2021-2022学年人教版生物八年级专项训练之自然界中的微生物（3）真菌
※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>有关真菌的说法中,正确的是( )<br>A.真菌是多细胞的真核生物<br>B.蘑菇中有大量菌丝<br>C.真菌是靠分裂进行繁殖的<br>D.真菌能自己制造有机物<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2021/0a36289fdc534ea1a61de40c258c89e8/76900E09FAB5EBA344B8EA84E844FF07.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2021/ab4270393a8e4434a409d0d3252021c0/87AEEE0CF954955BE4D0097AD2F11639.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>如图是青霉的形态结构简图,下列相关叙述正确的是( )<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/6/22/89045015C039B327735BBC3D84DDC675.png"><br>A.青霉属于细菌 B.青霉素是青霉的代谢产物<br>C.青霉营寄生生活 D.青霉细胞内有叶绿体<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2021/54fa211306a6443585b7b35756dfac13/76900E09FAB5EBA344B8EA84E844FF07.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2021/2d18be57034244aea8f820a9f7e5e9cc/A0B3D4F30D87F990C628C8E04A789ED3.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>酵母菌在自然界中分布广泛,用途多种多样。下列结构中,酵母菌不具有的是( )<br>A.液泡 B.叶绿体 C.细胞核 D.细胞壁<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2021/aead9351c2b84007baaa6c91956629a3/76900E09FAB5EBA344B8EA84E844FF07.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2021/30e8b916b9eb43b0be4aee2ccd0d2035/C127421BE77C222634D9A7F9D9E3CC60.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>云南盛产野生菌,远近闻名,受到了很多美食家的青睐。如图是一种能食用的野生菌,吃野生菌时我们主要食用的是它的子实体,则我们主要食用的结构是( )<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/7/30/D74F3F1EEC42C933C1C58DA5D9EB8D41.png"><br>A.①② B.②③ C.①②③④ D.①②③<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2021/ba7376c4c0ec46fa9e30da5006c7c414/01A39E48B8A67989A23F6887F26FCC64.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2021/728a90cc4bc44203bb0c659f38100ec1/1DBDA847A9CEE53D906AD3D6A0639C00.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>关于“观察酵母菌和霉菌”实验的叙述,错误的是( )<br>A.放大镜下可以看到酵母菌的液泡<br>B.放大镜下可以看到青霉白色绒毛状的菌丝<br>C.显微镜下可以看到青霉成串的孢子<br>D.显微镜下可以看到酵母菌染上颜色的细胞核和淀粉粒<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/2d848933d81d4711869ae21a4774f5b9/E7F0EDF83F40244C8F0C84B97471AED6.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/3004c294153b4787abd838348a5d54ad/857C74A1E57666D0EA25696875F1D0DA.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>真菌分布范围非常广泛,下列有关真菌描述正确的是( )<br>A.蘑菇能进行光合作用<br>B.某些真菌可以与藻类共生<br>C.制作酸奶与酵母菌有关<br>D.青霉产生的青霉素能杀死真菌<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/14a1b34f4d014c0fb322977ad4fc2f91/76900E09FAB5EBA344B8EA84E844FF07.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/43e37540cf2140168cbd7a4d21be6416/B3EDC686A0B599C56E5EB2B4DB95A32D.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>蘑菇营养价值高、味道鲜美,被世界卫生组织认定为“五大营养品”之一。下列有关蘑菇的说法正确的是( )<br>A.蘑菇是单细胞真菌,分裂生殖后代<br>B.磨菇的细胞内没有成形的细胞核<br>C.蘑菇的细胞内有成形的细胞核<br>D.蘑菇能进行光合作用,制造有机物<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/b06c0c17a16e410a87725338de254b61/06CA09E70C17EF8BA2D3B8C70D693953.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/ce10de6ee6d94d59b3832b8f4a4464bc/972F12BA3810D1D33007C8F33CA3F560.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>下列生物全部属于真菌的一项是( )<br>A.酵母菌、结核杆菌、乳酸菌、牛肝菌<br>B.青霉、曲霉、灵芝、酵母菌<br>C.青霉、曲霉、痢疾杆菌、木耳<br>D.青霉、酵母菌、大肠杆菌、金针菇<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2021/7759f932c0b340f2b6e27fba1f6a98be/76900E09FAB5EBA344B8EA84E844FF07.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2021/b6438cd4c68a41d88562304112557ce6/5D1EDC091ECFE64A611BA2E1C01D5134.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>当我们打开鞋盒,可能会看到一双长毛的鞋子,如图所示,下列有关叙述错误的是( )<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/12/8/5858A90DAA1A27D05AFE715BDDD42188.png"><br>A.霉菌能进行出芽生殖 B.引起鞋子长毛的是霉菌<br>C.图中①可以称为菌落 D.霉菌的菌体由菌丝构成<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/5fe9423d1d0845328fb5ea54f9d22063/E7F0EDF83F40244C8F0C84B97471AED6.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/bb286992f92f4c86a489bd36cbb42e86/6C1061688EFB29BAEE745CC4CB5F20FE.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>下列有关真菌特征的叙述,不正确的是( )<br>A.不含叶绿素,只能进行寄生或腐生的生活<br>B.都只能通过孢子繁殖后代<br>C.个体有单细胞的,也有多细胞的<br>D.常见的真菌有酵母菌、霉菌和蘑菇<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/4d9b55d3deee45c0b19290d3c18aca0e/CFD11B39D2C70E3BAFF53A76B86BA12A.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/2ac1ffbc1d60495684d4dbb1146c9581/E76B6313B0A83699CB995ACC2F8FD042.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>吹打发霉物体时,常有粉尘飞扬,这粉尘的主要成分是( )<br>A.物体上的灰尘 B.霉菌的孢子<br>C.霉菌的种子 D.细菌的孢子<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/d7cebc0db1fb4293a02ee6f040bb39c6/76900E09FAB5EBA344B8EA84E844FF07.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/e0ac47c1c0b44011a1b266b84528db8f/09046A030478F6395B39D1377F0D953D.png"><br><br>
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