甘肃省白银市靖远县2018-2019学年八年级下学期期中生物试卷
※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>昆虫的生殖和发育方式是( )<br>A.体外受精、体内发育 B.体内受精、体内发育<br>C.体外受精、体外发育 D.体内受精、体外发育<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/9d24040254af4b3ab2cb5271d6c6e034/01A39E48B8A67989A23F6887F26FCC64.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/134876e7363c46efa021cb6aa1f6e86b/A6DB79426E18D4AD16D37E8879101BA4.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>假如用大写英文字母表示显性基因,用小写英文字母表示隐性基因,下列基因中,能够显示隐性性状的是( )<br>A.DD B.Dd C.aa D.Aa<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/332a1e0cecea4b949c484252524a6fdb/06CA09E70C17EF8BA2D3B8C70D693953.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/ca3e4e972bc94c85b59bb62eb67a6175/0A1ABD58AFFF2DBB43472DAB59FA5932.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>辛弃疾的词句“稻花香里说丰年,听取蛙声一片”指的是( )<br>A.雄性青蛙的鸣叫 B.雌性青蛙的鸣叫<br>C.雌蛙和雄蛙的鸣叫 D.蝌蚪的鸣声<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/f4b4ca1f660340c5bd712a9b5c5047fd/E7F0EDF83F40244C8F0C84B97471AED6.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/d713b030752b49b481551f08ff3a601e/8E4B9F74C79D35A9421AE80D65170827.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>蜜蜂的发育过程是( )<br>A.受精卵→若虫→成虫<br>B.受精卵→幼虫→成虫→蛹<br>C.受精卵→幼虫→蛹→成虫<br>D.蛹→受精卵→幼虫→成虫<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/ddd2073cdabf4962b3ddaf4ac25be64a/06CA09E70C17EF8BA2D3B8C70D693953.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/ac2b55606f764682b7ba119c3d3305a9/17EABD953786F6F10307CEDBE0DA22E1.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>一对夫妇为单眼皮,丈夫的父母均为双眼皮。这对夫妇经手术后均明显地变为双眼皮,则他们所生的孩子眼睛应是( )<br>A.双眼皮 B.单眼皮<br>C.眼皮介于单双之间 D.不能确定<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/d2341b77ad214880a73852e90b381c4d/76900E09FAB5EBA344B8EA84E844FF07.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/084dca231f294f0d9787346032538cc2/173C0EE748F932491373F77314E3536D.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>下列哪一种肤色不能遗传给后代( )<br>A.黑种人的肤色 B.白种人的肤色<br>C.混血人的肤色 D.晒黑的肤色<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/e3a0d170ea4d4320aa88153340fab04c/01A39E48B8A67989A23F6887F26FCC64.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/16ae42412c7342bc9f4ade3e9f12a512/EACADA17B812F1B2AC4402061D6FEF2F.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>俗话说“龙生龙,凤生凤,老鼠生儿会打洞”,这说明了生物的( )<br>A.进化现象 B.适应现象 C.遗传现象 D.变异现象<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/a2b954737ce94538b42a09a3d005cc16/06CA09E70C17EF8BA2D3B8C70D693953.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/8155a0f8ba744af4a041a4118ee9efd3/57BECD23A2F344BF47AF3BD9E30DEE24.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>白化病是由隐性致病基因控制的一种遗传病。一对正常的夫妇生下一个白化病的儿子,这对夫妇的基因组成是( )<br>A.AA和Aa B.Aa和AA C.Aa和Aa D.aa和aa<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/6f24247e44a0491e9c8dc7422f7f76d6/06CA09E70C17EF8BA2D3B8C70D693953.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/20c1195f88c64650bb1850e2474d60e8/3E97B13C67770502A3EA3BDC6D8F1773.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>下列属于遗传病的是( )<br>A.血友病、贫血、侏儒症<br>B.色盲、龋齿病、坏血病<br>C.白化病、血友病、色盲<br>D.坏血病、气管炎、佝偻病<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/3f2ceb3239364149869d3449893b2be2/06CA09E70C17EF8BA2D3B8C70D693953.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/3be3887dbf66486ca954013e00a7ecd4/598904DA17922E974294EED749E2B8CF.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>下列关于染色体、DNA、基因三者之间的关系中正确的是( )<br>A.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/10/22/E4B8AE5CCBD003187B8842CCF35E08E3.png"><br>B.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/10/22/099BFDA6E9C7B8E8CAE473FE25373883.png"><br>C.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/10/22/CAD6FB79C8AFE3F39C45DB837BF78931.png"><br>D.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/10/22/F8E8AB534C14D206D38AF51D3247D4E7.png"><br><br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/d637fe94aadb47919c0d1ce97e3243fa/76900E09FAB5EBA344B8EA84E844FF07.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/b40f7b10070a47a882e1c31402e1e321/D155F94EBCFF9396A85CD18F6947D401.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>下列属于完全变态发育的是( )<br>A.蟑螂 B.蜜蜂 C.蝗虫 D.蝼蛄<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/5e5f1c0cc8354bd1bd4c787b5694ba22/76900E09FAB5EBA344B8EA84E844FF07.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/fbc5877e6c7b4d848f31e8c6057190c5/E85D8464EC7DE4AFB8E59D445F7FA800.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>下列不属于无性繁殖的是( )<br>A.水螅的出芽生殖<br>B.利用植物的组织培养技术培育小麦、水稻<br>C.依靠植物的根、茎、叶生殖新个体<br>D.利用植物的开花结果生殖新个体<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/86b0af1849d240d3aae6b8f1ce2b9a79/01A39E48B8A67989A23F6887F26FCC64.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/61c558355e35461494610260a029068b/D4DFCFE89B864499E8D0558E4D5AD634.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>下列人的各种特征中,不属于相对性状的一组是( )<br>A.高个子和矮个子 B.能卷舌和不能卷舌<br>C.有耳垂和无耳垂 D.单眼皮和大眼睛<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/4795678ed50241e5929944d82aa2b334/01A39E48B8A67989A23F6887F26FCC64.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/6e9a0b60e82a469cb10ee9995c52a83c/FAE092AA35699859CE518728C106F891.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>繁殖优良品种的果树,为了保持这些品种的优良性状,在下列繁殖方法中,最好不用( )<br>A.种子 B.扦插 C.压条 D.嫁接<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/7d09283928df4da8b9886d4d5743998f/E7F0EDF83F40244C8F0C84B97471AED6.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/24fa823a0eea4838b981ff4485a420d0/EA52510128488849FD77DBA960FE014D.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>假如亲代都有耳垂(Dd),则子代出现的性状可能是( )<br>A.一定有耳垂 B.一定无耳垂 C.多数有耳垂 D.多数无耳垂<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/7a7c62c427dc4b9eae00f98ff8552c24/06CA09E70C17EF8BA2D3B8C70D693953.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/c4cff822ba4f4279866ae550eb983618/1214968FCC180261CBE1A0C8182E648A.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>人的卵细胞、受精卵、体细胞中染色体数目分别是( )<br>A.23条,46对,46条 B.23条,46对,46对<br>C.23条,23对,23对 D.23对,46条,46条<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/b69a57377d1e4587ad1e1a58cee489d3/06CA09E70C17EF8BA2D3B8C70D693953.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/8d28fb7613094fc4827523985d56ba31/EAD67B35CF86B1E9CBEDD62707E2190B.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>生物的遗传信息中心是( )<br>A.细胞膜 B.细胞质 C.细胞核 D.细胞壁<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/6d21c77b3d2043f9b4faaa1f5e0307ad/06CA09E70C17EF8BA2D3B8C70D693953.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/b4eacf3155d944b4be4197d7384f404c/F921108A5BF9A347B38580318FF27619.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>植物园引进了一种稀有名贵花卉,技术人员想在短时间内将其大量繁殖,比较理想的方法是( )<br>A.有性生殖 B.组织培养 C.扦插 D.嫁接<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/f802f5dffe944166af48dd77e3596236/76900E09FAB5EBA344B8EA84E844FF07.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/bb89c7d87d2c4057bc09ec11fc5f5b76/0739DC459175916D2CB4491B16C6593D.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>蝌蚪发育成青蛙的过程中,先后出现呼吸器官的顺序是( )<br>A.外鳃→内鳃→肺 B.内鳃→外鳃→肺<br>C.肺→外鳃→内鳃 D.内鳃→肺→外鳃<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/4cd581bfd10a4cac9372a97061d6ae7f/E7F0EDF83F40244C8F0C84B97471AED6.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/6bf326fad15a471d952cf0ccae90dfbf/8098535B939DA9706B0F4069E920B1E4.png"><br><br>※题型：填空题※知识点：填空题※试题难度：中等<br>染色体由<br>和<br>组成。其中<br>是双螺旋结构。<br><br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/ee4915db351b48a9a226e7e6a982c2d2/DE78D59E8C67674DF620730919CE1768.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/418480953fe74e83b29e419b16e9d6af/D8ECF9683708F754ABFD17CA540C3414.png"><br><br>※题型：填空题※知识点：填空题※试题难度：中等<br>遗传病一般是由<br>发生改变而引起的,或者是由<br>所控制的疾病。<br><br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/f9c087c16d3044d5bc63bbaa69041496/FF8B5034C6BB00F37EAB3D725D199B68.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/4000c251c5d942ca91b24d8e184cd98c/55AE2605A9225629B05E434D0ABE8DCD.png"><br><br>※题型：填空题※知识点：填空题※试题难度：中等<br>依据引起变异的原因来分,变异可分为<br>和<br><br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/70b98162dff244edafa353753f15fb1b/0B7A81FADCD1F7775B7BD82225EFE2CD.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/0eeb0d3feeae4fc0a8fb9ad3994c5145/7FEBC8874DD97FE20C9B4FC45C1D165B.png"><br><br>※题型：读图填空题※知识点：读图填空题※试题难度：中等<br>菜粉蝶是一种危害蔬菜的害虫,下列是它发育过程中四个时期的形态图。<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/10/22/95D95480948562E85E1913198EFADAD5.png"><br>1.菜粉蝶的发育顺序是→→→,它的发育过程属于发育。<br>2.与菜粉蝶相比,蝗虫不经过的发育时期是。<br>3.针对菜粉蝶的发育过程,你认为消灭菜粉蝶的最佳时期是。<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/faf7093e2df3469f93622a3fc67a63a7/0D696C3A08E69EE44039E70B8BFB1CA8.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/57aacc2b035c4016a821dc895b894dd6/D57082870B1FB97412EAE11A9B14BBED.png"><br><br>※题型：连线题※知识点：连线题※试题难度：中等<br>请将下列植物名称与相应的果实或种子的传播方式连接起来<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/10/22/779D52392899FCBEC1FE278414E74578.png"><br><br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/90a69fcf97ff4e6282e0d51ee2171e21/F21F01FCF4EB01D028AEB227734636EF.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/497f2f70953742c5ba950ac12f1eb477/85896DB50F427A0793676D5AFF4BB7FD.png"><br><br>※题型：连线题※知识点：连线题※试题难度：中等<br>将桃花的各部分结构与其发育成果实的对应内容用直线连接起来<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/10/22/1B821C0B17610BB8E2A15B524E7400F6.png"><br><br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/7c9ceac5a5bd44dfb911268c992ef87c/57355144FA4B6FB72D0206787D56562A.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/b9dd0c5a77724c6da70bb8f5f165e185/20C4F7DB5BF0566723909463025542FC.png"><br><br>※题型：读图填空题※知识点：读图填空题※试题难度：中等<br>如图观察鸡受精卵的结构,鸡卵卵黄上的小白点是胚盘将来发育成<br>,位于<br>钝<br>端的气室为胚盘提供<br>,鸡卵产出后,要使胚胎继续发育,必需的环境条件是<br>A<br>.<br>适宜的温度 <br>B<br>.<br>充足的养料 <br>C<br>.<br>一定的水分 <br>D<br>.<br>雌鸽孵卵<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/10/22/1CFF77EC002389A9C813E365BB7F18FB.png"><br><br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/447dfc8062f7479a9799b1b450483d8f/F3A01B989DB4B1604018D67C296B6690.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/d742533044364e82beeff0ab198bf4b2/C18DDB3ACA866664801DA2F7F98404CB.png"><br><br>※题型：读图填空题※知识点：读图填空题※试题难度：中等<br>完成下列遗传图解,并据图回答问题<br>:<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/10/22/6B6DDF2B4D860B67E3A8A929A32F426D.png"><br>1.人性别是由染色体上的基因决定的,在人体细胞中有一对与决定性别有关的叫。<br>2.由图可知生男生女取决于种类的不同。<br>3.小明是个男孩,如果他父母再生第二个孩子,一定是妹妹吗?为什么?<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/1b8e9fed91224503971c936ae2a47854/10D7A59F5FDE61C6FFE8F3D4B26BCD95.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/e766d0e8718943e6b49322ffe5f3ec2f/6DF1F59D90BC38665CB3597250C4AA41.png"><br><br>
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