第一节 铁的性质
<p>课题 第一节 铁的性质</P><p>课堂模式</P><p>“引导——探究”教学模式“引导——探索——整理——发展”四个途径</P><p>1）引导</P><p>通过设问、提出问题、引导学生对人类利用最广泛的金属</P><p>探索。</P><p>2）探索</P><p>通过实验、阅读、练习，逐个得出铁与氧气、稀硫酸、浓硫</P><p>酸铜溶液反应的现象及方程式。</P><p>3）整理</P><p>通过学生的交流、总结，教师讲解、指导，得出铁的性质。</P><p>4）发展</P><p>上升到“铁是一种化学性质比较活泼的金属”的理解，小结，</P><p>使学生更深一步对铁有更新的认识。</P><p>课堂类型 新授课</P><p>教学目标</P><p>1：知识目标：（1）了解铁的物理性质（2）掌握铁与氧气、稀</P><p>酸、浓酸、硫酸铜溶液反应的化学现象和相应的化学方程式</P><p>（3）使学生理解铁是一种化学比较活泼的金属。</P><p>2：能力目标：培养学生科学的思维方法、自学能力、观察能力、</P><p>创新意识和实践能力。</P><p>3：情感目标：创设教学情景、激发学生的学习兴趣，充分发挥</P><p>其主体作用，适时地进行辩证唯物主义教育。</P><p>教学重点</P><p>铁的化学性质</P><p>教学难点</P><p>对铁的“化学性质比较活泼”的理解</P><p>教学手段</P><p>演示实验、学生分组实验、讲练结合、运用电教手段</P><p>实验用品</P><p>药品 金属铁片 还原铁粉 铁钉 铁丝 氧气（演示）</P><p>稀硫酸 浓硫酸（演示） 硫酸铜溶液 磁铁 铜粉及铁粉混合物</P><p>仪器 试管三支 集气瓶 药匙 镊子 酒精灯 毛玻</P><p>璃片一块（<?xml:namespace prefix =st1 ns ="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags" /><st1:chmetcnv w:st="on" UnitName="cm" SourceValue="20" HasSpace="False" Negative="False" NumberType="1" TCSC="0">20cm</st1:chmetcnv>*<st1:chmetcnv w:st="on" UnitName="cm" SourceValue="20" HasSpace="False" Negative="False" NumberType="1" TCSC="0">20cm</st1:chmetcnv>）</P><p>其他 小黑板 投影纸 投影胶片等课件</P><p>教学过程</P><p>教师活动 学生活动 目标设置及体现</P><p>组织教学 课前致礼 立、坐、礼</P><p>设问直接 非金属单质，这一节课我们共同</P><p>导入 新课 探讨人类使用最广泛的金属，请 集体回答：铁 激发学生的兴趣、启</P><p>翻书到151页，人类使用最广泛 产生兴趣并思 迪思维</P><p>的金属是什么？ 考</P><p>板书 第八章 铁 第一章铁的性质</P><p>讲述 人类冶炼金属总量的90%是铁，</P><p>所以人类利用最广泛的金属是铁</P><p>铁是地壳中存在占第二位的金属</P><p>提问 请阅读教材并互相讨论日常生活 讨论并回答思考 创设的教学情境</P><p>中哪些地方用到钢铁？举些实例 兴奋</P><p>小结 日常生活中许多地方用到钢铁如</P><p>出示幻灯片 刀具、汽车的外壳、门窗、钢笔</P><p>电线、铁钉、变压器、发电机、</P><p>轮船外壳等等，铁有如此广泛的</P><p>用途是因为铁具有许多优良的性</P><p>质。</P><p>板书 一、物理性质</P><p>演示 铁片、铁钉（无锈） 学生观察铁钉、 培养学生阅读、观察、</P><p>铁片 分析的能力</P><p>讲述并提问 根据教材回答铁是一种什么样 阅读教材</P><p>的金属单质？</P><p>投影或板书 铁是一种银白色金属，熔点、沸 学生通过自学了解 培养学生语言表达</P><p>点较高，p=<st1:chmetcnv w:st="on" UnitName="克" SourceValue="7.867" HasSpace="False" Negative="False" NumberType="1" TCSC="0">7.867克</st1:chmetcnv>/立方厘米， 有关知识，讨论阅 能力</P><p>质地较软，有延展性。 读自己归纳并回答</P><p>演示 将铁丝弯曲</P><p>讲述 铁在<st1:chmetcnv w:st="on" UnitName="摄氏度" SourceValue="2023" HasSpace="False" Negative="False" NumberType="1" TCSC="0">2023摄氏度</st1:chmetcnv>时可熔化为铁</P><p>水。</P><p>投影 钢铁厂炼铁时的流动液体</P><p>讲述 在<st1:chmetcnv w:st="on" UnitName="摄氏度" SourceValue="2023" HasSpace="False" Negative="False" NumberType="1" TCSC="0">2023摄氏度</st1:chmetcnv>时会沸腾形成气 通过讲述让学生更深 提高学生的辩知能</P><p>态物质，就象冰在0摄氏度时可 刻认识到铁熔、沸点 力，让学生养成细</P><p>溶成水一样在100摄氏度时可气化 较高的特性，让学 致观察的习惯。</P><p>成水蒸汽相似铁可以抽成铁丝，铁 生认识到延性、展</P><p>丝也可以抽成更细的丝，这说明铁 性。</P><p>具有延性。铁也可以锻打成铁板、</P><p>铁片、很薄的刀片，这说明铁具有</P><p>展性</P><p>演示 几种不同的细铁丝，并弯曲它们，</P><p>几种不同的铁片、刀片。</P><p>投影或板书 导电性、导热性。 学生继续回答</P><p>提问 能否举一些日常生活中关于铁导电 讨论 激发学生兴趣</P><p>导热的例子</P><p>讲述 铁的导电性比铜、铝弱，金属导电</P><p>性较好的是银，其次铜，再次铝。</P><p>铁在日常生活中导电、导热的例子</P><p>太多如用铁做导线，用铁做锅子等</P><p>投影或板书 易被磁体吸引，易磁化。 学生回答</P><p>演示 用磁铁分别吸引铝、铜、铁。</P><p>分组实验 如何分开铜粉和铁粉。 学生操作 培养学生实验操</P><p>讲述 由于铁受磁体吸引本身也会被磁化 作能力从而更深</P><p>故铁也可以应用于电动机、发电机 刻认识铁的物理</P><p>的铁芯，用于电磁起重机等 性质。</P><p>小结 铁是人类运用最广泛的金属，它与</P><p>大多数金属一样有金属光泽，不溶</P><p>与水，易导电、导热等，同时也有</P><p>自己的特性：如熔、沸点较高、质</P><p>软、被磁体吸引易磁化。</P><p>提问过度 铁在金属活动性顺序表的位置。 学生回答</P><p>讲述 由于铁排在氢前面，所以它是一种</P><p>化学性质比较活泼的金属。</P><p>板书 二、铁的化学性质</P><p>学生分组 左边同学用细铁丝在空气中加热， 学生操作实验 培养学生分析、对</P><p>操作 右边同学用细铁丝在氧气中点燃要 比、归纳的能力。</P><p>求学生观察现象及书写方程式并注</P><p>意有关事项。</P><p>小结 铁在空气中不能点燃，在氧气中点 通过实验、分析 培养学生实事求是</P><p>燃后，火星四射，放出大量的热， 推断、比较、归 的唯物主义观点。</P><p>生成黑色固体。 纳。</P><p>提问 铁在氧气中燃烧有哪些注意事项。 及时复习旧知识 培养学生综合能</P><p>（1）要在集气瓶底铺一层细沙或水 力和科学的方法</P><p>为什么？</P><p>（2）铁丝要绕成螺旋状为什么？</P><p>（3）铁丝要点燃，为什么？</P><p>板书 1、与氧气</P><p>投影表格 铁在空气中，与氧气中的反应比较 填写表格。</P><TABLE style="BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; BORDER-TOP: medium none; MARGIN: auto auto auto 68.55pt; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; BORDER-BOTTOM: medium none; BORDER-COLLAPSE: collapse; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-table-layout-alt: fixed; mso-border-insideh: .5pt solid windowtext; mso-border-insidev: .5pt solid windowtext" cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=0 border=1><TBODY><TR style="HEIGHT: 10.5pt; mso-yfti-irow: 0; mso-yfti-firstrow: yes; page-break-inside: avoid"><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: windowtext 1pt solid; WIDTH: 41.85pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 10.5pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=56 rowSpan=2><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; WIDTH: 115.5pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 10.5pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=154 colSpan=2><p>空气</P><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; WIDTH: 15.75pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 10.5pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=21 rowSpan=2><p>氧气</P><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; WIDTH: 12.75pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: #ece9d8; HEIGHT: 10.5pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=17 rowSpan=9><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; WIDTH: 40.5pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 10.5pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=54 rowSpan=2><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; WIDTH: 87.75pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 10.5pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=117 colSpan=2><p>空气</P><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; WIDTH: 74.25pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 10.5pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=99><p>氧气</P><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: #ece9d8; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; BORDER-BOTTOM: #ece9d8; HEIGHT: 10.5pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent" width=0 height=14></TR><TR style="HEIGHT: 9pt; mso-yfti-irow: 1; page-break-inside: avoid"><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; WIDTH: 57.75pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 9pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=77><p>干燥的空气</P><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; WIDTH: 57.75pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 9pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=77><p>潮湿的空气</P><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; WIDTH: 57pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 9pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=76><p>干燥</P><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; WIDTH: 30.75pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 9pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=41><p>潮湿</P><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; WIDTH: 74.25pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 9pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=99><p>点燃</P><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: #ece9d8; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; BORDER-BOTTOM: #ece9d8; HEIGHT: 9pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent" width=0 height=12></TR><TR style="HEIGHT: 10.5pt; mso-yfti-irow: 2; page-break-inside: avoid"><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: windowtext 1pt solid; WIDTH: 41.85pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 10.5pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=56><p>条件</P><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; WIDTH: 57.75pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 10.5pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=77><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; WIDTH: 57.75pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 10.5pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=77><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; WIDTH: 15.75pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 10.5pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=21><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; WIDTH: 40.5pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 10.5pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=54 rowSpan=3><p>条件</P><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; WIDTH: 57pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 10.5pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=76 rowSpan=3><p>加热</P><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; WIDTH: 30.75pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 10.5pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=41 rowSpan=3><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; WIDTH: 74.25pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 10.5pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=99 rowSpan=3><p>①火星四射</P><p>②放出大量热</P><p>③生成黑色固体</P><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: #ece9d8; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; BORDER-BOTTOM: #ece9d8; HEIGHT: 10.5pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent" width=0 height=14></TR><TR style="HEIGHT: 11.25pt; mso-yfti-irow: 3; page-break-inside: avoid"><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: windowtext 1pt solid; WIDTH: 41.85pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 11.25pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=56><p><?xml:namespace prefix =v ns ="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:vml" /><v:line id=_x2023_s2023 style="Z-INDEX: 1; LEFT: 0px; POSITION: absolute; TEXT-ALIGN: left; flip: y; mso-position-horizontal-relative: text; mso-position-vertical-relative: text" to="220.5pt,20.4pt" from="162.75pt,10.9pt" o:allowincell="f"></v:line>现象</P><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; WIDTH: 57.75pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 11.25pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=77><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; WIDTH: 57.75pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 11.25pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=77><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; WIDTH: 15.75pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 11.25pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=21><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: #ece9d8; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; BORDER-BOTTOM: #ece9d8; HEIGHT: 11.25pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent" width=0 height=15></TR><TR style="HEIGHT: 12pt; mso-yfti-irow: 4; page-break-inside: avoid"><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: windowtext 1pt solid; WIDTH: 41.85pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 12pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=56><p>方程式</P><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; WIDTH: 57.75pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 12pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=77><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; WIDTH: 57.75pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 12pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=77><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; WIDTH: 15.75pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 12pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=21><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: #ece9d8; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; BORDER-BOTTOM: #ece9d8; HEIGHT: 12pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent" width=0 height=16></TR><TR style="HEIGHT: 9pt; mso-yfti-irow: 5; page-break-inside: avoid"><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: windowtext 1pt solid; WIDTH: 41.85pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 9pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=56><p>结论</P><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; WIDTH: 57.75pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 9pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=77><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; WIDTH: 57.75pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 9pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=77><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; WIDTH: 15.75pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 9pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=21><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; WIDTH: 40.5pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 9pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=54><p>现象</P><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; WIDTH: 57pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 9pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=76><p>黑色固体</P><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; WIDTH: 30.75pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 9pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=41><p>生锈</P><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; WIDTH: 74.25pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 9pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=99><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: #ece9d8; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; BORDER-BOTTOM: #ece9d8; HEIGHT: 9pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent" width=0 height=12></TR><TR style="HEIGHT: 11.25pt; mso-yfti-irow: 6; page-break-inside: avoid"><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: #ece9d8; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; WIDTH: 173.1pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: #ece9d8; HEIGHT: 11.25pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=231 colSpan=4 rowSpan=3><p><v:line id=_x2023_s2023 style="Z-INDEX: 2; LEFT: 0px; POSITION: absolute; TEXT-ALIGN: left; flip: y; mso-position-horizontal-relative: text; mso-position-vertical-relative: text" to="372.75pt,12pt" from="346.5pt,2.5pt" o:allowincell="f"></v:line></P><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; WIDTH: 40.5pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 11.25pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=54><p>方程式</P><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; WIDTH: 57pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 11.25pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=76><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; WIDTH: 30.75pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 11.25pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=41><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; WIDTH: 74.25pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 11.25pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=99><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: #ece9d8; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; BORDER-BOTTOM: #ece9d8; HEIGHT: 11.25pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent" width=0 height=15></TR><TR style="HEIGHT: 19pt; mso-yfti-irow: 7; page-break-inside: avoid"><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; WIDTH: 40.5pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 19pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=54 rowSpan=2><p>结论</P><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; WIDTH: 162pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 19pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=216 colSpan=3 rowSpan=2><p>在干燥的空气中很难与氧气化合加热到高温反应在纯氧中燃烧</P><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: #ece9d8; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; BORDER-BOTTOM: #ece9d8; HEIGHT: 19pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent" width=0 height=25></TR><TR style="HEIGHT: 19pt; mso-yfti-irow: 8; page-break-inside: avoid; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes"><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: #ece9d8; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; BORDER-BOTTOM: #ece9d8; HEIGHT: 19pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent" width=0 height=25></TR></TABLE><p>讲述 由于铁在氢的前面，所以铁可以与 学生动手操作，</P><p>稀硫酸、稀盐酸反应。 讲现象放出气体</P><p>学生实验 将一块铁片投入到稀硫酸溶液中观 生产浅绿色溶液</P><p>察现象，另一位同学将铁投入到稀</P><p>盐酸中观察现象。</P><p>提问 要求学生板书方程式。 板书</P><p>提问 能否用稀硝酸代替稀硫酸制取氢气。</P><p>回答 不能，稀硝酸具有较强的氧化性，</P><p>与金属反应时几乎不产生氢气。</P><p>提问复习 在实验室制取氢气时还可以采用哪 复习旧知识 培养学生综合能</P><p>些金属？ 力和科学的学习</P><p>学生回答 还可以用锌、镁、铝等。 学生讨论回答 方法。</P><p>提问 哪种金属与酸反应更激烈？排出它</P><p>门的活动性顺序表，写出有关方程</P><p>式。</P><p>学生回答 镁比铝活泼，铝比锌活泼，锌比铁</P><p>活泼。活动性顺序表是镁、铝、铁。</P><p>学生板书 培养学生知识的</P><p>迁移、应用能力</P><p>演示实验 常温下，将铁钉分别置于两支试管 学生观察并阅读 培养学生观察能</P><p>中，分别加入5毫升浓硫酸、浓硝 教材，思维、讨 力。</P><p>酸静置，观察现象。稍后加热再观 论、归纳。</P><p>察现象。</P><p>学生回答 常温下，铁与浓硫酸、浓硝酸无明 学生回答 辩证唯物主义教</P><p>显的反应，加热时，反应较激烈且 育。</P><p>有刺激性气体放出。</P><p>提问 为什么铁与稀硫酸能反应而常温下</P><p>不与浓硫酸、浓硝酸反应？</P><p>学生阅读 朗读教材第152页倒数第七行至第 阅读集体朗读 培养阅读理解能</P><p>四行。 力。</P><p>小结归纳 常温下，铁不与浓硫酸，浓硝酸反</P><p>应并不意味着它任何条件下都不反</P><p>应，而是因为常温下生成了致密的</P><p>氧化物的保护薄膜。</P><p>小组实验 将洁净的铁钉放入盛有硫酸铜溶液 学生动手操作 培养学生的实践</P><p>的试管中静置片刻后取出观察 及观察能力</P><p>学生回答 铁的表面生成红色固体。溶液变成</P><p>教师归纳 浅绿色</P><p>讲述并板书</P><p>提问 铁与硫酸铜的反应是什么反应类型 讨论、辩答 培养学生创新意</P><p>铜不能与稀硫酸反应，能否从硫酸 归纳 识</P><p>亚铁中置换出铁？</P><p>小结讲述 铁可以从硫酸铜溶液中置换出铜，</P><p>而铜无法硫酸溶液中置换出氢气</P><p>及无法从硫酸亚铁溶液中置换出</P><p>铁，说明铁比铜活泼</P><p>讲述 有关铁与硫酸铜溶液的反应，我 爱国主义教育</P><p>国在西汉时期就已有记载，宋朝</P><p>已应用于生产，是现代湿法冶金</P><p>的先驱，它是练铜的一种方法</P><p>本课总结 用课堂板书，简要概括本课内容， 形成系统的知识 培养科学的学习</P><p>揭示本课目标，强调本节重点— 网络 方法和归纳能力</P><p>铁是一种比较活泼的金属（也可</P><p>用投影打出有关知识网络。</P><p>出示习题 随堂练习（附后） 理解、记忆 检测目标及时反馈</P><p>巡视 及时纠正、反馈评价 学生思考</P><p>布置作业 ①复习本课内容材 培养自学能力</P><p>②预习第二节 生铁和铜</P><p>③教材 第153页第3题</P><p>板书设计 ：</P><p>第八章 铁</P><p>第一节 铁的性质</P><p>一 、物理性质</P><p>银白色 金属</P><p>熔沸点高</P><p>密度<st1:chmetcnv w:st="on" UnitName="克" SourceValue="7.86" HasSpace="False" Negative="False" NumberType="1" TCSC="0">7.86克</st1:chmetcnv>/立方厘米 质软</P><p>延展性 导电、导热、易磁化</P><p>二、化学性质</P><p>比较活泼的金属</P><p>1、与氧气</P><p>2、与酸</P><p>3、与硫酸铜溶液</P><p>附：</P><p>课堂练习：</P><p>1、书P：153 1、2、</P><p>2、人类社会利用最广泛的金属是<U></U>它约占人类冶金总量的<U></U>%</P><p>3、铁制成导线利用铁的<U></U>性，铁制成铁锅利用铁的<U></U>性，铁制成铁</P><p>丝利用铁的<U></U>性。</P><p>4、 4、下列金属活动性顺序正确的是： （ ）</P><p>A Fe Zn Cu B Zn Al Fe C Mg Al Fe D Cu Fe Zn</P><p>5、下列铁的运用与铁的化学性质有关的是： （ ）</P><p>A铁打造成刀 B铁制成铁箱</P><p>C铁用于电动机的铁芯 D铁罐用于盛放浓硫酸</P><p>6、我国古代湿法冶金的原理是<U></U></P><p>7、下列中Fe为+3价的是： （ ）</P><p>A B C D</P><p>8、在氯化铜和浓硫酸铜的溶液中加入过量的铁粉充分反应后过滤，滤纸上留下的物</P><p>质是： （ ）</P><p>A铜 B铁 C铁和铜 D铁和硫酸铜</P><p>9、下列方程式中书写正确的是： （ ）</P><p>A B</P><p>C D</P><p>10、例举三方法除去铜粉中的铁粉：</P>
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