2020-2021学年生物北师大版八年级上册期末复习提分训练：6.生物的遗传和变异
※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>学习了性状的遗传后,同学们议论纷纷:甲:“基因组成相同,性状一定相同”<br>乙:“性状表现相同,则基因组成一定相同”<br>丙:“隐性基因控制的性状一定被隐藏起来”<br>丁:“生物的变异都能遗传给后代”<br>上述四位同学的说法,不正确的是( )<br>A.甲、乙 B.甲、乙、丙<br>C.丙、丁 D.甲、乙、丙、丁<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2019/d5a0bfc3bdcc48ed981d77d84fe4d83e/01A39E48B8A67989A23F6887F26FCC64.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2019/7bf13aec47a44a3c917bb733a2399a3b/A0920C0DA4BAE592C44EE4EF82137DB2.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>下列关于遗传和变异的说法,正确的是( )<br>A.“一母生九仔,连母十个样”描述的是遗传现象<br>B.菊花品种繁多、花色各异,描述的是变异现象<br>C.太空育种改变了种子内的营养物质<br>D.生男生女是由卵细胞中的性染色体决定的<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2019/e38070683cba43beb5d84c289c49bd21/76900E09FAB5EBA344B8EA84E844FF07.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2019/36e581a6452740258713a15989eccb31/2F5ABAE1F33BA4402B150AA02A93F8C8.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>在图中,对染色体、DNA、基因三者之间关系的正确图示是( )A.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2019/8/12/2DFFA633C69BF64E1506A360C74E97B6.png"><br>B.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2019/8/12/31FB155A5767E8A1831384591617108A.png"><br>C.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2019/8/12/32B8AFDADA081F3C709C6DC27407EC52.png"><br>D.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2019/8/12/8121A9F07AB76C95454F2DDF2EB1203D.png"><br><br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2019/d3fa30bd736b498091fdb5dcad55ec9f/E7F0EDF83F40244C8F0C84B97471AED6.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2019/13430545548842cfbd89a44da812db2d/D91591F31588C80E0C4AEDDC0E8CC2A2.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>下列关于染色体、DNA和基因的关系的叙述中,不正确的是( )<br>A.在生物的传种接代过程中,基因是随染色体传递的<br>B.染色体上有DNA,DNA上有基因<br>C.每条染色体上有许多个DNA分子,每个DNA分子上有许多个基因<br>D.生殖细胞中染色体、DNA和基因都不能成对存在<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/ce3276abbeb94530b173ac3eb80fb054/06CA09E70C17EF8BA2D3B8C70D693953.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/11e9055aaa1f417385922467d167801d/6C99601AE322A6F450C34D6E0E010DCE.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>下图为某生物体细胞中染色体与基因的关系示意图,下列有关叙述错误的是( )<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/3/24/B53C595C7C7B96B5FBAB4B2CA6CB8A0A.png"><br>A.基因a控制隐性性状<br>B.基因A控制显性性状<br>C.基因a控制的性状不能在后代中表现<br>D.如果基因A来自父方,则基因a来自母方<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/95532dc8928e4780aa206ba89a17e843/06CA09E70C17EF8BA2D3B8C70D693953.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/79f1150d0aa84b2b8f74c6991db8934f/3129B2A7E21D2A085DA12A10CA028012.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>一对夫妇,父亲为双眼皮,母亲为单眼皮,生了一个单眼皮的孩子(已知双眼皮对单眼皮为显性)。后来母亲通过手术做成了双眼皮。若该夫妇再生育一个孩子,孩子为双眼皮的几率为( )<br>A.25% B.50% C.75% D.100%<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/69d651eb35aa4464a9ac48fb10078a42/76900E09FAB5EBA344B8EA84E844FF07.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/006dfa22ff714030ad93cec7affbca6b/64F6036D7154661053868A4B8FECED97.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>水生植物水毛茛伸出水面的叶同浸没在水中的叶外表不同的原因是( )<br>A.遗传的普遍性 B.环境对性状的影响<br>C.变异 D.基因的作用<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2019/f1d2547b3537474a90531db379d206c3/76900E09FAB5EBA344B8EA84E844FF07.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2019/337dfd8503a0454c81732cfea84b467f/C763EC5253F7C82DEE6EF79BB4190ED9.png"><br><br>
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