黑龙江省大庆市龙凤区2019-2020学年八年级上学期期中生物试卷
※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>下列不属于软体动物的是( )<br>A.河蚌 B.蜗牛 C.章鱼 D.蛇<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/71dca1e846e14ab9975ba6215c53109e/01A39E48B8A67989A23F6887F26FCC64.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/1b30360b29654025be7cbeaee461e3f9/E94893C63229B078317FB4B9B5085BF4.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>日本血吸虫中间寄主是( )<br>A.人 B.猪 C.钉螺 D.三者都可以<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/f77fd66d97bf4cba86dc0f1c10d16fd0/06CA09E70C17EF8BA2D3B8C70D693953.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/8d3c2673b27f4ca88a21c8222ef3c93f/C1DCFA40C56D12E6E7FB416EA3C8E2B4.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>下列各种名称含有“鱼”的生物中,真正属于鱼类的是( )<br>A.鲸鱼 B.章鱼 C.鳄鱼 D.鲤鱼<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/39c3caf8ede94dbf8c3ec9b5e2a315a2/01A39E48B8A67989A23F6887F26FCC64.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/02bd443bc3fb4f508947d98d4f5ba065/9740E6AE0088B92AA343DA47E2E17CEB.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>草鱼是一种味美可口的淡水鱼。下列有关草鱼的特征中,属于鱼类主要特征的是( )<br>A.身体呈长梭形 B.身体内有鳔<br>C.体内有脊柱 D.有鳍,用鳃呼吸<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/245894d0f0114d678aba700f894a6bb8/01A39E48B8A67989A23F6887F26FCC64.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/994664e900e7450696dc56554302be26/2731B46CA38A4B17C22E1BD00312D51D.png"><br><br>※题型：多选题※知识点：多选题※试题难度：中等<br>蝗虫适于陆地生活的形态结构特点是( )<br>A.用气管呼吸<br>B.胸部有三对足,两对翅<br>C.有外骨骼,防止水份蒸发<br>D.身体分为头、胸、腹三部分<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/c76a25200b2b4fe9b63652a9521fb25b/8CCA36A4470B066B8C7A5F2CCE7D9437.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/878f9084e17c496e9ad9e73857b25fdb/5047612B3E610A5DFEAF14DFB23A32E3.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>下列动物中,都属于节肢动物的是( )<br>A.螃蟹、苍蝇 B.蚯蚓、蜘蛛<br>C.乌贼、金龟子 D.钉螺、水蛭<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/158c995011a049f7a12a226df779a663/E7F0EDF83F40244C8F0C84B97471AED6.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/785c1c5f5bda4a05848d5a49e79e926a/1C33CD995F919175AAC47ECE3302B4AF.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>真正成为陆生脊椎动物的是( )<br>A.鱼类<br>B.两栖类<br>C.爬行类<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/ef5d35f68aa94e10ac10ac81f34dfea2/06CA09E70C17EF8BA2D3B8C70D693953.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/e6790b517c184e0c927edab97cceb80c/3973EC5A0947181B1F1BD994706F78FA.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>依据体内有无脊柱的特征,下列动物归类正确的一组是( )<br>A.海马、斑马 B.蜜蜂、蜂鸟 C.鱿鱼、鲤鱼 D.青蛙、蜻蜓<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/cc6d575bd5ea490184c90c4e61b87e01/E7F0EDF83F40244C8F0C84B97471AED6.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/30b449e334274effbc935372a8f1883d/CA155CBAECCB3CEC5F37272015A04ED3.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>下列不属于防御行为的一项是( )<br>A.蝗虫的体色与周围环境颜色十分相似<br>B.乌贼遇到天敌难以脱身时释放墨汁<br>C.家燕在屋檐下筑巢<br>D.野兔发现鹰在空中盘旋时,立即跑回洞穴<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/799d1e5652bb4187af580394ca60db9f/06CA09E70C17EF8BA2D3B8C70D693953.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/3924b4a2f8534865b6130eb0abebc886/27EB0B2C4103E49F81D4E752E5D942E6.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>下列连线能正确表示生物及其进行气体交换的器官的一项是( )<br>①河蚌﹣鳃②蝗虫﹣气门③鲫鱼﹣鳃④青蛙﹣肺⑤蛇﹣肺A.①②③ B.②③④ C.①③④⑤ D.②③④⑤<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/22e09897d28e4b15a6690540ff259656/06CA09E70C17EF8BA2D3B8C70D693953.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/a62fa20bc6884efc9c1b6c8ec90d968e/223CE0BD8785F877C2EAFD28D41310A2.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>青蛙被称为“两栖动物”的原因是( )<br>A.幼体生活在水中,成体只能生活在陆地上<br>B.在水中生殖,在陆地上发育<br>C.幼体生活在水中,用鳃呼吸:成体既能生活在潮湿的陆地上,也能生活在水中,主要用肺呼吸<br>D.青蛙既能生活在水中,也能生活在陆地上<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/de38dbd1af5d40e79ff72a49c9dc0e1d/06CA09E70C17EF8BA2D3B8C70D693953.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/234d507412fc4f879ed726fa041cf056/EB174A089AFCB937AF5A38EDC2F8B5E2.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>下列关于鸟类的叙述,错误的是( )<br>A.所有的鸟类都能够飞行<br>B.鸟类发达的胸肌牵动两翼完成飞行运动<br>C.吸气和呼气都能在肺内进行气体交换<br>D.由于鸟类的体温恒定,从而扩大了鸟类的分布范围<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/1877f79a856e48bdb5b5329b028ce430/E7F0EDF83F40244C8F0C84B97471AED6.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/e7eac253312a4f1f8e2826fd6d9c66da/821DAC1DCE284E869C7AB5DC22767583.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>人体完成一个动作不仅依靠运动系统,还需要神经系统的调节。完成一个动作的正常生理活动顺序是( )<br>①骨骼肌收缩②肌肉附着的骨受到牵拉产生动作③骨骼肌接受神经传来的兴奋A.③①② B.②③① C.①②③ D.②①③<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/42ac6512ae164c41b2da52827873a41e/E7F0EDF83F40244C8F0C84B97471AED6.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/5ac31a132da44933b01d756e11488ceb/5525DFC76B5ECFCA406B946545436E29.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>胎生相对于其他生殖方式的优势在于( )<br>A.提高了后代的成活率 B.使后代的数量大大增加<br>C.增强了后代的体质 D.减轻母体的负担<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/ca348c58ae4349b297c151613f563a0e/E7F0EDF83F40244C8F0C84B97471AED6.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/6bd1e77ef457474093ae23219bf30985/9D751AD8C3DBC547D11920C9B7936EFE.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>与动物运动关系最为密切的两个系统是( )<br>A.运动系统和神经系统 B.运动系统和呼吸系统<br>C.呼吸系统和循环系统 D.呼吸系统和神经系统<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/7c9ad0ebe4e3486785de7d59a3111d41/E7F0EDF83F40244C8F0C84B97471AED6.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/bca1d8271ba74aa5a8a93897231a7aff/CFB4307FA33184892D907A9B4AD49B6C.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>用性引诱剂诱杀农业害虫是利用( )<br>A.昆虫之间的通讯 B.昆虫的取食行为<br>C.昆虫的学习行为 D.昆虫的迁徙行为<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/2e5fcd61eeee4ea1a92fb18de9530377/E7F0EDF83F40244C8F0C84B97471AED6.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/7989131424044b95a8487f673d537b18/10127C3AD0F55F9D59E365E16FA681B5.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>有人狂笑时用力过猛,使上下颌不能合拢,这是由于( )<br>A.关节软骨发生病变 B.关节头从关节窝中脱出<br>C.关节腔内可能有积液 D.关节头从关节囊中脱出<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/0b81c6abf86b44b48b5e0b81e28f941a/76900E09FAB5EBA344B8EA84E844FF07.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/698534613f4e462781a687ffd37961c0/DC32E0415B3C6D5FE835009279479538.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>下列关于动物的生活环境及获取食物方式的叙述中,正确的是( )<br>A.珊瑚虫等腔肠动物生活在水中,利用刺细胞帮助捕获猎物<br>B.寄生虫终生生活在寄主体表或体内,靠获取寄主体内的养料生存<br>C.软体动物生活在水中,靠入水管、出水管获取水里的食物颗粒<br>D.节肢动物生活在陆地上,利用口器获取食物<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/d483c7c337cd4e6b911cb743c991dbe3/E7F0EDF83F40244C8F0C84B97471AED6.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/e9308edc6f0844439538e6f5bf5cf9f5/6DA01496CAE96BD8006E83DE5E935C8A.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>下列关于动物运动的描述不正确的是( )<br>A.不利于觅食和避敌<br>B.动物通过运动主动地适应环境<br>C.有利于动物自身的生存和繁衍<br>D.有利于动物主动地、有目的地占领各自的生活领域<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/c8253c08d9f7491e820893e7243fd9fe/E7F0EDF83F40244C8F0C84B97471AED6.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/8236007ec51840f681f7d6e71746813b/9850EB14D7B48DA166196175999E87BC.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>蜂群中蜂王、工蜂、雄蜂各司其职,分工协作。蜜蜂这种行为属于( )<br>A.繁殖行为 B.防御行为<br>C.社群(会)行为 D.迁徙(节律)行为<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/5a99ebaf707140069e65a9b9d53f4206/06CA09E70C17EF8BA2D3B8C70D693953.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/f09d9034eb9d4ef3902fe9aac6a4c6b9/55072C6BF88FA42F837E5281171FCD53.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>如图中能正确表示骨骼肌附着在骨上的模式图的是( )<br>A.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/10/10/30DCF23042425B6DF146E4E9C2E1DC8F.png"><br>B.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/10/10/A8E3CCE405471A57F1B06C8C2E59AD1B.png"><br>C.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/10/10/80EEB49CB0AF894FFDAFE1F2D5D3B1F3.png"><br>D.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/10/10/5E9EC7784DC5DB40696D1C0D2F01E53D.png"><br><br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/d11cb41a4fd64d6daa06dc667c125c2e/E7F0EDF83F40244C8F0C84B97471AED6.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/f4395a4a816a4a97b99992adcfa72641/44B82F934C52F7D50E075C19A3D775FD.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>狮子和蛇的主要运动形式分别为( )<br>A.奔跑、爬行 B.飞行、攀缘 C.飞行、蠕动 D.跳跃、爬行<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/53ec51e3a0e84223aa2bb8e073e8ddc2/E7F0EDF83F40244C8F0C84B97471AED6.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/8a56c1fe31774a529d1713c6d899f850/75DB1563F566EB2A2628852047D591F8.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>下列动物行为中,属于学习行为的是( )<br>A.蜜蜂采蜜 B.公鸡报晓<br>C.母鸡孵卵 D.山雀偷喝牛奶<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/7115db91d7744603babcd15b4ee8ce0c/01A39E48B8A67989A23F6887F26FCC64.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/b0de3aa46cbc48459e5e8c4b18f78512/B2591111F13E8817EC1B2A2370E1AEDC.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>真菌和细菌生活必需的基本条件是( )<br>A.水分、适宜的温度、有机物<br>B.水分、适宜的温度、无机物<br>C.水分、较高的温度、充足的食物<br>D.水分、适宜的温度、充足的氧气<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/1b72ab8dd9b24b238dbd9f974e59181b/E7F0EDF83F40244C8F0C84B97471AED6.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/e4651f1735bf45e384efa42c7c31d66e/671845AA00231E63C2D1371AB899058D.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>下列动物在“尝试与错误”试验中,学习能力最强的动物是( )<br>A.蚯蚓 B.大山雀 C.青蛙 D.黑猩猩<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/aaf88387e31f420c8e72b015500e2286/01A39E48B8A67989A23F6887F26FCC64.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/a4ccbf301615498d853ba3d2ea550a56/B75C28CDD780B2CC3F6567858B1052A6.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>细菌的分布十分广泛是因为( )<br>A.分裂生殖,繁殖速度快<br>B.个体微小,易传播<br>C.条件不适宜时可形成芽孢,随风飘散<br>D.以上三项都是<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/a0ad5e05c0174b44a350512a901e84d8/01A39E48B8A67989A23F6887F26FCC64.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/8b4e0da94e544425b9643d076565cd62/9990E68C26ECCE79AAC144147C85788A.png"><br><br>※题型：读图填空题※知识点：读图填空题※试题难度：中等<br>如图是几种不同类型的生物细胞结构示意图,<br>请据图<br>回答问题:<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/10/10/B8AE2FBAF6A3D7CC0E8CD05A6A26FCBF.png"><br>1.以上几种生物体,在结构层次上的共同特点都是生物。<br>2.图中甲属于生物,因为其没有。<br>3.图甲的可以使它运动。(填字母)<br>4.图中生物可以进行分裂生殖的是。(填甲、乙、丙)<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/dc1cda86c7e148a59d9e801a8f8702d3/5599984F5DDF09F4E37D466EB86A6B39.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/f36b695336324607bf2a0161d3f6db0c/C80289CF0E6C52C3315CAE4AC1A99CBF.png"><br><br>※题型：读图填空题※知识点：读图填空题※试题难度：中等<br>如图是关节的结构示意图,<br>请据图<br>回答:<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/10/10/AA4522D7C1EF20B1042CF0B76CC00B74.png"><br>1.关节能够灵活地运动,是因为关节腔内有少量的滑液和表面光滑的,(填文字)从而减少了骨与骨之间的摩擦。<br>2.把两块骨牢固联系在一起的是[]。(填数字)<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/88d1918a6802460e9cf601282d49afb5/FB85BE9CB09D6BEF69262B2A22391CF6.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/6d65be7664b341cabece281ce544e13e/008D3CF2B6EB46E9A63EF09C6D322E23.png"><br><br>※题型：读图填空题※知识点：读图填空题※试题难度：中等<br>如图是人的屈肘和伸<br>肘动作<br>示意图请分析回答:<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/10/10/BBA20C9E36EBB928F026B8819EF11E35.png"><br>1.当你屈肘时,上臂肌肉所处的状态是图。<br>2.图B中①表示,处于状态。<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/415ea5e09b6e40d8b54d360b99cda04f/AFF00FFB872FE3F9EFF706297D67A95E.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/0b99002d224946bf97b237bfe3795f4a/248B124532083590C93C1F39F51B6E74.png"><br><br>
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