长春市第二十中学2019-2020学年七年级下学期期末考试生物试卷
※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>俗话说“食不言,寝不语”,吃饭时不能大声谈笑是有科学道理的,其主要原因是( )<br>A.流经消化器官的血量减少<br>B.食物容易由咽误入气管<br>C.唾液腺分泌唾液的量减少<br>D.有利于保护声带<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/7b5144a3c2c743718ede7e3ae795e34e/76900E09FAB5EBA344B8EA84E844FF07.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/aaa9d1d37c134cef85748edaed7b045b/C527EF3EBBB2DEC61561D083448F77D7.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>淀粉在消化管内被消化的起始部位是( )<br>A.口腔 B.咽 C.食管 D.胃<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2021/acf3b2690eb04183ba289bf459f2e2ad/E7F0EDF83F40244C8F0C84B97471AED6.png"><br>解析<br>略<br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>人体神经调节的基本方式是( )<br>A.应激性 B.反射 C.反射弧 D.条件反射<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/4825cdf1bc8d4f2cbdb3c0f0caf586ab/76900E09FAB5EBA344B8EA84E844FF07.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/3a055ea2a0d341439ae76b1238618788/8036AE1FD67818A248D4604E0C9F7A78.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：容易<br>人体分泌雌性激素的器官是( )<br>A.输卵管 B.子宫 C.卵巢 D.胎盘<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2014/01b15db9239f46a09f98a65ce8349508/06CA09E70C17EF8BA2D3B8C70D693953.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2014/15e9c6ef12024078aca9bc982fb9aa09/E79212809DFF7A6B052CD61C07576EC1.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>人在幼年时期生长激素分泌过多,可能导致( )<br>A.巨人症 B.大脖子病 C.糖尿病 D.侏儒症<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/3b87c9b6f48e47fa88134448382bac2f/E7F0EDF83F40244C8F0C84B97471AED6.png"><br>解析<br>略<br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>长期缺乏维生素C的人易患( )<br>A.夜盲症 B.脚气病 C.坏血病 D.佝偻病<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2021/f1cb1e6d3f054cadb1b02ffc8f9e63cf/06CA09E70C17EF8BA2D3B8C70D693953.png"><br>解析<br>略<br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：较易<br>通常,糖尿病患者体内分泌不足的激素是( )<br>A.性激素 B.胰岛素 C.生长激素 D.甲状腺激素<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2013/eba3918c6f0644b697e43b0aea3d0f60/76900E09FAB5EBA344B8EA84E844FF07.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2013/4289c7c1a6ae4041857039fe490522a2/94343201B6F0A0F297FDA4EE8D7DAD18.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：较易<br>下列关于在人体心脏中血液流动方向及其类型的叙述,正确的是( )<br>A.右心室→右心房→下腔静脉→动脉血<br>B.左心室→左心房→肺静脉→动脉血<br>C.右心房→右心室→肺动脉→静脉血<br>D.左心房→左心室→主动脉→静脉血<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2013/7a22e0f4fa80425eb86702a22493d908/06CA09E70C17EF8BA2D3B8C70D693953.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2013/ae13bb316d2d417abc0c08e8d0a1d615/6496EE3DD05020EA4E9DAD845E4EA2DC.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>现代遗传学研究认为,与人类亲缘关系最近的哺乳动物可能是( )<br>A.大猩猩 B.长臂猿 C.黑猩猩 D.猕猴<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/95cd8488207042a2b56cc2be2c70fd96/06CA09E70C17EF8BA2D3B8C70D693953.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/1ff6bc8205a94fbcbd83331c2d20f0ff/F20EA7F67987A421E0B13A8678576736.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>如图是反射弧示意图,完成反射活动的正确途径是( )<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/10/16/29548CE66011E885EE82704B83787589.png"><br>A.感受器→传入神经→神经中枢→传出神经→效应器<br>B.感受器→传出神经→神经中枢→传入神经→效应器<br>C.效应器→传入神经→神经中枢→传出神经→感受器<br>D.效应器→传出神经→神经中枢→传入神经→感受器<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/c7f1cad353ac4ad1aac490031100334a/E7F0EDF83F40244C8F0C84B97471AED6.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/c9db01895abe4e45ab869dcb508d4962/4154FE6ECFFD7DDA7233E0708E3E07CF.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>在呼吸的过程中,气体交换主要发生在( )<br>A.咽 B.气管 C.肺 D.喉<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/a4858a163e1046568148f64af595d15a/06CA09E70C17EF8BA2D3B8C70D693953.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/9dc6d852ef524344b7d8922e2282f456/7F5DFB2A97F40A2291E4850126099399.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>人体输送血液的“泵”是( )<br>A.心脏 B.动脉 C.静脉 D.毛细血管<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/9459ee23e7f141f9b8dc30822cda481b/E7F0EDF83F40244C8F0C84B97471AED6.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/02c56bc3482f4c4f828de35c03421b87/CB4A3DE79D82EF811D3F2BD7BD0B7882.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>人体最主要的排泄途径的完成是通过( )<br>A.泌尿系统 B.皮肤 C.呼吸系统 D.消化系统<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/163cb36110114a3cb1ceddb6a2c851d6/E7F0EDF83F40244C8F0C84B97471AED6.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/dac50ab48963449fba768e28d0dde215/6C3D41CD4D5E1BFE048B0A8F4B32E824.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>能够产生卵细胞,并分泌雌性激素的器官是( )<br>A.输卵管 B.卵巢 C.子宫 D.阴道<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/387513dd7c1d49dfb50182f031c674e7/76900E09FAB5EBA344B8EA84E844FF07.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/63a28cfbbcf04373bcf4a95f386906a4/A5167C231CCA81F407F5A586CC487982.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：容易<br>消化和吸收的主要场所是在( )<br>A.食道 B.小肠 C.大肠 D.口腔<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2014/846f59ac1431497b841b9b96d653ccb4/76900E09FAB5EBA344B8EA84E844FF07.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2014/223013e4cec84c62928552673f83fe5e/3B7135FA2B8873BA8CE747796890DFE9.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>下列物质与其缺乏症匹配的是( )<br>A.维生素C——坏血病 B.碘——贫血<br>C.钙——地方性甲状腺肿 D.维生素A——神经炎<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2021/ac8c2bf5e5b146b385c4d7f2c212b7fe/E7F0EDF83F40244C8F0C84B97471AED6.png"><br>解析<br>略<br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>食物有六大营养物质,不能为生命活动提供能量的是( )<br>①蛋白质②糖类③脂肪④维生素⑤水⑥无机盐A.④⑤⑥ B.②③⑤ C.①②③ D.①④⑥<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2019/f90cfaded9354b91a0097458f81cfdd8/E7F0EDF83F40244C8F0C84B97471AED6.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2019/3760479e60c94173aa3cc081c328080c/17936901FA29F894F5ED1AB51BD765E8.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>今年2月中旬,玉溪实施大面积“计划烧除”,即在人为控制下,用低强度地表火烧除林区可燃物,以预防林火,却导致昆明出现雾霾。雾霾颗粒物进入人体的正确途径是( )<br>A.外界→鼻→咽→喉→气管→支气管→肺<br>B.外界→咽→喉→食道→肺<br>C.外界→鼻→咽→喉→食道→气管→肺<br>D.外界→鼻→气管→肺<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2021/a796af33d5004d87bc8255ac7e2a0aad/E7F0EDF83F40244C8F0C84B97471AED6.png"><br>解析<br>略<br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>小陈突发疾病急需输血,其血型是O型,可接受的血型是( )<br>A.O型 B.O型、AB型<br>C.O型、A型、B型 D.O型、A型、B型、AB型<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2021/af64333cc0724f9f8526671760da58d5/E7F0EDF83F40244C8F0C84B97471AED6.png"><br>解析<br>略<br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>某人脑颅内长了肿瘤,造成失明。肿瘤压迫的部位可能是( )<br>A.大脑 B.小脑 C.脑干 D.脊髓<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2021/1d37800cc0a14e57962d7cc58e0563ac/E7F0EDF83F40244C8F0C84B97471AED6.png"><br>解析<br>略<br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>人体的需要量小,大多数是人体自身不能制造的,只能从食物中摄取的有机物是( )<br>A.糖类 B.脂肪 C.蛋白质 D.维生素<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2021/13352dd9ed0f40a7bdb3a7e79c92a29e/01A39E48B8A67989A23F6887F26FCC64.png"><br>解析<br>略<br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：较易<br>人体的能量主要用于维持体温、学习和活动,以及生长发育。人体需要的能量主要来源于( )<br>A.纤维素 B.脂肪 C.蛋白质 D.糖类<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2014/80b928b0b4b345a8834690545d92f986/01A39E48B8A67989A23F6887F26FCC64.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2014/056ac7be70fb4c33aa4894cd5a13d0b0/645ACD4B11E1BB08498C9FCCB6922803.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：较易<br>人体呼吸系统的主要器官是( )<br>A.呼吸道 B.气管 C.肺 D.鼻<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2017/d66d1824470941ae9d07e3f1471c251d/06CA09E70C17EF8BA2D3B8C70D693953.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2017/533aacaeba974c41992ab28f63ecead0/005779D6B03945BCC99486EB21CAD0AE.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>人体代谢需要排出废物,下列不属于排泄途径的是( )<br>A.排尿 B.排汗 C.呼气 D.排遗<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/7b881e26b5be42679d18e272bc73760d/01A39E48B8A67989A23F6887F26FCC64.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/731f18030120449f898ffcd45c16b500/3999A0AE258DCD9C2F539EB193A26152.png"><br><br>※题型：读图填空题※知识点：读图填空题※试题难度：中等<br>如图是人体心脏及所连血管的解剖图,<br>请据图<br>回答下列问题:<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/7/20/260107762BE30BC3CAEEEEC97E5501B1.png"><br>1.填写心脏四个腔的名称4;6;8;9。在心脏的四个腔中,流动脉血的结构是[]和[]。<br>2.与心房相连的血管中,流动着动脉血的是[]。扎紧图中的,将清水从注入心脏,心脏里容不下的清水将由[]流出。<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2021/e449f5c20cef47aa83e22de9b6eae815/942CD108CFF1E2E0B0015D76E4FBBA2E.png"><br>解析<br>略<br>
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