2020-2021学年七年级下册生物人教版单元测试AB卷 第四单元第五章 人体内废物的排出 A
※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>肾小体的构成是( )<br>A.肾小球和肾小囊 B.肾小囊和肾小管<br>C.肾小球和肾小管 D.肾单位和肾小囊<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/1cb471ce540d461ebd088bde0762a31a/E7F0EDF83F40244C8F0C84B97471AED6.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/f5931d4501224e49ac825749b57a7882/A645BF0D345EA69F5703F69C8A32FA72.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>一个肾脏由100多万个肾单位构成,下列不属于肾单位的结构的是( )<br>A.肾小球 B.肾小管 C.肾小囊 D.输尿管<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/fd8999de606740e0a53345e8abdb888f/01A39E48B8A67989A23F6887F26FCC64.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/da3e48b635fd40b98cfb111ded084ff4/AE13FF337CD1D97231BF46A292B49FEA.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>如图所示器官中,形成尿液的是( )<imgA.甲 B.乙 C.丙 D.丁<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/fa3341e78db34e0d8eaa711d4544e577/CFD11B39D2C70E3BAFF53A76B86BA12A.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/392f992928d649fd8314b09696649a69/D918D4CCBECA662AF56ABACFBB8F621F.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>如图为人的泌尿系统,箭头表示流向,比较1、2、3结构内尿素的浓度,从低到高的正确顺序是( )<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2019/5/8/655F11F9EA5750CF9F74424F4C90A103.png"><br>A.1-2-3 B.2-1-3 C.3-2-1 D.3-1-2<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2019/c6e0e0fb935549de82caa5d87fa9ef30/E7F0EDF83F40244C8F0C84B97471AED6.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2019/f1f41178095340239645774f35e7d18a/872FA89DD699837D2122CD6AAC5030EC.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>下图为某人肾单位内葡萄糖含量变化曲线图,其中A、B、C表示组成肾单位的有关结构,那么B内的液体和C的名称分别是( )<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2018/12/20/65AA59E9719D94E1D29529D64681D5F5.png"><br>A..血液、肾小球 B.原尿、肾小囊<br>C.原尿、肾小管 D.尿液、肾小管<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2018/3b6eedf374aa498ca1d53fffef537a38/06CA09E70C17EF8BA2D3B8C70D693953.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2018/1228dd9fd0a74627aa7c9da8e41f74b0/8CB22C667434B23A7ACB66C45782BC10.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>关于排尿的意义叙述中,不正确的是( )<br>A.促进营养物质的消化吸收<br>B.调节水和无机盐的含量<br>C.维持组织细胞的正常生理功能<br>D.排除废物以免积累过多,受到毒害<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/ad7fd36dda614bdda8e471f5aad64bf1/DA50F910BECBBBA4AAB35D7A1AB24524.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/7b3c7e592c0841af91874757452e7de5/199C0E43E41637C83F29B4F2F2118F10.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：较易<br>如图为人体的泌尿系统示意图。下列有关叙述正确的是( )<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2019/4/25/0763847B513FAB20653F098F1CFF4281.png"><br>A.尿素是在甲处形成的<br>B.甲是人体内唯一有排泄功能的器官<br>C.血液中的尿素等代谢废物可在甲处过滤并形成尿液<br>D.尿液中的大部分水分,会于丙处被重吸收<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2019/9f445371ba6749709991782b915472fa/06CA09E70C17EF8BA2D3B8C70D693953.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2019/ca6a4879e63c4f2db0f84fc3ca84da89/F255ADC4D79B354FD7BC375D4EA3D354.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>下图为肾单位结构模式图,图中①和②代表结构,③和④代表液体,下列说法正确的是( )<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2019/4/25/59732D60ADF6FD2EBAC020FF7B2AF469.png"><br>A.水、无机盐、葡萄糖、尿素和大分子蛋白质经①过滤到②中<br>B.在健康人体内,肾小球末端和肾小管末端流动着的液体分别是动脉血和尿液<br>C.③和④都含有水、无机盐、葡萄糖和尿素<br>D.喝进的水全部随④排出,需要经过肾静脉<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2019/a4691d2054bd42b88cbb9d942dd9d926/76900E09FAB5EBA344B8EA84E844FF07.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2019/85b73abc4483415697ba14b68ed8feec/3ACEEB2B3F4413290E58D64F08856483.png"><br><br>※题型：读图填空题※知识点：读图填空题※试题难度：中等<br>下图表示血液流经肾脏形成尿液的过程中几种成分在各种液体中百分含量的变化,字母表示肾脏的有关结构。据图回答下列问题:<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2019/4/26/2DBA17E0862BEA4BA693B4912ECE5EC7.png"><br>style="VERTICAL-ALIGN:middle">1.曲线甲、乙所示物质分别是、。(填“葡萄糖,’或“尿素”)<br>2.内的液体叫。<br>3.图中[]表示有重吸收功能的。<br>4.如果在D中发现红细胞,可能是[]发生病变。<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2019/3f3b30594c7c4eef9e415d538362eea2/8D9D90EB270B68108B900AD31F52132B.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2019/bf7443e54926448aadbc6f735740b1e5/4A8E5E528F40DBEA9F21CE13785AE1C2.png"><br><br>
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