广东省佛山市南海区2019-2020学年七年级下学期期中考试生物试卷
※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>关于人体生长发育的起点的述说,正确的是( )<br>A.受精卵 B.胎儿分娩 C.青春期 D.卵细胞<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/19bc9a0130024d1b99dc2e5a677b93b4/5EB37C218D6D19EB98E791A4205997A8.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/47be5909049c4e2c88af999eccf893ea/42ADCCBA0BDB81A3605390315761D1FA.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>仔细观察图,实验时要使被观察的物体放大50倍,正确的镜头组合为( )<imgA.①和③ B.①和④ C.①和⑥ D.④和⑥<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/236d757645624b598a03c824f4fc2a46/CFD11B39D2C70E3BAFF53A76B86BA12A.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/323f19fe0ec1445d8148df72bd0d34ca/439BE59E351A1DDC319933CAB7D72027.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>人体在吸气时,肋间肌和膈肌的运动状况是( )<br>A.都向上运动<br>B.都向下运动<br>C.肋间肌收缩,膈肌收缩膈顶向下<br>D.肋间肌舒张,膈肌收缩膈顶向上<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/8afef7becc6348acbbca83bfd0fb26f6/B01B9AD1709CC523F9D63862305777A8.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/566158aac6dd496583b556502f9015b7/582BBB1A2C0DCBF8FE61CA2CFB5B2238.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>下列食物中,蛋白质含量较高的是( )<br>A.猪的肥肉 B.牛的瘦肉 C.芹菜的叶 D.马铃薯块茎<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/c25499327b504562a48763a4ad7e95fb/CFD11B39D2C70E3BAFF53A76B86BA12A.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/4ae5ef3048a441868e9ff6224ca904c7/8427BBB5F2D5B2191AECF17E18646135.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>以下行为,正确的是( )<br>A.每天可以尽量少饮水,减少上厕所的次数,来增加学习时间<br>B.小丽学习很用功,连吃早餐的时间也用在学习上,同学们都很佩服她<br>C.小明与几个要好的同学,经常在吃了晚餐后,马上开展剧烈的球类比赛<br>D.张华一有时间,就帮父母把厨房、厕所和房间打扫得整洁、干净<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/344ad761c7f44252809c5b8d9eac5812/B4A95E0049EF7D88C3ABD6FDD51A35AE.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/5f63504dd5654da8bbe6ddc5b9fb03c8/8BD119FE971CC6011B1AC931CEE00A5E.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>下列消化液中不含消化酶的是( )<br>A.胃液 B.唾液 C.肠液 D.胆汁<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/fb434152b1984372a6297459d38e5686/B4A95E0049EF7D88C3ABD6FDD51A35AE.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/94301bb1767548e88994e1fc877b34fe/DC4B4605B408A9B14FBCC094A848974F.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>有关维生素的说法,错误的是( )<br>A.维生素不是不是构成细胞的主要原料<br>B.能够为人体提供能量<br>C.人体一旦缺乏,就会影响正常生长发育,甚至患病<br>D.人体对它的需要量很小<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/04579ab29f4a4960b5bcae177f634d03/CFD11B39D2C70E3BAFF53A76B86BA12A.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/44cf02651c47477ea46c4983f7342991/B952D17123EC7A46AA1B5A4E2EA441BB.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>中学生应关注食品安全。以下说法正确的是( )<br>A.饮料中不含防腐剂、香精或人造色素,可以尽量多些饮用<br>B.街头小吃色、香、味俱浓,多吃有益于身体健康<br>C.每次购买食品时,都要特别关注保质期<br>D.麦当劳、肯德基就是香,多吃能促进食欲<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/a62b5bb285d14dd5a92cc25df72c2836/B01B9AD1709CC523F9D63862305777A8.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/396a4f39be1847c7aeea2ee47a4aa767/CDAAF5DDE71609182B2810932E177BD9.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>以下关于痰的叙述,错误的是( )<br>A.痰中有细菌等病原体,所以不能随地吐痰<br>B.气管和支气管内表面有纤毛,向咽喉方向不停地摆动<br>C.气管和支气管壁上有腺细胞,能分泌黏液<br>D.痰是由消化道内表面的消化腺和黏膜分泌形成的<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/896e991ca11b4d60a43535ba3a164232/B4A95E0049EF7D88C3ABD6FDD51A35AE.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/e2e18dfa54e64e74ac3b9bf7f7ea8486/F9DC6F01209785679F659B42FDC3F8C4.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>下列属于血红蛋白特性的是( )<br>A.在氧浓度高的地方与氧溶液结合,在氧浓度低的地方与氧容易分离<br>B.在氧浓度低的地方与氧容易结合,在氧浓度高的地方与氧容易分离<br>C.在氧浓度低的地方与氧容易分离,在氧浓度高的地方与氧容易分离<br>D.在氧浓度高的地方与氧容易结合,在氧浓度低的地方与氧容易结合<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/61cc062c64634836b7cc3f07cbf8e2d7/5EB37C218D6D19EB98E791A4205997A8.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/0b19b5ca197e4cb1b641675445d169eb/A49A0360B3B2139B81C71D29EC857D3F.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>人在吸气时不能同时进行的是( )<br>A.咀嚼 B.吞咽 C.说话 D.消化<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/f949cb5863d34c368362836cfdea3663/CFD11B39D2C70E3BAFF53A76B86BA12A.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/da6dd80a4ed4415f9f2fe7710e0af953/DA345C4A9D12122DC84F4B7D9B108B67.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>具有吞噬病菌功能的细胞是( )<br>A.红细胞 B.血小板 C.细菌 D.白细胞<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/2e70757551184d28b82b2f87becb5270/B4A95E0049EF7D88C3ABD6FDD51A35AE.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/c9638b30f4f549d5baf6c6884b999df4/B7EBE8932B405F7010984910CFE09AE1.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>关于贫血的叙述,不正确的是( )<br>A.患者血液中红细胞数量过少<br>B.患者血液中血红蛋白含量过低<br>C.患者平时膳食中蛋白质过多<br>D.患者平时膳食中铁的摄入量不足<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/93b0977f01974c6792debb294a697231/B01B9AD1709CC523F9D63862305777A8.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/ef0352aaa12041399bddfe0818d6ed5a/1254026F53EF452F2B3CDA31DE4FACE3.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>下列细胞中,没有细胞核的是( )<br>A.白细胞 B.红细胞 C.精子 D.卵细胞<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/1c9c4b79d5ec4df8b196788ff64b6e0b/CFD11B39D2C70E3BAFF53A76B86BA12A.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/2bc2a6a37abe4785a34a6d2cad94d1ad/CC346ADD1C9A6C1E105FBBDFCF1C16AD.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>用显微镜观察小鱼尾鳍内血液流动时,辨别毛细血管的最显著特征是( )<br>A.管壁较厚 B.血液流向心脏<br>C.红细胞成单行通过 D.血流速度较快<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/a222a5579c3240cba596887f7953628c/B01B9AD1709CC523F9D63862305777A8.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/f7e1d0a57d59485db272610661800d2e/3349D85D1BA6D97131FC996E5ACD9C47.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>人患急性炎症时,血液中哪种成分会增多( )<br>A.白细胞 B.血小板 C.红细胞 D.血浆<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/c316786164694e038891dd71d60a502a/5EB37C218D6D19EB98E791A4205997A8.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/4e4d33a4ea494d4194dcd0b42713fb48/7FFE20908472BFCEBF276D795F07E2AE.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>从小肠吸收来的氨基酸,在心脏的哪个腔内最先发现( )<br>A.左心房 B.右心房 C.左心室 D.右心室<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/b1913195c646449eb856f2dbca1e22b7/CFD11B39D2C70E3BAFF53A76B86BA12A.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/d498745e2a46489284dd022191a8ce11/FDFA3FAF4E0519D575C28FC254A18E18.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>某人因为受伤大量出血,医生检验其血型为A型。他急需输入的血液应为( )<br>A.A型 B.B型 C.O型 D.AB型<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/65c02c9edc0b4b46b52d5263da66b78f/5EB37C218D6D19EB98E791A4205997A8.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/46f7826f4fab4bc4af1122023cc40f04/EF4BFB4E82BE516AEB975622D401BD7F.png"><br><br>※题型：判断题※知识点：判断题※试题难度：中等<br>血细胞包括红细胞、白细胞和血小板。( )<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/2835071de03c46719c414b875dfb0a5e/30DD843CDB3BA56B099358167285AE0A.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/130930e7d422427396e23ef1cea0c46f/9995BED389E806520507AAFB7A5E8680.png"><br><br>※题型：判断题※知识点：判断题※试题难度：中等<br>缺乏维生素D会患佝偻病、骨质疏松症。( )<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/b18796273e0f478ba575dddc6a153162/30DD843CDB3BA56B099358167285AE0A.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/5b3b88b9168b482a8bf9c5b13bf97496/871C94E79F6ACA8DE561C4EEEEBB8D67.png"><br><br>※题型：判断题※知识点：判断题※试题难度：中等<br>肝脏在人体内,是内分泌腺。( )<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/7a41afe5fb774c9ea2893f451d1ee9c7/95015F546A793C2185920069B95E958D.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/dd9f775d358e49b38276f39fe3573908/AAAC0E0B74909A58788C2568B78880D2.png"><br><br>※题型：判断题※知识点：判断题※试题难度：中等<br>向澄清的石灰水中通入人体呼出的气体,液体将变蓝色。( )<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/21ff9bd2383d437b80ae057f7d9699b6/95015F546A793C2185920069B95E958D.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/dc25d93f57164f79a8093b52d3f9fea3/2D49351A8B199A5D4CED057BAE8A3300.png"><br><br>※题型：判断题※知识点：判断题※试题难度：中等<br>小肠内含有的消化液为肠液、胰液和胆汁。<br>(<br>)<br><br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/72532d411d334f6ba3848ae52f80aa46/30DD843CDB3BA56B099358167285AE0A.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/754e46aef17649b7a2f3a817af74ea47/EF2C30C9E8264AFD225FBF865283DE91.png"><br><br>※题型：判断题※知识点：判断题※试题难度：中等<br>古人类的化石是研究人类起源问题的直接证据。( )<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/994b3a81aa15470aba804acdc894eddb/30DD843CDB3BA56B099358167285AE0A.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/fca9464140d847478cbd1afd7edf6b12/F5CBBCE4258713678CBA5D98CAB259E1.png"><br><br>※题型：判断题※知识点：判断题※试题难度：中等<br>胎儿与母体进行物质交换的结构是胎盘。( )<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/b67bd019bce049d1baeb4bdbabcb45f8/30DD843CDB3BA56B099358167285AE0A.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/668960d79c5b4ceab79d6b981009fb2c/A8FB419B9BE1D91E9899EA6D17D84845.png"><br><br>※题型：判断题※知识点：判断题※试题难度：中等<br>胃是人体消化道中消化和吸收的最重要器官。( )<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/7799c922fc2748a2a97e8fc63cdec358/95015F546A793C2185920069B95E958D.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/0b4672e9b9344a2297a9072c4c598b97/DFCD83D370D384C3B9ECEA13F8EEE83F.png"><br><br>※题型：判断题※知识点：判断题※试题难度：中等<br>无机盐是组成细胞的主要成分,并且能为生命活动提供能量。<br>(<br>)<br><br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/f61649ea997741bf94c9dd14dce34918/95015F546A793C2185920069B95E958D.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/a25f03b91d8e4ca0a11925c393478ae3/E918AB197CBE79EFB9B251912866E79C.png"><br><br>※题型：判断题※知识点：判断题※试题难度：中等<br>人体血液中成熟的红细胞没有细胞核。( )<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/f2cd31f0dab94481b8cb7d304b603561/30DD843CDB3BA56B099358167285AE0A.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/3a8b245d82c04c7c84196ed297f921a4/16F766BE097599C54BE3E8E8F9CE41E0.png"><br><br>※题型：实验题※知识点：实验题※试题难度：中等<br>下表为“唾液淀粉酶对淀粉的消化作用”的几组实验记录。<br><tbody><br>试管<br>加入物质(各<br>毫升)<br>水温<br>时间<br>试剂<br>加碘后的现象<br>①<br>淀粉<br>+<br>唾液<br>℃<br>10<br>分钟<br>碘液<br>②<br>淀粉<br>+<br>唾液<br>80<br>℃<br>10<br>分钟<br>碘液<br>③<br>淀粉<br>+<br>唾液<br>37<br>℃<br>10<br>分钟<br>碘液<br>④<br>淀粉<br>+<br>清水<br>37<br>℃<br>10<br>分钟<br>碘液<br></tbody><br>1.在表格内填写实验现象。(选填“变蓝”或“不变蓝”)<br>2.①号和②号试管的实验现象说明了什么?<br>3.③号试管的实验现象说明了什么?<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/1fc4a09d7ab3442488d3a1ec38683e56/D582648A9120CC7F7C581C542D0F9C6B.png"><br>解析<br>略<br>※题型：读图填空题※知识点：读图填空题※试题难度：中等<br>仔细观察图,写出以下标号所代表的结构名称:<br><img1._________;_________;_________;_________。<br>2.图中标号5处,是气体交换的场所,此处适于气体交换的特点是_________。<br>3.正常人大约每分钟呼吸__________次。<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/996a720f6f8a4e75af296502d6ee7f21/D01C6BF66D296AF373BB4F7FD21F8C2B.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/a879d4ceda304dd1be259a00da1f9334/698D2CC8F98A4596FD25FF7FEEBA4FF5.png"><br><br>※题型：读图填空题※知识点：读图填空题※试题难度：中等<br>图是消化系统模式图,请根据图回答问题:<br><img1.最大的消化腺是_________,它能分泌___________,<br>2.消化食物和吸收营养物质的主要场所是___________。<br>3.蛋白质开始消化的部位是___________,其最终被分解氨基酸。<br>4.脂肪开始消化的部位是___________,其最终被分解为甘油和脂肪酸。<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/118974d20e544886b7c16f7add60e4cb/94FB3AB3DE964853B334C659EBC7ED41.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/02933d99143f43f2bb04e12b54b05f72/E7DF0540BAD76FA6BE8C4E152B9171DC.png"><br><br>
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