2020-2021学年人教版生物七年级上册重难考点培优训练（2）练习使用显微镜
※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>如图是显微镜的部分结构示意图。图中有放大作用的是( )<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/10/13/68A637B4A816ED4357B1A9C0077F2B6E.png"><br>A.①和② B.③和④ C.①和③ D.②和④<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/bfc67ed918114b809e901b5021d7256e/06CA09E70C17EF8BA2D3B8C70D693953.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/8e195f14e3084a5ea24dcff7d8c0d252/804338324AA5DF827D94539AE78F5624.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>如图是显微镜结构图,下列叙述正确的是( )<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/10/9/C03A858986BE6CC9FE599575E9FBDCB7.png"><br>A.光线暗时须用⑦的平面镜对光<br>B.使用②转换不同倍数的物镜<br>C.转动⑥可使物像变得清晰<br>D.能放大物像的结构是③④<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/3097c48778ba422788632501ebeadf8e/06CA09E70C17EF8BA2D3B8C70D693953.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/6ae6aab280ba4a1eb8651c4b8e96b3a2/31285A0DFA4B855B0341C98E3783CECB.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>在用显微镜观察时,如果调换目镜和移动装片,都未将视野内的污点移走,则可以断定污点在( )<br>A.目镜 B.玻片标本 C.物镜 D.反光镜<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/7fba365fb0684d7987546cdaf858f910/06CA09E70C17EF8BA2D3B8C70D693953.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/b2aae348a5c146ceb0f8da45a78cf80b/E940BD81CA85C4633A4655979F767DA1.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>如图是用显微镜观察气孔时的两个视野,要把视野中的物像从甲图转为乙图,下列实验操作的选择和排序,正确的是( )<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/9/3/3009ECE2F17DD749117E527E3AB689DE.png"><br>①转动细准焦螺旋②转动粗准焦螺旋③转动遮光器,换大光圈④转动遮光器,换小光圈⑤向下方移动装片⑥向上方移动装片⑦转动转换器,换高倍物镜⑧转动转换器,换低倍物镜A.⑤→⑦一③→① B.⑧→⑤→②→④<br>C.⑦→⑥→①→③ D.⑥→⑧→④→②<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/f3cd407933834bc3b70f326b229e8814/E7F0EDF83F40244C8F0C84B97471AED6.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/7a8c62740fd54e119c00b79c92510a8f/3DE2541D51F787639B2EB5E656DF6611.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：较易<br>下列操作与显微镜对光过程无关的是( )<br>A.调节反光镜使视野变明亮<br>B.转动转换器使低倍物镜对准通光孔<br>C.将载玻片放到载物台上<br>D.转动遮光器使较大光圈对准通光孔<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/e5b45eb8277b46be8023eb4f6cb1eebf/06CA09E70C17EF8BA2D3B8C70D693953.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/8bb901d84df241918ab148476bed94f3/630F9F3B3C6581B9F0744E4ED5685D35.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>下面是某同学用显微镜观察玻片标本时进行的部分操作,其中错误的是( )<br>A.对光时,选较大的光圈对准通光孔,使光线能进入物镜内<br>B.观察过程中,转动粗准焦螺旋下降镜筒时,眼要注视物镜<br>C.若在低倍物镜下找不到物像,就不能换高倍物镜继续观察<br>D.根据观察的物像绘图以后,若发现不够美观,可随意修改<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/5ee600c5533a492e8d7aa5ce999338b3/01A39E48B8A67989A23F6887F26FCC64.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/4b2e33b43e2a4eb88d6c243eca68202d/7E76DF91503177426121FD9EF57F4069.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>下面为光学显微镜的一组镜头,在观察洋葱表皮细胞时,要使视野内看到的细胞数目尽可能地多,镜头的组合应为( )<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/10/19/FD1CC028468751BE1B77F6A47151EEBD.png"><br>A.①和③ B.①和④ C.②和③ D.②和④<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/8bad9b4441b3409eb429ce64420a1f63/76900E09FAB5EBA344B8EA84E844FF07.png"><br>解析<br>略<br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>某同学在一个视野中看到一行细胞如图,此时显微镜的镜头是“10×”和“10×”,如果将镜头换成“10×”和“20×”,那么在一个视野中可以看到的细胞数目是( )<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/8/12/EF4A8AFA548C2F40C3F86794ADE5F0EA.png"><br>A.1个 B.2个 C.4个 D.8个<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/7d15d123f3484d05bb92087434025d20/06CA09E70C17EF8BA2D3B8C70D693953.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/09303be1ccb44f448a835f13478ea1cf/1950B0215B9D05CE485B7088393A8675.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>如图,用显微镜观察“人体口腔上皮细胞”临时装片,在不同的放大倍数下,观察到甲、乙视野。下列描述正确的是( )<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/8/12/B30FD17921A68EE8928E4316099D418D.png"><br>A.图中显微镜的最大放大倍数为56倍<br>B.要由甲视野到乙视野,首先应将装片向左移动<br>C.甲视野的放大倍数比乙大<br>D.外界光线弱时,使用较小光圈和平面镜<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/e9085d23745c4ad68addff649a4d2a23/76900E09FAB5EBA344B8EA84E844FF07.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/294bd3ead29f4dd59f2a2749f400171b/29D33FA13ED0EDEE64A069758C3627AB.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>显微镜是生物学研究中常用的工具,如果在目镜视野中看到的图象是“q”,那么实际的图案应为( )<br>A.“p” B.“b” C.“d” D.“q”<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/84743ecc0a1a4999bea546b24475a9bb/76900E09FAB5EBA344B8EA84E844FF07.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/45e3688d53374ef5ac78264fb6cbee26/731D4158D8FCB0C266CC946462C61AB5.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>要将显微镜视野中“右下方”的物像移动到视野的“中央”,应将玻片( )<br>A.向左上方移动 B.向左下方移动<br>C.向右下方移动 D.向右上方移动<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/93be57c5259d42029c1653d0307e6e7b/06CA09E70C17EF8BA2D3B8C70D693953.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/186c04828fff4153ad47fb6c523cab74/1A59674705B77353BDD1F683582BFEC0.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>如图是同一显微镜观察同一植物组织标本4次得到的图像,下列推测正确的是( )<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/8/27/5EC97827C71CEDD462610B7CDE7B11F5.png"><br>A.图像③的标本距物镜最近<br>B.图像①的标本视野范围最大<br>C.图像④的标本视野亮度最暗<br>D.图像②的标本距物镜最远<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/9e41efbf9dcd454b90b762fef33dce4f/E7F0EDF83F40244C8F0C84B97471AED6.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/9520735d57444f44ae561445d79472ac/2FD6F2B1A924408062B1F5B8AAFFA4DC.png"><br><br>
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