广东省佛山市顺德区2019-2020学年七年级下学期期中考试生物试卷
※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>下列动物中,与人类亲缘关系最近的是( )<br>A.大象 B.金丝猴 C.黑猩猩 D.阿拉伯狒狒<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/8ad64440f03e4a75bfa4760bcf6959c7/B01B9AD1709CC523F9D63862305777A8.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/8e2623c3d8fc4dfbb5f71889a54b5820/6D6CE3C3FCB75E69AB7BE8F688CF7EF9.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>最早能直立行走,能够使用树枝、石块等来获取食物的是_____时代的古人类( )<br>A.“东非人 B.“南非人” C.“露西” D.北京猿人<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/a3084720a726484e91ca7f827c23f93f/06CA09E70C17EF8BA2D3B8C70D693953.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/0a5fe54234a544fb8db810619a29fe89/517FE2D5E9D5B361F08F887C59B5EF44.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>产生精子和卵细胞的器官分别是( )<br>A.输精管和输卵管 B.睾丸和卵巢<br>C.前列腺和卵巢 D.子宫和附睾<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/c41f80ed01c644f18105139463f188c2/CFD11B39D2C70E3BAFF53A76B86BA12A.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/604aa488ab684398ab7eccc396795222/697796946CEA716191F20CF8654566DC.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>男性生殖系统中,主要的性器官是( )<br>A.阴茎 B.睾丸 C.输精管 D.附睾<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/45a78981ebce4b1988215db699fe4d1a/CFD11B39D2C70E3BAFF53A76B86BA12A.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/eb6b5ee33fbe408f8e47995fc3c4f27a/C7A66D9453B7FC29FD9E86E4FDBBE01D.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>男性两侧输精管结扎后,生理上表现为( )<br>A.不产生精子,外部形态特征改变<br>B.产生精子,不能将精子排出体外<br>C.不产生精子,能排出精液<br>D.产生精子,能将精子排出体外<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/0397a1a3e53d43018d18210da5f3ad56/CFD11B39D2C70E3BAFF53A76B86BA12A.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/08d512bde3834cd188ca6393c2f70a3f/21FD1BD8E0AF54C24643DE7A3FFF5F05.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>关于胎儿获得营养物质的途径,下列顺序正确的是( )<br>A.脐带→胎盘→母体→胎儿<br>B.母体→胎盘→脐带→胎儿<br>C.胎盘→脐带→母体→胎儿<br>D.母体→脐带→胎盘→胎儿<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2014/fa0b5ba2d18b42f5acc81c0c368ced86/76900E09FAB5EBA344B8EA84E844FF07.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2014/980fd96d2ded4243a5aa08ba5dd4a607/239FF533D72137B3EFD77DED9033557D.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>在青春期,饮食上应该注意( )<br>A.多补充脂肪 B.多补充维生素<br>C.多补充糖类 D.营养,全面合理<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/fee4df406ed946be9987456e1225a572/B4A95E0049EF7D88C3ABD6FDD51A35AE.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/5de8f566d51444c180b283b86986748c/0FD76629E9230B99C2D614C7495D165F.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>下列食物中含有维生素C.最多的是( )<br>A.菠菜 B.土豆 C.鱼 D.辣椒<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/d10b98154c864d608a3238a903d7ca39/B4A95E0049EF7D88C3ABD6FDD51A35AE.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/7fbf04e8657740dcb1048a76d285d05d/1EBB644138A8868CC6F5E3106016984B.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>如果一个人患了夜盲症,你认为他需要的食物是( )<br>A.鸡肝 B.辣椒 C.鱼肉 D.牛奶<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/14ad4f6316644493acf02dbaddc346b6/5EB37C218D6D19EB98E791A4205997A8.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/b87481644cfe4e87a49e4badf86d4c45/470E2EC7CD206691393A911823FAA966.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>你认为贫血的人体内有可能缺乏的无机盐是( )<br>A.镁 B.锌 C.铁 D.钙<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/4edd61fcc5f2491d842e542154c8dcc9/B01B9AD1709CC523F9D63862305777A8.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/24d01e3bcb3c46c3b8f5c5e189a323c4/907DB4BB7BAF28F53B12517093670F5C.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：容易<br>人体内最大的消化腺是( )<br>A.唾液腺 B.胰腺 C.胃腺 D.肝脏<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2013/04e0131de19a4ce4b5a8d7c017c10bba/B4A95E0049EF7D88C3ABD6FDD51A35AE.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2013/ac259d25805848c3b8c17cf7858024e3/9CB5D0EFEB747752A16B297DC2EC2949.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>位于消化道外,有导管的消化腺是( )<br>A.唾液腺、肝脏、胰腺 B.肠腺、胰腺、胃腺<br>C.唾液腺、胃腺、肝脏 D.肝脏、胰腺、肠腺<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/9209f738eeff4ddd8f9ca48ad88b7e36/5EB37C218D6D19EB98E791A4205997A8.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/94cbbe4a341c40aaa73969e42dff7bb4/6499BEFFED86C56372D5D4B45A191653.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>酶的化学成分是( )<br>A.糖类 B.蛋白质 C.脂类 D.核酸<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/e479220c74a045b8a2ce9000436de7c0/CFD11B39D2C70E3BAFF53A76B86BA12A.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/7b5f95e8b25244dd82dc253685a60785/B8DAD7DAD3FCCA669B9ED582D9EBACFF.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>下列各图中,横轴表示酶的反应条件,纵轴表示酶的催化效率,能正确反映温度或pH与绝大多数酶的催化效率的关系是( )<imgA.甲和乙 B.丙和丁 C.都是丁 D.都是甲<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/aedd280ed5744a48a2b7ce9f1a2424d3/B4A95E0049EF7D88C3ABD6FDD51A35AE.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/8318fc7e41fd421f9647dcfe08a7b980/68926FBDC2B6E0F04D31A18DA231EF6D.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>图中能正确表示酶与温度关系的坐标图( )<br>A.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/11/16/CFE16D439C1E896A06986CDBCCD224CD.png"><br>B.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/11/16/A6D0AD07D87C5311639F1B8438D3E9CA.png"><br>C.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/11/16/E42695977D7598D1BD57F9E11E6BB474.png"><br>D.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/11/16/6221E74A3B209C34CFF80F35D201D028.png"><br><br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/8d1afb53ac6a4fc09824b098bca92765/B01B9AD1709CC523F9D63862305777A8.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/60ed6cfc53b1424fbef47dfbb35454c9/93E5E675F37CE4BDD2D66EA15D4AE6FF.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>人体内与呼吸有关的主要肌肉是( )<br>A.胸部肌肉 B.腹部肌肉<br>C.肋骨间的肌肉和膈肌 D.背部肌肉<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2019/de865cc3b1ed49e4bf6f05a3b8c56235/B01B9AD1709CC523F9D63862305777A8.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2019/5f0fb34732804a4eb0b4c622c69b31a4/82C6B5DE32AFF2886C77A03AD067B107.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：容易<br>当我们呼气时,肋间肌、膈肌的活动状态是( )<br>A.收缩、舒张 B.舒张、收缩 C.收缩、收缩 D.舒张、舒张<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2014/d4c2dc33018042fd89d9598acaf53b17/B4A95E0049EF7D88C3ABD6FDD51A35AE.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2014/36a60991a26e44d088491b995b6c7a42/757496AFB1D3A9D29B7599D1BE945172.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>当我们进行体育活动时,呼吸活动会( )<br>A.呼吸比较深,呼吸频率不变<br>B.呼吸比较浅、呼吸频率增加<br>C.呼吸深度和呼吸频率都会加强<br>D.呼吸深度和呼吸频率都不会增加<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/6088487bee224375b3f10fd893888347/B01B9AD1709CC523F9D63862305777A8.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/372152adc93342f48b1e94c0426f1a16/1901100E483BC58278D542C8636FE599.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>如图是某人在一次平静呼吸过程中肺内气压的变化曲线.曲线BC段的变化说明膈肌的舒缩状态及呼吸过程分别是( )<imgA.膈肌收缩、吸气 B.膈肌舒张、吸气<br>C.膈肌舒张、呼气 D.膈肌收缩、呼气<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/81ad11e059114722891f14a9366ebed7/B01B9AD1709CC523F9D63862305777A8.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/b4824b9ab19d45e0bd80cddeb1d31b40/0BB1D542F94255D38E62AA322C4E15E5.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：较易<br>某夫妇被怀疑害死一女婴。法医在鉴定时,将死婴的肺部剪下一块,投入水中,结果肺块下沉,法医判断婴儿为产前死亡,这对夫妇无罪。法医判断的理由是( )<br>A.肺泡内充满了痰液 B.肺会吸水,呈海绵状<br>C.肺泡内充满了血液 D.肺未吸入空气,呈实体状<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2013/7ecf41cd0e724603afaa07259f6f457f/B4A95E0049EF7D88C3ABD6FDD51A35AE.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2013/828203e35cf74b0aa96b731daa18601a/67ADEDB8F63D719AC2939796A6686063.png"><br><br>※题型：连线题※知识点：连线题※试题难度：中等<br>连线题:<br><tbody><br>钙<br>佝偻病(鸡胸、<br>X<br>形或<br>O<br>形腿)<br>铁<br>生长发育不良、<br>味沉发生<br>障碍<br>碘<br>地方性甲状腺肿、儿童的智力和体格发育出现障碍<br>锌<br>缺铁性贫血(乏力、头晕)<br>维生素<br>A<br>皮肤干燥,夜盲症,干眼症<br>维生素<br><img<br>佝偻病、骨质疏松症<br>维生素<br>C<br>坏血病,抵抗力下降、牙龈出血<br>维生素<br>D<br>神经炎,脚气病,消化不良,食欲不振<br></tbody><br><br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/eb8c0009cecc48a0b72c9d78c8652090/315050D460E01E70937FF47DBD3FC174.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/89655650a57e4404964f888a59fae4c2/B2FDAED407CEEBBD0F69409CE5ECD1B9.png"><br><br>※题型：判断题※知识点：判断题※试题难度：中等<br>受精的场所是子宫。( )<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/b727253570db4fb3aad5df4f59756bb1/95015F546A793C2185920069B95E958D.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/1cd7d414837c41a2a9ae5739386c9559/7801BAAA3DE4C63233AE3C306EFDF482.png"><br><br>※题型：判断题※知识点：判断题※试题难度：中等<br>青春期的主要特征是身高突增,神经系统以及心脏和肺等器官功能也明显增强。( )<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/b320e88d8f8548b08e5f4cdb66911f5f/30DD843CDB3BA56B099358167285AE0A.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/05bf28f5419642148e8c63faccb19f55/76629D2BD96A2A75F5DD157751108EFB.png"><br><br>※题型：判断题※知识点：判断题※试题难度：中等<br>维生素既不为身体提供能量,也不构成细胞组成。( )<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/49adaf1824f04953b1866b9bda8b44e6/30DD843CDB3BA56B099358167285AE0A.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/470f8e22b48543c0bef16469c0311d68/9073D41CCE9C1765B29963214D2F02AA.png"><br><br>※题型：判断题※知识点：判断题※试题难度：中等<br>淀粉从口腔开始消化,脂肪从胃开始消化。( )<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/1d6d1ab353de4cc3a7640c581ae99ea8/95015F546A793C2185920069B95E958D.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/b695535012634d9c89d7101da73378fd/A3B3CF68B97E7FCD3F4A3F723932E7DF.png"><br><br>※题型：判断题※知识点：判断题※试题难度：中等<br>糖类是人体最主要的能源物质。( )<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/88cd5d7c53cc4f9f870391393cbbc671/30DD843CDB3BA56B099358167285AE0A.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/6867a2a4e0b641958160dc770a71e47d/10050AEA2F309A9FEAB736DD95A271CF.png"><br><br>※题型：填空题※知识点：填空题※试题难度：中等<br>探究实验的步骤:<br>、作出假设、制定计划、实施计划、得出结论、表达交流<br><br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/f5b95afa378b454eade7ca3749d7e853/3DBC6AA9F000B50C006441F1C8668B1D.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/5b9f43fefd124d2aa6d368b7bf12ed8f/470A806E6D99F57B047C7AB9AE292138.png"><br><br>※题型：填空题※知识点：填空题※试题难度：中等<br>六大营养物质分别是<br>、<br>、<br>水、无机盐和<br>.<br><br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/1d11ec6e86e445148e6d8d6b718c246e/5769B91CAEBBE10D020F2950F85EB314.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/381c6ff3a9ec4dcd8426a40dd21be17e/8FDCF39B75D4CBCE985C08B81A793681.png"><br><br>※题型：填空题※知识点：填空题※试题难度：中等<br>组成细胞的主要有机物是______、______、______.<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/c404c68630ba4b8d8cdad995a6cd346f/1C2FBA44A1F885BF804FB5DA005C881D.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/8da646c4c3b7478bb3abc8e287bd5376/AE7044A6DC287B648B7E5B125C3724D4.png"><br><br>※题型：填空题※知识点：填空题※试题难度：较易<br>是人体吸收营养物质的主要器官。<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2015/c604856a292841ff8c44d0939e720ea2/B774C03E83AA75D465F564B94CBEDB39.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2015/7e48c84bde544d75889bcdad4d2cc85c/A64511D7406C53900723CEDD4A719067.png"><br><br>※题型：填空题※知识点：填空题※试题难度：中等<br>空气中的氧气透过<br>__<br>______<br>__<br>和<br>__<br>______<br>__<br>进入血液,同时血液中的二氧化碳也通过这些进入<br>__<br>______<br>__<br>,然后随着呼气的过程排出体外.<br><br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/6ced7d8749b445e5b6e2c4084f55789e/D0582309EAE81964AA5826EC1E8FECFD.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/b0de8d59eb4e40d382bb7b5530e2d03a/8782DAE8EB61046F8C0E54380EBDB07D.png"><br><br>※题型：填空题※知识点：填空题※试题难度：中等<br>呼吸系统的主要器官是__________.<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/895449f2f5274adc8488a41096814c6f/7BA9896068B2A61A1BBA3BE0165E8951.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/fc7ff194bb3b468facb8faf3857b0919/6E942E2BD371EECBFE773110A3D4FA91.png"><br><br>※题型：填空题※知识点：填空题※试题难度：中等<br>____________<br>不含消化酶,对脂肪起乳化作用。<br><br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/c2e18eb3ea2d4580b7918449cb9557ad/1C3FD2B75D5C965E64FDAB89672D9132.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/5c83a7d71ef94509b40b2d26fa3ef7dc/018E42A3C84F1C235AE3F3AFC3E7252F.png"><br><br>※题型：实验题※知识点：实验题※试题难度：中等<br>为了研究唾液淀粉酶的催化作用会受哪些因素的影响,某实验小组做了如下实验.分析后回答问题:<br><tbody><br>试管编号<br>加入物质<br>温度<br>PH<br>值<br>滴加碘液后颜色变化<br>2mL<br>淀粉糊,<br>2mL<br>蒸馏水<br>℃<br>变蓝色<br>2mL<br>淀粉糊,<br>2mL<br>唾液<br>℃<br>不变色<br>2mL<br>淀粉糊,<br>2mL<br>唾液<br>℃<br>变蓝色<br>2mL<br>淀粉糊,<br>2mL<br>唾液<br>℃<br>1.8<br>变蓝色<br></tbody><br>1.试管1和2比较,说明:__________.<br>2.试管2和3比较,说明:__________.<br>3.试管__________和____________比较,说明唾液淀粉酶的催化作用要受pH值的影响.4.试管2滴加碘液后不变色的原因是:__________.<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/8cd78462a8994cef9aa19514a19a0281/61717918B05E9B7A451D4109BDC7C650.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/3e5a68ae0f5a425caad2caf231367004/5EA3F7115C48C38D38DE9B4A74A9F45D.png"><br><br>※题型：填空题※知识点：填空题※试题难度：中等<br>图示女性生殖器官,并表示受精、受精卵发育和埋入子宫内膜的过程.<br><img1.女性的主要性器官是____________________,原因是__________;<br>2.女性的主要性器官是____________________,原因是__________;<br>3.男性性器官产生的i和g在____________________处相遇受精完成;受精卵f分裂后形成的胚泡慢慢移动到子宫中,最后植入____________________.<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/1f11a4bb10b141d8b712f97008a481fe/3A9000F1DE1DBB563FA0AA70CA2D1984.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/27985d2f176c4714bb053c4747028c63/21DAFB3EEA3192DC72C90B1AB4B20406.png"><br><br>
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