit 冰水沉积物</p><p>focal point 汇点;焦点</p><p>focal region 汇点区</p><p>fodder crop 饲料作物</p><p>foehn (fohn) 焚风</p><p>fog 雾</p><p>fog drip 雾滴</p><p>fohn (foehn) 焚风</p><p>fold 褶曲;褶皱</p><p>fold mountain 褶曲山;褶皱山</p><p>folding 褶曲〔作用〕;褶皱〔作用〕</p><p>foliated structure 菊状结构</p><p>food chain 食物链</p><p>food crop 粮食作物</p><p>food processing industry 食品加工业</p><p>food web 食物网</p><p>foodhill settlement 山麓聚落</p><p>footloose industry 无导向工业;随意区位工业</p><p>forced migration 强迫迁移</p><p>foreground 前景</p><p>foreland 前地</p><p>foreshock 前震</p><p>foreshore 前滩</p><p>forest 森林;树林</p><p>forest floor (1)林地,(2)林床;林地被覆物</p><p>forest reserve 护林区</p><p>forestry 林业</p><p>form ratio 宽深比(河流)</p><p>forward bearing 向前方位</p><p>fossil 化石</p><p>fossil oil 化石燃料</p><p>fracture zone 裂缝带</p><p>fragment 碎屑</p><p>free face 崖壁;直坡</p><p>free-market economy 自由市场经济</p><p>freeze-thaw action 冻融作用</p><p>freezing 结冰</p><p>freezing level 结冰高度</p><p>freight rate 运费率;运价</p><p>frequency 频数;频率;次数</p><p>frequency distribution 频率分布</p><p>frequency polygon 频数多边形;频率多边形</p><p>fresh rock 新鲜岩石</p><p>friable rock 酥炸土</p><p>friction 摩擦;阻力</p><p>friction of distance 路程阻力</p><p>frictional drag (resistance) 摩擦曳力;摩擦阻力</p><p>frictional layer 摩擦层</p><p>frictional resistance (drag) 摩擦阻力;摩擦曳力</p><p>frigid zone 寒带</p><p>fringing reef 岸礁;边礁;裙焦</p><p>front 锋</p><p>frontal fog 锋面雾</p><p>frontal precipitation 锋面降水</p><p>frontal rain 锋面雨</p><p>frontogenesis 锋生〔作用〕</p><p>frontolysis 锋消〔作用〕</p><p>frost 霜</p><p>frost action (frost shattering) 冻裂〔作用〕</p><p>frost wedging 冻楔作用</p><p>frost-free days (period) 无霜期</p><p>fruit gathering 野果采摘</p><p>fuel 燃料</p><p>fumarole 喷气孔</p><p>fume 烟</p><p>function 功能</p><p>functional classification 功能分类</p><p>functional hierarchy 功能层系</p><p>functional segregation 功能分化</p><p>functional specialization 功能专门店</p><p>functional unit 功能单位</p><p>functional zone 功能区</p><p>fungicide 杀真菌剂</p><p>fungus 真菌</p><p>furrow irrigation 沟灌</p><p>gabbro 辉长岩</p><p>galaxy 星系</p><p>gale 大风;烈风</p><p>gallery forest 走廊林</p><p>gap 山峡</p><p>gap town 峡口城市</p><p>garden city 花园城市</p><p>garment industry 制衣业;成衣业</p><p>gaseous waste 气体废料</p><p>gauging station 测水站;水文测量站</p><p>gelifaction 胶凝〔作用〕</p><p>genetics 遗传学</p><p>gentle slope 缓坡</p><p>geo 海蚀隙</p><p>geochemical cycle 地球化学循环</p><p>geographical (true) north 正北</p><p>geographical inertia 地理惯性</p><p>geographical information system (GIS) 地理信息系统</p><p>geologic (geological) time scale 地质年〔代〕表</p><p>geological age 地质年代</p><p>geology 地质学</p><p>geometric distribution 几何分布</p><p>geometric progression 几何等级</p><p>geostrophic wind 地转风</p><p>geosyncline 地槽</p><p>geothermal power 地热能</p><p>geyser 间歇喷泉</p><p>ghetto 〔城市中〕少数民族区</p><p>gill netting 刺网法</p><p>glacial deposit (drift) 冰川沉积物;冰碛</p><p>glacial landform 冰川地貌;冰川地形</p><p>glacial plain 冰成平原</p><p>glacial recession (retreat) 冰川后退</p><p>glacial snout 冰川鼻;冰川前端</p><p>glacial till (till) 冰川沉积物;冰碛物</p><p>glacial trought 冰川槽</p><p>glaciated valley 冰川谷</p><p>glaciation 冰川作用</p><p>glacier 冰川;冰河</p><p>glaciofluvial deposit 冰水沉积;冰河沉积;冰川沉积</p><p>gleization (gleying) 潜育〔作用〕</p><p>gley soil 潜育土</p><p>gleying (gleization) 潜育〔作用〕</p><p>global circulation 全球环流</p><p>global warming 全球增温</p><p>globe 地球仪</p><p>gneiss 片麻岩</p><p>Gondwanaland 冈瓦那古陆</p><p>gorge 峡谷</p><p>gour (mushroom rock, pedestral rock) 菌状石;风蚀柱</p><p>graben (rift valley) 地堑;裂谷</p><p>grade (1)均夷,(2)粒级,(3)等级,(4)地度</p><p>graded profile 均衡剖面</p><p>gradient 坡度</p><p>gradient wind 梯度风</p><p>grain diameter 粒径</p><p>grain elevator 谷物仓库</p><p>granite 花岗岩</p><p>granular distintegration 粒状崩解</p><p>granule 团粒;颗粒</p><p>graph 图表</p><p>graphical interpretation 图表阐析</p><p>graphical representation 图示;以图样表达</p><p>grassland (1)草原,(2)草地</p><p>gravel 砂砾</p><p>gravity 重力;地心吸力</p><p>gravity flow 重力水流</p><p>gravity model 引力模式;重力模式</p><p>grazing 放牧</p><p>great circle 大图圈</p><p>green area 绿化地区</p><p>green belt 绿化带</p><p>green manure 绿肥</p><p>green philosophy 绿色哲学</p><p>Green Revolution 绿色革命</p><p>greenhouse effect 温室气体</p><p>Greenwich (Prime) meridian 本初子午线</p><p>grey desert soil 灰钙土</p><p>grey desert steppe soil 灰色荒漠草原土</p><p>grey-brown desert soil 灰棕色荒漠土</p><p>grey-brown forest soil 灰棕色森林土</p><p>grid 〔方〕格网;图网</p><p>grid line 格网线;图网线</p><p>grid method 格网法;图网法</p><p>grid north 格网北;图网北</p><p>grid pattern 格网状</p><p>grid reference 格网坐标;图网坐标</p><p>grid road pattern 格网状道路型式</p><p>grid square 格网方格;图网方格</p><p>gridiron method 方格法</p><p>grike 〔岩〕溶沟;〔石炭〕岩沟</p><p>grinding 研磨作用</p><p>gross domestic product (GDP) 国内生产总值;本地生产总值</p><p>gross national product (GNP) 国民生产总值</p><p>gross national product (GNP) per capita 人均国民生产总值</p><p>gross primary production 总第一级生产量;总初级生产量</p><p>gross raw material 毛量原料</p><p>ground moraine 底碛</p><p>ground photograph 地面照片</p><p>ground radiation 地面幅射</p><p>ground water 地下水</p><p>ground water recharge 地下水补给</p><p>groundmass 基质</p><p>grouped data 分组数据;分组资料;分类数据;分类资料</p><p>growing season 生长期</p><p>growth centre 成长中心</p><p>growth form 生长型</p><p>groyne 海堤</p><p>guard cell 保卫细胞</p><p>gully 冲沟</p><p>gully control 沟蚀防治</p><p>gully erosion (gullying) 冲沟侵蚀;沟蚀</p><p>gust 阵风</p><p>gypsum 石膏habitat 生境</p><p>hachuring 晕滃法</p><p>Hadley cell 哈得来环流圈</p><p>haematite (hematite) 赤铁矿</p><p>hail 雹</p><p>hailstone 雹块</p><p>hailstorm 雹暴</p><p>halo 晕;日晕</p><p>halomorphic soil 盐成土</p><p>halophilous plant (halophyte) 盐生植物</p><p>hamada (hammade, rocky desert) 石〔质荒〕漠;石〔质沙〕漠;岩漠</p><p>hamlet 小村庄</p><p>hammade (hammade, rocky desert) 石〔质荒〕漠;石〔质沙〕漠;岩漠</p><p>hand specimen 手标本</p><p>handicraft industry 手工业</p><p>hanging glacier 悬冰川</p><p>hanging valley 悬谷</p><p>hardness 硬度</p><p>hardpan 硬盘</p><p>hardwood 硬木</p><p>HarrisUllman's Multi-Nuclei Model 哈里期和乌尔复核心模式</p><p>harvest 收成;收获</p><p>haulage 运费</p><p>hazard 灾害;公害</p><p>haze 霾</p><p>head of navigation 通航终点</p><p>headland 岬</p><p>headwater erosion 向源侵蚀;溯源侵蚀</p><p>headwater erosion 源头</p><p>heat (thermal) capacity 热容量</p><p>heat (thermal) pollution 热污染</p><p>heat absorption 热吸收</p><p>heat balance 热量平衡</p><p>heat budget 热量收支</p><p>heat island 热岛</p><p>heat release 放热</p><p>heat transfer 热量输送</p><p>heat wave 热浪</p><p>heath 荒原</p><p>heavy industry 重工业</p><p>heavy metal 重金属</p><p>heavy soil 黏重土〔壤〕</p><p>hectare 公顷</p><p>hectopascal (hPa) 百帕斯卡</p><p>hematite (haematite) 赤铁矿</p><p>herb 草本植物</p><p>herbicide 除草剂;除莠剂</p><p>herbivore 食草动物</p><p>Hercynian mountain-building movement 海西造山运动</p><p>herding 畜牧</p><p>hertz 赫(频率单位)</p><p>heterogeneous 异类;异质</p><p>heterotroph 异养生物</p><p>hierarchy 层系;阶层</p><p>high class residential zone 高等阶层住宅区;高尚住宅区</p><p>high density development 高密度发展</p><p>high order function 高级功能</p><p>high order goods 高档商品</p><p>high pressure area 高压区</p><p>high pressure system 高压系统</p><p>high technology 高科技</p><p>high tide 高潮;满潮</p><p>highland climate 高山气候</p><p>high-order manufacturing 高级工业</p><p>high-rise building 高建楼宇</p><p>high-rise development 高建发展</p><p>high-water mark 高潮线;高水位线</p><p>highway transport 公路运输</p><p>hill-shading 晕渲法;阴影法</p><p>hinterland 腹地</p><p>histogram 直方图</p><p>historical factor 历史因素</p><p>historical inertia 历史惯性</p><p>histosol 有机土;泥灰土;沼泽土</p><p>hoar frost 白霜</p><p>hobby-farmer 业余农民</p><p>Holocene epoch 全新世</p><p>Home Ownership Scheme 居者有其屋计划</p><p>homeostasis 自动平衡;体内平衡</p><p>homestead 家园;田园;宅地</p><p>homogeneous 同类;同质</p><p>honeycomb weathering 蜂窝状风化〔作用〕</p><p>horizantal integration 水平式合拼;横向合并;横向联合</p><p>horizantal linkage (lateral linkage) 水平式联系;横向联系</p><p>horizon (1)地平线,(2)土层</p><p>horizontal distance (equivalent) 水平距离</p><p>horizontal scale 水平比例〔尺〕</p><p>horn (pyramidal peak) 角峰</p><p>horse latitudes 亚热带无风带</p><p>horst 地垒</p><p>horticulture 园艺〔业〕</p><p>host 寄主</p><p>hot desert 热带荒漠;热带沙漠</p><p>hot spring 温泉</p><p>household 户;户口</p><p>housing estate 屋</p><p>housing problem 房屋问题</p><p>Hoyt's Sector Theory 霍伊特楔形模式;霍伊特扇形模式</p><p>human adjustment 人为调节;人为调节的行动</p><p>humic acid 腐殖酸</p><p>humid climate 湿润气候</p><p>humidity 湿度</p><p>humification 腐殖质化〔作用〕</p><p>humus 腐殖质</p><p>hurricane 飓风</p><p>hybrid 杂种</p><p>hydration 水化〔作用〕;水合〔作用〕</p><p>hydraulic action 水力作用</p><p>hydraulic head 〔压力〕水头</p><p>hydraulic radius 水力半径</p><p>hydridaisation 杂交;杂化</p><p>hydrocarbon 碳氢化合物</p><p>hydro-electric power 水力发电</p><p>hydrograph 水文过程线</p><p>hydrological (water) cycle 水分循环</p><p>hydrology 水文学</p><p>hydrolysis 水解〔作用〕</p><p>hydromorphic soil 水成土</p><p>hydrophyte 水生植物</p><p>hydrosphere 水圈;水界</p><p>hygrometer 湿度计</p><p>hygrophyte 湿生植物</p><p>hygroscopic nuclei 吸湿核心</p><p>hygroscopic water 浅成岩</p><p>hypothesis 假设</p><p>hypothesis testing 假设检验ice age 冰河时期;冰期</p><p>ice cap 冰盖;冰冠</p><p>ice cap climate 冰盖气候;冰冠气候</p><p>ice crystal 冰晶;冰晶体</p><p>ice nuclei 冰核</p><p>ice sheet 冰原;冰盖</p><p>iceberg 冰山</p><p>ice-dammed lake 冰堰湖</p><p>igneous activity 岩浆活动</p><p>igneous rock 火成岩</p><p>illiteracy rate 文盲率</p><p>illuvial horizon 淀积层</p><p>immature soil 未成年土</p><p>immigrant 移民</p><p>immigration 国外移入</p><p>impended drainage 不良排水</p><p>impermeable 不透水</p><p>impermeable rock 不透水岩</p><p>impervious rock 不透水岩</p><p>import 进口</p><p>import substitution 代替进口;进口取代</p><p>in situ 原位</p><p>incineration 焚化;焚烧</p><p>incised meander 深切曲流</p><p>inclination of the earth's axis 地轴倾斜度</p><p>independent variable 自变量;自变数</p><p>index 指数;指标</p><p>indicator species 指示物种</p><p>indigenous population 土著</p><p>indigenous species 本地品种</p><p>induced earthquake 诱发地震</p><p>industrial activity 工业活动</p><p>industrial agglomeration 工业集聚</p><p>industrial area 工业区</p><p>industrial base 工业基地</p><p>industrial chain 工业链锁</p><p>industrial development 工业发展</p><p>industrial dispersion 工业离散</p><p>industrial district 工业区</p><p>industrial estate 工业</p><p>industrial growth 工业增加</p><p>industrial inertia 工业惯性</p><p>industrial land use 工业土地利用</p><p>industrial landscape 工业景观</p><p>industrial linkage 工业联系</p><p>industrial location 工业区位</p><p>industrial pattern 工业型式</p><p>industrial population 工业人口</p><p>industrial relocation 工业区位转移</p><p>Industrial Revolution 工业革命</p><p>industrial sector 工业部门;工业部份</p><p>industrial shift 工业转移</p><p>industrial sururb 市效工业区</p><p>industrial waste 工业废料</p><p>industrial zone 工业区</p><p>industrialization 工业化</p><p>industry (1)工业,(2)行业</p><p>infant mortality rate 婴儿死亡率</p><p>infanticide 杀婴</p><p>infiltration rate 下渗率;渗润率</p><p>infinite population 无限总体</p><p>inflation 通货膨胀</p><p>inflitration 下渗〔作用〕;渗润〔作用〕</p><p>informal recreational activities 非形式化康乐活动</p><p>infrared radiation 红外线幅射</p><p>infrastructure 基本建设;基本设施</p><p>inland drainage 内陆水系</p><p>inland port 内陆港</p><p>inlet 小湾</p><p>in-migration 国内人口迁移;向内人口迁移</p><p>inner city 内城区</p><p>inner city decay 内城衰落</p><p>inorhanic pollutant 无机污染物</p><p>input 投入;输入</p><p>insecticide 杀虫剂</p><p>inselberg 岛山;残丘</p><p>inshore fishing 近岸捕鱼</p><p>insolation 日射</p><p>instability 不稳定〔状态〕</p><p>institutional factor 制度因素</p><p>institutional influence 制度影响</p><p>institutional land use 社团土地利用</p><p>instrusion 侵入</p><p>instrusive rock 侵入岩</p><p>instrusive vulcanicity 侵入火山活动</p><p>integrated iron and steel works 钢铁联合企业</p><p>intensity of development 发展密度</p><p>intensity of rainfall 降雨强度</p><p>intensive farming 精耕法;集约式农业</p><p>interception (1)截留,(2)截取</p><p>intercropping 间种〔法〕</p><p>interdependence 相互依赖</p><p>interflow 间层流;表层流</p><p>interlocking spur 交错山咀</p><p>intermediate technology 中等科技</p><p>intermittent stream 间竭河流;断续河流;季节河流</p><p>intermontance basin 山间盆地</p><p>internal force 内〔营〕力</p><p>internal migration 国内迁移;境内迁移</p><p>internal structure of city 城市内部结构</p><p>International Date Line 国际日期〔变更〕线</p><p>interpolation 插值〔法〕</p><p>interquartile range 四分位数间距</p><p>interrelationship 相互关系</p><p>interrupted stream 中断河</p><p>Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) 热带幅合带</p><p>inter-tropical front 热带锋</p><p>inter-urban interaction 城市间相互作用</p><p>inter-urban migration 城市间人口迁移</p><p>interviewing 访问</p><p>intervisibility 互见度</p><p>intra-urban interaction 市内相互作用</p><p>intra-urban migration 市内人口迁移</p><p>intra-urban mobility 市内流动</p><p>intra-urban transport 市内运输</p><p>intrazonal soil 隐域土</p><p>invasion 〔植物〕侵入</p><p>inversion layer 逆温层</p><p>investment 投资</p><p>ionisation 电离〔作用〕;离子化〔作用〕</p><p>iron and steel industry 钢铁业</p><p>irregular (uneven) slope 不均匀坡</p><p>irrigation 灌溉</p><p>irrigation canal 灌溉渠</p><p>island arc 岛弧</p><p>isobar 等压线</p><p>isobaric surface 等压面</p><p>isodapane 等总运费线</p><p>isohyet 等雨量线</p><p>isolated state 孤立国</p><p>isoline (isopleth) 等值线</p><p>isoline map 等值线地图</p><p>isopleth 等值线</p><p>isoseismal line 等震线</p><p>isostasy 地壳均衡</p><p>isostatic adjustment 〔地壳〕均衡调节</p><p>isotherm 等温线</p><p>isotim 等运费线</p><p>isthmus 地峡jet stream 射流;〔对流层顶〕急流</p><p>joint 节理</p><p>joule 焦耳</p><p>journey to school 上学旅程</p><p>journey to shop 购物旅程</p><p>journey to work 上班旅程</p><p>Jurassic period 侏罗纪</p><p>kame 冰砾阜</p><p>kame terrace 冰砾阶地</p><p>kaolin 高岭土</p><p>karez 坎儿井</p><p>karst region 岩溶地区;喀斯特地区</p><p>katabatic wind 下坡风</p><p>kettle (kettle hole) 锅穴</p><p>key 图例</p><p>kilojoule 千焦耳</p><p>kinetic energy 动能</p><p>knick point 裂点;节点</p><p>knoll 圆丘</p><p>knot (1)浬/小时;浬,(2)山结</p><p>Koppen's climate classification 柯本气候分类〔法〕</p><p>krasnozem 红壤</p><p>K-value K值</p><p>labour 劳力;劳动力;劳工</p><p>labour mobility 劳工流动[性]</p><p>labour resources 劳力资源</p><p>labour-intensive industry 劳工密集工业</p><p>labour-oriented industry 劳工导向工业</p><p>laccolith 岩株; 岩盖</p><p>lacustrine deposit 湖泊沉积</p><p>lacustrine plain 湖成平原</p><p>ladang 迁移农业 ; 移动性农业 ; 游耕 (东南亚)</p><p>lafe expectancy 预期寿命</p><p>lagoon (1)舄湖 , (2)气化塘</p><p>laissez-faire policy 自由放任政策</p><p>lake 湖泊</p><p>laminar flow 层流 ; 片流</p><p>land breze 陆风</p><p>land extensive industry 广占土地工业</p><p>land intensive industry 土地集约工业</p><p>land pollution 陆地污染 ; 土地污染</p><p>land reform 土地改革</p><p>land rent 地租</p><p>land subsidence 土地沉陷 ; 地陷 ; 地面沉降</p><p>land tenure 土地占有制</p><p>land use (utlization) 土地利用</p><p>land use adjustment 土地利用调整</p><p>land use classification 土地利用分类</p><p>land use intensity 土地利用密度</p><p>land use map 土地利用图</p><p>land use pattern 土地利用型式</p><p>land use survey 土地利用调查</p><p>land use type 土地利用类型</p><p>land use zone 土地用途区</p><p>land use zoning 土地用途分区制</p><p>land utilization (use) 土地利用</p><p>land value 地价</p><p>landfill 堆填区</p><p>landform 地貌 ; 地形</p><p>landlocked country 内地国家</p><p>landlordism 地主所有制</p><p>landmark 地界标志</p><p>landmass 陆块</p><p>land-ownership 土地拥有权</p><p>landscape 景观</p><p>landscape evaluation 景观评价</p><p>landslide (landslip) 山泥倾泻 ; 山崩</p><p>lapilli 火山砾</p><p>lapse rate [温度]递减率 ;[温度]直减率</p><p>large scale map 大比例[尺]地图</p><p>latent heat 潜热</p><p>lateral erosion 侧蚀 ; 旁蚀</p><p>lateral linkage (horizontal linkage) 水平式联系 ; 横向联系</p><p>lateral moraine 侧[冰]碛</p><p>laterite 砖红壤</p><p>laterization 砖红壤化[作用]</p><p>latitude 纬度</p><p>latitudinal extent 纬度相距 ; 纬线跨度</p><p>latosol 砖红壤性土</p><p>Laurasia 劳亚古陆</p><p>lava 熔岩</p><p>lava cone 熔岩锥</p><p>lava dome 熔岩穹</p><p>lava flow 熔岩流</p><p>lava pleateau 熔岩高原</p><p>layer colouring (tinting) 分层着色法</p><p>leaching 淋溶[作用] ; 淋滤[作用]</p><p>least cost 最低成本</p><p>least-cost location 最低成本区位</p><p>leeward slope 背风坡</p><p>legend 图例 ; 图式</p><p>leguminous crop 豆科作物</p><p>less developed country 欠发达国家</p><p>levee (natural dyke) 天然堤</p><p>levee failure 崩堤 ; 决堤</p><p>level of development 发展水平</p><p>level crossing 平交道</p><p>levelling (1)削平 ; 夷平[作用], (2)平整土地 , (3)水准测量</p><p>ley (1)临时性草地 , (2)轮作草地</p><p>ley crop 休闲期作物</p><p>ley farming 休闲期耕作</p><p>liana 藤本植物</p><p>lichen 地衣</p><p>life cycle 生命周期</p><p>life form 生活型</p><p>life table 生命表</p><p>light industry 轻工业</p><p>light intensity 光强度</p><p>light soil 轻质土</p><p>lightening 闪电</p><p>lignite 褐煤</p><p>limb of fold 褶曲翼</p><p>lime 石灰</p><p>lime accumulation 石灰累积[作用]</p><p>limestone 石灰岩</p><p>limiting factor 限制因素</p><p>limon 黄土(欧洲)</p><p>line (linear) scale 直线比例尺</p><p>line fising (lining) 绳钓法</p><p>line graph 线形图</p><p>line of weakness 弱线</p><p>line transect 横切线 ; 线状样条</p><p>linear (line) scale 直线比例尺</p><p>linear city 长形城市</p><p>linear settlement 带状聚落</p><p>lining (line fishing) 绳钓法</p><p>linkage 联系</p><p>lithosol 石质土</p><p>lithosphere 岩石圈</p><p>litter (1)枯枝落叶 ; 枯死地被物 , (2)垃圾</p><p>littoral zone 滨海带 ; 海岸带</p><p>livestock rearing 畜养[业] ; 饲养[业] ; 畜牧[业]</p><p>livestock waste collection 禽畜废物收集</p><p>load 搬运物 ; 负载物</p><p>loam 壤土</p><p>loamy sand 壤质沙土</p><p>local wind 地方性风 ; 本地风</p><p>locality 地点</p><p>location 区位</p><p>locational analysis 区位分析</p><p>locational factor 区位因素</p><p>locational pattern 区位型式</p><p>locational quotient 区位商数</p><p>locational rent 区位租</p><p>locational requirment 区位需求</p><p>locational triangle 区位三角形</p><p>lock 船闸 ; 水闸</p><p>lode 矿脉</p><p>loess 黄土</p><p>log graph 对数图</p><p>logarithm 对数</p><p>logging 伐木</p><p>long (longitudinal)profile 纵剖面</p><p>long lining 延绳[钓]法</p><p>long term planning 长期规划</p><p>long wave 长波</p><p>long=range forecasting 长期预报</p><p>longitude 经度</p><p>longitudinal (concordant)coast 顺向海岸 ; 纵式淤岸</p><p>longitudinal (long) profile 纵剖面</p><p>longitudinal dune 纵向沙丘</p><p>longitudinal extent 经度相距 ; 经线跨度</p><p>longitudinal wave 纵波</p><p>longshore drift 沿岸漂移</p><p>Lorenz curve 罗兰氏曲线</p><p>low class residential zone 低等阶层住宅区</p><p>low density development 低密度发展</p><p>low order function 低级功能</p><p>low order goods 低级商品</p><p>low pressure area 低压区</p><p>low pressure system 低压系统</p><p>low technology 低科技</p><p>low tide 低潮</p><p>lower class limit 组下限</p><p>lower course 下游</p><p>lower-income group 较低收入组别</p><p>lowland 低地</p><p>low-order manufacturing 初级工业</p><p>low-rise development 低建发展</p><p>low-water mark 低潮线 ; 低水位线</p><p>lumbering 伐木[业]macronutrient 主要营养素</p><p>magma 岩浆</p><p>magnetic declination (variation) 磁偏角</p><p>magnetic north 磁北</p><p>magnetic variation (declination) 磁偏角</p><p>magnitude 强度</p><p>main stream 干流</p><p>mallee scrub 桉树灌丛(澳洲)</p><p>malnutrition 营养不良</p><p>Malthusian theory 马尔萨斯〔人口〕理论</p><p>mangrove 红树林</p><p>man-land ratio 人地比率</p><p>man-land relationship 人地关系</p><p>man-made earthquake 人为地震</p><p>manpower resources 人力资源</p><p>mantle (1)地幔;(2)风化覆盖层</p><p>mantle plume 地幔热柱</p><p>manufactured goods 制成品</p><p>manufacturing industry 制造业</p><p>manure 粪肥</p><p>map enlargement 地图放大〔法〕</p><p>map extract 地图摘录</p><p>map interpretation 地图阐释;地图判读</p><p>map projection 地图投影</p><p>map reading 地图阅读</p><p>map reduction 地图缩小〔法〕</p><p>map symbol 地图符号</p><p>mapping 地图编绘;绘图</p><p>marble 大理岩;大理石</p><p>marginal cost 边际成本</p><p>marginal land 边际用地;边际地</p><p>marine (martime) climate 海洋〔性〕气候</p><p>marine organism 海洋生物</p><p>maritime (marine) climate 海洋〔性〕气候</p><p>maritime air mass 海洋气团</p><p>market area 市场区</p><p>market gardening (truck farming) 园艺农业;蔬菜耕种</p><p>market threshold 市场限值</p><p>market town 墟镇</p><p>marketing principle 市场原则</p><p>market-oriented industry 市场导向工业</p><p>marsh 沼泽;湿地</p><p>mass movement (mass wastage, mass wasting) 块体移动;块体运动;物质坡移</p><p>mass production 大量生产;大规模生产</p><p>mass transit 集体运输</p><p>mass wasting (mass movement, mass wastage) 块体运动;块体移动;物质坡移</p><p>material index 原料指数</p><p>matrix 〔矩〕阵</p><p>mature soil 成年土</p><p>maximum temperature 最高温度</p><p>maximum thermometer 最高温度计</p><p>meadow soil 草甸土</p><p>mean 平均值</p><p>mean annual temperature 年平均温度</p><p>mean daily temperature 日平均温度</p><p>mean deviation 平均差;平均偏差</p><p>mean sea level 平均海平面</p><p>meander 曲流;河曲</p><p>measurement 量度</p><p>mechanical (physical) weathering 机械性风化;物理性风化</p><p>mechanically formed sedimentary rock 机械作用形成的沉积岩</p><p>mechanization 机械化</p><p>medial moraine 中〔冰〕碛</p><p>median 中位数</p><p>Mediterranean agriculture 地中海式农业</p><p>Mediterranean climate 地中海〔式〕气候</p><p>megahertz 兆赫(频率单位,千周/秋)</p><p>megalopolis 大城市群区;巨大城市带;巨大都会带</p><p>megathermal climate 高温气候</p><p>melting pot 各种族融化地(美)</p><p>meltwater 融水</p><p>mental map 意象图</p><p>mercury barometer 水银气压计</p><p>meridian 子午线;经线</p><p>merino sheep 麦兰奴种绵羊</p><p>mesa 方山;平顶山</p><p>mesophyte 中生植物</p><p>mesothermal climate 中温气候</p><p>Mesozoic era 中生代</p><p>metabolism 代谢作用</p><p>metamorphic rock 变质岩</p><p>metamorphism 变质作用</p><p>meteorology 气象学</p><p>methane 甲烷;沼气</p><p>metropolis 都会</p><p>metropolitan area 都会区</p><p>metropolitan primacy 大都会首市现象</p><p>mica 云母</p><p>microclimate 微气候;小气候</p><p>microclimatic survey 微气候测量;小气候测量</p><p>micron 微米</p><p>micronutrient 微量营养素</p><p>micro-organism 微生物</p><p>microrelief 微地形</p><p>microthermal climate 低温气候</p><p>mid-Atlantic ridge 大西洋中脊</p><p>middle course 中流</p><p>middle-class residential zone 游中等阶层住宅区</p><p>middle-income group 中等收入组别</p><p>mid-latitude desert 中纬度荒漠;中纬度沙漠</p><p>mid-latitude zone 中纬度地带</p><p>midnight-sun 夜半太阳</p><p>mid-oceanic ridge 大洋中脊</p><p>mid-year population 年中人口</p><p>migration 迁移</p><p>migratory dune 流动沙丘</p><p>milestone 里程碑</p><p>Milky Way 银河</p><p>millet (1)小米,(2)狗尾草属植物</p><p>millibar 亳巴</p><p>million city 百万人口城市</p><p>Minamate disease 水鈱病(日);甲基汞中毒</p><p>mineral 矿物</p><p>mineral resources 矿物资源</p><p>mineral soil 矿物质土壤</p><p>mineralization 矿化作用</p><p>minimum temperature 最低温度</p><p>minimum thermometer 最低温度计</p><p>mining 采矿</p><p>minority group 少数群</p><p>minority race 少数民族</p><p>Miocene epoch 中新世</p><p>miracle rice 奇迹米</p><p>misfit stream 不〔相〕称河;缩量河</p><p>mist 薄雾</p><p>mistral 密史脱拉风(地中海北岸)</p><p>mixed farming 混合农业</p><p>mixed land use 混合土地利用</p><p>mobile belt 活动带</p><p>mobility 流动性</p><p>modal class 众数组</p><p>mode 众数</p><p>mode of transport 运输方式</p><p>model (1)模式,(2)模型</p><p>moderately populated 中量人口密度</p><p>Mohorovicic Discontinuity (Moho) 莫霍〔洛维奇〕不连续面;莫霍〔洛维奇〕界面</p><p>moisture 水分;湿气;水汽</p><p>molasse (1)磨砾石,(2)稠糖浆</p><p>mollisol 软土</p><p>molten rock 熔岩</p><p>monadnock 残丘</p><p>monitoring 监测;监察</p><p>monoculture 单一作物种</p><p>monopoly 独占;垄断;专卖</p><p>monsoon 季〔候〕风</p><p>monsoon climate 季风气候</p><p>monsoon forest 季风林</p><p>montane (mountain) forest 高山树林</p><p>mor 粗腐殖质;酸性有机质</p><p>moraine 冰碛</p><p>moraine-dammed lake 冰碛堰塞湖</p><p>more developed country 较发达国家</p><p>mortality rate 死亡率</p><p>moss 藓</p><p>motor-car industry 汽车制造业</p><p>mottled zone 斑纹带</p><p>mountain 高山</p><p>mountain (montane) forest 高山树林</p><p>mountain arc 山弧</p><p>mountain barrier 高山屏障</p><p>mountain breeze (wind) 山风</p><p>mountain building 造山运动</p><p>mountain climate 高山气候</p><p>mountain range 山脉</p><p>mountain root 山根</p><p>mountain wind (breeze) 山风</p><p>mud-flat 泥滩</p><p>mudflow 泥流</p><p>mudstone 泥岩</p><p>mulch 覆盖物</p><p>mull 细腐殖质</p><p>multi-function city 多功能城市</p><p>multinational enterprise 跨国企业</p><p>multiple cropping 复种;多造耕作</p><p>multiple nuclei model 多核心模式</p><p>multiplier effect 乘数效应</p><p>multi-purpose scheme 多目标计划;多用途计划</p><p>multi-purpose trip 多目标旅程</p><p>multi-storey building 多层建筑物</p><p>municipality 〔直辖〕市</p><p>mushroom rock (gour, pedestal rock) 菌状石;风蚀柱</p><p>nappe 逆掩褶曲;推覆体</p><p>national primacy 国家性首市现象</p><p>nationality 国籍</p><p>natural arch 天然拱</p><p>natural disaster 自然灾害</p><p>natural dyke (levee) 天然堤</p><p>natural ecosystem 自然生态系统</p><p>natural environment 自然环境</p><p>natural harbour 天然港</p><p>natural hazard 自然灾害</p><p>natural increase 自然增长</p><p>natural landscape 自然景观</p><p>natural resources 自然资源</p><p>natural selection 自然选择</p><p>natural system 自然系统</p><p>natural vegetation 自然植被</p><p>nature conservation 自然保护</p><p>nature reserve 自然保护区</p><p>nature trail 自然教育径</p><p>nearest neighbour analysis 最近邻分析</p><p>negative correlation 负相关</p><p>negative feedback 负反馈</p><p>negative population growth 负人口增长</p><p>negative relationship 负关系;负相关</p><p>negative skewness 负偏态</p><p>neighbourhood shopping centre 邻近购物中心</p><p>neo-natal mortality rate 新生婴儿死亡率</p><p>nesting 镶嵌</p><p>net migration 净移民〔量〕</p><p>net primary production 净第一级生产量;净初级生产量</p><p>net solar radiation 净太阳辐射</p><p>net terrestrial radiation 净地面辐射</p><p>network 网;网络</p><p>neve (firn) 粒雪;永久积雪;永久冰雪</p><p>new town 新市镇</p><p>niche (1)雪,(2)小生境</p><p>nimbostratus 雨层云</p><p>nimbus 雨云</p><p>nitric acid 硝酸</p><p>nitrification 硝化作用</p><p>nitrogen cycle 氮循环</p><p>nitrogen fixation 固氮作用</p><p>nitrogen-fixing bacteria 硝化细菌</p><p>nocturnal cooling 夜间冷却</p><p>nodal city 中心市</p><p>nodal region 核心区</p><p>node 集点</p><p>nodule 球;结核</p><p>noise barriers 隔音板</p><p>noise pollution 噪音污染</p><p>nomadic herding 游牧业</p><p>nominal scale 名目分类</p><p>non-basic sector 非基础部门</p><p>non-biodegradable 不能生物降解</p><p>non-renewable resources 非再生资源</p><p>norm 规范;标准;常模</p><p>normal curve 正态〔分布〕曲线;常态〔分布〕曲线</p><p>normal distribution 正态分布;常态分布</p><p>normal fault 正断层</p><p>normal lapse rate 正常〔温度〕递减率;正常〔温度〕真减率</p><p>North Pole 北极</p><p>northeast trades 东北信风</p><p>northern hemisphere 北半球</p><p>northing 北行线</p><p>notch 〔海蚀〕地</p><p>nourishment 营养物</p><p>nuclear energy 核能</p><p>nuclear family 核心家庭</p><p>nuclear fission 核分裂;核裂变</p><p>nuclear fusion 核聚变</p><p>nuclear pollution 核〔能〕污染</p><p>nuclear power 核动力</p><p>nuclear power plant 核电厂</p><p>nuclear reactor 核反应堆</p><p>nucleated pattern 核心型式</p><p>nucleated settlement 核心聚落</p><p>nucleation 聚集</p><p>null hypothesis 虚假设</p><p>nullah 渠</p><p>number line 数线</p><p>nutrient 养分</p><p>nutrient cycling 养分循环</p><p>nutrient enrichment 养分富集oasis 绿洲;沃洲</p><p>oasis farming 绿洲农业;沃洲农业</p><p>oblique aerial photograph 倾斜航空照片;倾斜空中照片</p><p>obsequent stream 逆向河</p><p>occluded front 锢囚锋</p><p>occlusion 锢囚〔作用〕</p><p>occupational structure 职业结构</p><p>ocean 海洋</p><p>ocean basin 海洋盆地</p><p>ocean current 洋流</p><p>ocean trench 海沟</p><p>oceanic (marine) climate 海洋〔性〕气候</p><p>oceanic circulation 海洋环流</p><p>oceanic crust 大洋地壳</p><p>oceanic plate 海洋板块</p><p>offensive trade 厌恶性行业</p><p>offshore bar 滨外沙洲</p><p>offshore fishing 深海捕鱼;远洋捕鱼作业</p><p>offshore wind 离岸风</p><p>oil derrick 油井架;钻井高塔</p><p>oil refinery 炼油厂</p><p>oil rig 钻油平台</p><p>oil spill 〔海上〕漏油</p><p>oil trap 油圈闭;油捕〔区〕</p><p>oilfield 油田</p><p>oil-shale 油页岩</p><p>old fold mountain 古褶曲山脉;古褶皱山脉</p><p>Oligocene epoch 渐新世</p><p>omnivore 杂食动物</p><p>onshore wind 向岸风</p><p>open space 空旷地;游息用地</p><p>open system 开放系统</p><p>opencast mining 露天开采法</p><p>opportunity cost 机会成</p><p>optimal choice 本最佳选择</p><p>optimal location 最优区位</p><p>optimiser 争取最适宜情况者</p><p>optimum condition 最适宜情况;最佳条件</p><p>optimum population 适度人口</p><p>orbit 轨道</p><p>order (1)序;次序,(2)阶;级</p><p>ordinal scale 等级分类</p><p>Ordovician period 奥陶纪</p><p>ore 矿;矿石</p><p>organic matter 有机质</p><p>organic pollutant 有机污染物</p><p>organic soil 有机〔质〕土壤</p><p>organic weathering 有机性风化</p><p>organically formed sedimentart rock 生物作用形成的沉积岩</p><p>organism 生物体;有机体</p><p>orienteering 野外定向</p><p>orienteering compass 定向罗盘</p><p>orogenesis (orogeny) 造山作用</p><p>orogeny (orogenesis) 造山作用</p><p>orographic (relief) rain 地形雨</p><p>orographic uplift 地形抬升</p><p>outback 内陆(澳洲)</p><p>outcrop 〔岩石〕露头</p><p>outlying business district 外围商业发展区</p><p>out-migration 向外迁移</p><p>output (1)产出;(2)产量</p><p>outwash deposit 冰水沉积物</p><p>outwash plain 冰水沉积平原</p><p>overburden 覆盖层</p><p>overcast 天阴</p><p>overcrowding 过度拥挤</p><p>over-cultivation 过度耕作</p><p>overfold 倒转褶曲</p><p>overgrazing 过度放牧</p><p>overhanging cliff 悬岩;陡壁</p><p>overhead sun 当头日</p><p>overland folw 表面径流</p><p>overpopulation 人口过多;人口过剩</p><p>overthrust fault 逆掩断层</p><p>overthrust fold 逆掩褶曲</p><p>over-urbanization 过度城市化</p><p>oxbow lake (cut-off lake) 牛轭湖</p><p>oxidation 氧化作用</p><p>oxisol 氧化土</p><p>oxygen cycle 氧循环</p><p>ozone 臭氧</p><p>ozone layer 臭氧层</p><p>paddock 围扬</p><p>paddy (padi) 水稻</p><p>paddy field 水稻田</p><p>pade (paddy) 水稻</p><p>padi soil 水稻土</p><p>Palaeocene epoch 古新世</p><p>palaeomagnetism 古地磁</p><p>Palaeozoic era 古生</p><p>pampas 代中纬度草原(南美)</p><p>Pangaea 泛古陆;联合古陆</p><p>panoramic sketch 全景描绘</p><p>parallax 视差</p><p>paralled drainage 平行水系</p><p>parallel retreat 平行后退</p><p>parameter 参数;母数</p><p>parasite 寄生物</p><p>parasitic cone 寄生火山锥</p><p>parent material 母质</p><p>parent rock 母岩</p><p>part per million (ppm) 百万分比</p><p>particulate 微料</p><p>particulate matter 微料物质</p><p>pass 峡道</p><p>passive recreation 被动性康乐</p><p>pastoral farming 畜牧业</p><p>pastoralist 牧民</p><p>pasture 牧草</p><p>patterned ground 多边形土</p><p>peak 山顶;山峰</p><p>peak discharge 洪峰流量</p><p>peak hour 繁忙时间</p><p>peak land value 高峰地价</p><p>peasant economy 农民经济</p><p>peat 泥炭</p><p>peat-bog 泥炭沼泽</p><p>pebble 卵石</p><p>pedalfer 铁铝土;淋余土</p><p>pedestal rock (gour, mushroom rock) 菌状石;风蚀柱</p><p>pediment 山麓平原;麓原</p><p>pediplain 山麓侵蚀面平原</p><p>pedocal 钙层土</p><p>pedogenesis 成土作用</p><p>peneplain 准平原</p><p>peninsula 半岛</p><p>per capita income 个人收入</p><p>perceived environment 感观环境</p><p>percentage 百分法;百分率</p><p>percentage distribution 百分率分布</p><p>percentile 百分位数</p><p>perception 感观</p><p>perched water table 滞水面;栖留潜水面</p><p>percolation 渗透〔作用〕;渗滤〔作用〕</p><p>percussive piling noise 撞击式打桩噪音</p><p>perennial crop 多年生作物</p><p>perennial flow (permanent flow) 常年流量;常年径流</p><p>perennial irrigation 常年灌溉</p><p>perennial river 常流河;常年河</p><p>periglacial 冰缘</p><p>periodicity 周期性</p><p>peripheral area 外围地方</p><p>peripheral settlement 外围聚落</p><p>perishability 易腐性</p><p>perishable crop 易腐作物</p><p>permafrost 永久冻土</p><p>permanent flow (perennial flow) 常年流量;常年径流</p><p>permanent snowline 永久雪线</p><p>permeability 渗透性;渗透率</p><p>permeable rock 透水岩;渗水岩</p><p>Permian period 二迭纪</p><p>pervious rock 透水岩</p><p>pest 害虫</p><p>pesticide 杀虫剂</p><p>petrochemical industry 石油化工业</p><p>pH paper pH纸</p><p>pH test pH测试</p><p>pH value pH值;酸碱度;氢离子值</p><p>phenocryst 斑晶</p><p>photo interpretation 照片阐释</p><p>photochemical oxidant 光化学氧化剂</p><p>photochemical smog 光化烟雾</p><p>photoperiod 光照〔周〕期</p><p>photosynthesis 光合作用</p><p>photosynthetic efficiency 光合〔作用〕效率</p><p>phreatophyte 潜水湿生植物</p><p>physical (mechanical) weathering 物理性风化;机械性风化</p><p>physical feature 自然特征</p><p>physiographic factor 地文因素;自然地理因素</p><p>physiological drought 生理干旱</p><p>phytoplankton 浮游植物</p><p>pictogram 象形图</p><p>pie graph (divided circle) 圆瓣图</p><p>piedmont 山麓</p><p>pig iron 生铁</p><p>pingo 冰核丘;冰胀丘</p><p>Pinus massoniana 马尾松;山松</p><p>pioneer community 先锋群落</p><p>pioneer plant 先锋植物</p><p>pioneer stage 先锋阶段</p><p>pipeline transport 管道运轮</p><p>pisiculture 养鱼业;鱼类养殖</p><p>placer deposit 砂积矿床</p><p>plagioclimax 偏途演替顶极〔群落〕</p><p>plain 平原</p><p>plan 平面图</p><p>planation 均夷作用</p><p>planet 行星</p><p>planetary wind system 行星风系</p><p>plankton 浮游生物</p><p>planned settlement 有斗划聚落</p><p>plant association 植物群丛</p><p>plant community 植物群落</p><p>plant formation 植物群系</p><p>plant succession 植物演替</p><p>plantation 企业性大农场,大农场,种植围</p><p>plastics industry 塑料工业</p><p>plate 板块</p><p>plate boundary 板块边缘</p><p>plate tectonics 板块构造;板块构造学;皮块构造理论</p><p>plateau 高度</p><p>platy 片状</p><p>playa 干盐湖;湖积原;干荒盆地(美)</p><p>Pleistocene epoch 更新世</p><p>Pliocene epoch 上新世</p><p>plucking 拔蚀(作用)</p><p>plum rains 梅雨</p><p>plunge pool 跌水潭</p><p>plutonic rock 深成岩</p><p>pluvial (1)洪水,(2)多雨期</p><p>pneumatophore 出水通气根</p><p>podzol 灰壤</p><p>podzolization (podsolization) 灰〔壤〕化〔作用〕</p><p>poerennial (1)多年生植物,(2)多年生</p><p>polar air mass 极地气团</p><p>polar climate 极地气候</p><p>polar easterlies 极地东风〔带〕</p><p>polar front 极锋</p><p>polar high 极地高压</p><p>polarization process 极化过程</p><p>polder 圩田(荷兰)</p><p>pollen grain 花粉粒</p><p>pollutant 污染物;污染体</p><p>pollution 污染</p><p>pollution dome 污染丘</p><p>pollution plume 污染股流</p><p>pollution soruce 污染源</p><p>polycentric 多中心</p><p>polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) 多氯联苯</p><p>polygon 多边形</p><p>pool 潭;水池;池塘</p><p>pophulaion density gradient 人口密度梯度</p><p>population (1)人口,(2)种群,(3)总群</p><p>population agglomeration 人口集聚</p><p>population assimilation 人口同化</p><p>population boom 人口激增</p><p>population composition 人口构成;人口组成;人口组合</p><p>population concentration 人口集中</p><p>population control 人口控制</p><p>population data 人口资料;人口数据</p><p>population density (1)人口密度,(2)种群密度</p><p>population dispersion 人口分散</p><p>population distribution 人口分布</p><p>population explosion 人口爆炸</p><p>population growth 人口增长</p><p>population migration 人口迁移</p><p>population movement 人口流动;人口移动</p><p>population overspill 人口外溢</p><p>population policy 人口政策</p><p>population pressure 人口压力</p><p>population projection 人口预测;人口推计</p><p>population pyramid 人口金字塔</p><p>population size 人口总数;人口规模</p><p>population structure 人口结构</p><p>pore space 孔隙</p><p>porosity 孔隙度</p><p>porous 多孔</p><p>porous rock 多孔岩</p><p>porphyritic texture 斑状结构</p><p>porphyry 斑岩</p><p>port of call 停靠港</p><p>positive check 积极限制</p><p>positive correlation 正相关</p><p>positive feedback 正反馈</p><p>positive relationship 正关系;正相关</p><p>positive skewness 正偏态</p><p>potential energy 势能;位能</p><p>potential evapotranspiration 可能蒸散〔量〕</p><p>pot-hole 壶穴</p><p>poverty cycle 贫穷循环</p><p>power 动力</p><p>power plant 发电厂</p><p>power resources 动力资源</p><p>power station 发电站</p><p>power-oriented industry 动力导向工业</p><p>prairie 中纬度草原;温带草原(北美)</p><p>Pre-Cambrian period 前寒武纪</p><p>precipitation 降水</p><p>precipitation effectiveness (P-E) index 降水有效指数</p><p>precipitator 沉淀器</p><p>precision engineering 精密工程</p><p>predator 捕食者</p><p>pressure (1)压力,(2)气压</p><p>pressure gradient 气压梯度</p><p>pressure gradient force 气压梯度力</p><p>pressure system 气压系统</p><p>prestige value 声望价值</p><p>prevailing wind 盛行风</p><p>preventive check 预防性抑制</p><p>preventive measure 预防措施</p><p>prey 猎物;被捕食者</p><p>price elasticity 物价弹性</p><p>price stability 物价稳定度</p><p>primacy 首要性</p><p>primary activity 第一级活动</p><p>primary consumer 初级消费者</p><p>primary energy 一次能源</p><p>primary industry 第一产业;初级产业</p><p>primary producer 初级生产者</p><p>primary production 第一级生产;初级生产</p><p>primary succession 原生演替</p><p>primary treatment 初级处理</p><p>primary wave 初波</p><p>primate city 首市;首畏城市</p><p>Prime (Greenwich) meridian 本初子午线</p><p>primitive farming 原始耕种</p><p>primogeniture 长子继承权</p><p>prismatic compass 棱镜罗盘</p><p>prismatic soil structure 棱柱状土壤结构</p><p>private housing 私人兴建之房屋</p><p>private sector 私营部门</p><p>probability 概率;或然率</p><p>process 作用;过程</p><p>processing industry 加工业</p><p>production brigade 生产大队</p><p>production responsibility system 生产责任制</p><p>production team 生产队</p><p>productivity 生产力</p><p>profile 剖面;切面</p><p>profile of equilibrium 均衡剖面</p><p>profit maximization 利润极大利化;利润最大化</p><p>promontory 岬〔角〕</p><p>proportional circle 比例圆</p><p>protectionism 保护主义</p><p>proved reserve 探明储量</p><p>pseudo-urbanization 伪城市化</p><p>psychrometer 干湿计</p><p>public housing 公共房屋</p><p>public nuisance 公害</p><p>public open space 公众游息用地</p><p>public sector 公营部门</p><p>public transport 公共交通</p><p>public utility 公共事业</p><p>pull factor 拉因素</p><p>pumice 浮岩;浮石</p><p>pure raw materials 纯原料</p><p>purification 提纯;净化</p><p>purse seining 围网法</p><p>push factor 推因素</p><p>push-pull factor 推拉因素</p><p>pylon 塔架</p><p>pyramidal peak (horn) 角峰</p><p>pyroclastic rock 火山碎屑岩</p><p>qanat (karez) 灌溉暗渠</p><p>quadrant 象限</p><p>quadrat 样方</p><p>qualitative analysis 定性分析</p><p>quality standard 质量水准</p><p>quantification 数量化</p><p>quantitative analysis 定量分析</p><p>quarry 石矿场</p><p>quartile 四分位数</p><p>quartz 石英</p><p>quartzite 石英岩</p><p>quasi-equilibrium 准平衡</p><p>quaternary industry 第四产业</p><p>Quaternary period 第四纪</p><p>questionnaire 问卷</p><p>quota 限额;配额</p><p>quota sampling 定额抽样</p>
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