吉林省德惠市大学区2019-2020学年八年级上学期期中考试生物试卷
※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>下列关于腔肠动物的叙述,哪一项是错误的( )<br>A.水螅、水蚤都是腔肠动物<br>B.腔肠动物属于无脊椎动物<br>C.肠腔动物有口无肛门<br>D.腔肠动物都是生活在水中<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/92f52d3ff9034051a2306a42d3e76d56/DA50F910BECBBBA4AAB35D7A1AB24524.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/dd5ddadb5828403687a752d4254da914/37057737590A6B3A32A100CC4AE5CEBD.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>辐射对称有利于动物全方位感知和捕捉猎物。下列动物的身体呈辐射对称的是( )<br>A.涡虫 B.蛔虫 C.蚯蚓 D.珊瑚虫<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/998d7570a7364a008c31fa62e33f229a/D9A7E0722DAB5479A60928D5B8864BC6.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/5bbb6c89775f40ef882a4f8d8c9b6f7c/68C30EA3DC370BCA3DEE14B25C9FC24F.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>毛主席诗称“瘟神”的血吸虫病悄然卷土重来。预防血吸虫病的重要措施是( )<br>A.消灭钉螺 B.不食用生的或未煮熟的鱼虾<br>C.管理好粪便 D.注意个人饮食卫生<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/4cdf9cc583744d3ba5c3e28cc2a20fd4/DA50F910BECBBBA4AAB35D7A1AB24524.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/02e205375d8d4b0e84c0822c6038cbc5/00C841B4C82EF66E144F8E774CB87ADB.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>下列哪项不是扁形动物的特征( )<br>A.背腹扁平 B.自由生活 C.两侧对称 D.有口无肛门<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/7e844bda65aa47bea741dbe9bb30d325/4EF59C4461E28F3B3B09551EB8B9AC3F.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/ee168a0899b04314b6e47660b870477b/1A281BD50F86800CEF6CB647D553B37B.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>在下列蛔虫的形态结构特点中,哪项是不属于适于寄生生活的( )<br>A.身体呈圆柱形 B.体表有角质层<br>C.生殖器官发达 D.消化管结构简单<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/2310de15394b4e71ae48429e43c8f7ba/DA50F910BECBBBA4AAB35D7A1AB24524.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/7908d392a3934aefabd3b8f24a1930f2/63B11DD38AAB714C130221912CD9F845.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br> 雨后常见到蚯蚓爬出地面,这是因为( )<br>A.雨后土壤中氧少,蚯蚓爬出地面呼吸<br>B.雨后土壤中食物不足,蚯蚓爬出地面取食<br>C.蚯蚓爬出地面交配产卵<br>D.雨后土壤中压力加大,蚯蚓无法运动<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/25deec8c9e3743cabb8de425868b043f/DA50F910BECBBBA4AAB35D7A1AB24524.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/1cf441f23e80487f8d10827b43fb1c73/2747D2E2BB57C8A79C051B2FE9EF5834.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>动物进化过程中,环节动物的身体出现了分节现象。动物身体分节的意义是( )<br>A.有利于灵活的运动 B.有利于呼吸<br>C.有利于美观 D.有利于保持身体湿润<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/cbbd2d4496bb4be0ae19a2bdf36f33be/DA50F910BECBBBA4AAB35D7A1AB24524.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/2eedebde39ac47e68d707450e4d900cd/8869FCBF3FAF555F53DDBC378D8E99D3.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>蝗虫、蜘蛛、蜈蚣、虾等动物的共同特征中,描述不正确的是( )<br>A.身体由很多体节构成 B.都有单眼和复眼<br>C.体表都有外骨骼 D.足和触角都分节<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/a0afd2f034ba4be88913b6b9653f9805/4EF59C4461E28F3B3B09551EB8B9AC3F.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/669e7fcfba2b4f5faf3815382d1107f3/78C949EF8D1BFB9CCAA11D62FFD608F1.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>成语“金蝉脱壳”中,“壳”指的是( )<br>A.外骨骼 B.外套膜 C.角质层 D.翅<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/87b46f8ffe67406c935837457999f7a4/DA50F910BECBBBA4AAB35D7A1AB24524.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/f32ebc3f67f34fbc8f024da46dc4bc4e/7474C57DF7ADA0A25438C6FC6540079A.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>以下哪一项不是鱼鳃适于在水中呼吸的结构特点( )<br>A.鳃丝又细又多 B.鳃内有丰富的毛细血管<br>C.鳃是鲜红色的 D.口、鳃孔与外界相通<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/e1acceeb45894c8aa00205940d2267e8/D7C9A679F3C72D4F1064B7D0A0FD4AD8.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/6484647db92f4554823b9146da48ea19/B938477D8FE86F3C0F50D3DCED9AAA24.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>有关鱼类动物的叙述,不正确的是( )<br>A.身体分为头部、躯干部和尾部<br>B.体表常有鳞片覆盖<br>C.身体表面的黏液能减少运动的阻力<br>D.有些鱼用鳃呼吸,有些鱼用肺呼吸<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/31b0680c553b4ebc911325f4f4031d7e/D9A7E0722DAB5479A60928D5B8864BC6.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/3a1b7efde5194761a75fbe949bf85003/847DC23948C22AC2CD6753808F6B190A.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>下列关于两栖动物的描述中,正确的是( )<br>A.既能生活在水中,又能生活在陆地上<br>B.幼体生活在水中,成体生活在陆地上<br>C.幼体生活在陆地上,成体生活在水中<br>D.它们在水中用鳃呼吸,在陆地上用肺呼吸<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/13758cf7ec78423ca28c62e7afe83442/4EF59C4461E28F3B3B09551EB8B9AC3F.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/cbff1f028cf1439cbea527a1c3aa0fa9/A92E58F53C44C2E0B7B3F356F522AA39.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>下列关于胎生、哺乳的叙述,不正确的是( )<br>A.所有哺乳动物都以胎生方式繁殖后代<br>B.哺乳为幼仔成长提供优越的营养条件<br>C.胎生哺乳大大降低了幼仔的死亡率<br>D.胎生提高了哺乳动物的成活率<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/756a9ddb9f1c4f9ba3ad2e373b1b5c81/DA50F910BECBBBA4AAB35D7A1AB24524.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/140199064eb647da8ca28ead03e183dc/E36E58D130BC46FD83CD7BD3B5F3606F.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>哺乳动物的运动系统不包括( )<br>A.骨 B.关节 C.骨骼肌 D.神经<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2019/9506c27081a8494ba59bede19dee3acd/D9A7E0722DAB5479A60928D5B8864BC6.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2019/0a00d6d4ab1a43548d5fc38ea64688d0/3D0A170DE8F9848E2351DD8768FE12E3.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>能够正确表示肌肉、骨与关节之间关系的是( )<br>A.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/9/11/4AE82F9687353FD028CDD4ED1A561F49.png"><br>B.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/9/11/80EA07238453C1AA748182D0B12B6EAB.png"><br>C.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/9/11/18A76D4B7FED3D1FAB6885E14C05AF92.png"><br>D.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/9/11/A1EA49D49A31C117CD26675FA70196C5.png"><br><br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/0264513c694b42d5a130144aedaa0368/D9A7E0722DAB5479A60928D5B8864BC6.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/c5c470e18dec4b7e915f848c19cfbf24/71CBD53D058AC9F40D12072A2DFBC889.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>下列动物的行为中,属于先天性行为的是( )<br>①小鸟喂鱼②大山雀喝牛奶③黑猩猩钓取白蚁④小袋鼠爬到母袋鼠的育儿袋中吃奶A.①②③④ B.①④ C.②③ D.②③④<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/7708e88da04541cd8477150ca932a217/4EF59C4461E28F3B3B09551EB8B9AC3F.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/41c9b152920e42fdb119a294b1fd1a2a/1F61CDBBCE11BF2E56F2E70B26943A25.png"><br><br>※题型：填空题※知识点：填空题※试题难度：中等<br>涡虫的身体呈_____对称,也成_____对称。<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/9139f0cfd95947f6bbbea8133ab7af7c/FA62718F5B5330AD7B34DF8A053ECF9D.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/57670b9e5314451198fe556e39146d6d/643C441409C6DC76D42A241A037BA9FC.png"><br><br>※题型：填空题※知识点：填空题※试题难度：中等<br>鸟用坚硬的______来啄取食物,没有______。<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/6ee9f59ea71144e8b82681404bc1c4b1/263E644F87169001F8DA2C0EB99D4DA0.png"><br>解析<br>略<br>※题型：填空题※知识点：填空题※试题难度：容易<br>从行为的获得途径来看,动物的行为大致可分为两类。一类是_____行为,另一类是______行为。<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2011/20f9bd9cddcf42b3b1dc3a0bf1fea2ee/E251C2657C6DFB1413DA6B7BE7194B6A.png"><br>解析<br>略<br>※题型：填空题※知识点：填空题※试题难度：中等<br>蝗虫的感觉器官有一对_____,三个_____和一对______。<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/cc70d977b6804b8882049cc82a1280a6/B75296598D1C8D1CD3C5FCC27110EE85.png"><br>解析<br>略<br>※题型：填空题※知识点：填空题※试题难度：中等<br>骨的运动要靠_______的牵拉。<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/b495a936c7104df38921bc0c442739d7/E875BE13451F6D469D5914EC469414BF.png"><br>解析<br>略<br>※题型：判断题※知识点：判断题※试题难度：容易<br>一只失去雏鸟的美国红雀,总是给鱼池边浮到水面张口求食的金鱼喂食,这是红雀的先天性行为。( )<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2010/6ce170c7dba74f2eadc77a34f09afd79/4BEBB1570D38D48581548ADA86554D97.png"><br>解析<br>略<br>※题型：判断题※知识点：判断题※试题难度：中等<br>屈肘时肱二头肌收缩,肱三头肌舒张。( )<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/1c230d1fe0ff47549fa10b35cc3ad7f9/4BEBB1570D38D48581548ADA86554D97.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/f72933f9d17643a698cba3b544d13b53/C5C59A405E087589CEDD7F405D4C6332.png"><br><br>※题型：判断题※知识点：判断题※试题难度：较易<br>狒狒群体中担任“首领”的一般是雌性狒狒。( )<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2014/82017baaea5c476b83fd112c4b7ae1b5/B4F624DAE646E750151FFAD3FF71C09F.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2014/25017704543b42908e36e6e3fe725529/28B23BC63E1BAD02DA4A57DB14CD4ACF.png"><br><br>※题型：判断题※知识点：判断题※试题难度：较易<br>凡是带有鱼字的都是鱼类如:鲸鱼、章鱼、鱿鱼、鳄鱼。( )<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2015/fbb58353ca2c43239759b8432a0b2fee/B4F624DAE646E750151FFAD3FF71C09F.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2015/fd6105c1d5a7428a96f5d1f974d4c4a6/7759BB84DEB5B270DEC7569CF2701EB8.png"><br><br>※题型：判断题※知识点：判断题※试题难度：中等<br>蚯蚓既能适应环境,也能通过疏松土壤、排出粪便而影响环境。( )<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/bfd7bb179ea94d19997338cf1e60193c/4BEBB1570D38D48581548ADA86554D97.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/b0d16028d33b42249e0373a568636fc6/08D2C6639690EDD9DDC09F3E4249C336.png"><br><br>※题型：判断题※知识点：判断题※试题难度：中等<br>线形动物都对人类有害。( )<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/8b49438c679a49579daf1dd2b52b0305/B4F624DAE646E750151FFAD3FF71C09F.png"><br>解析<br>略<br>※题型：判断题※知识点：判断题※试题难度：较易<br>有的两栖动物终生生活在水中。( )<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2015/896ff6fdbbc74e14ae99a1a081b5d90a/4BEBB1570D38D48581548ADA86554D97.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2015/1e24ee3ec3e9462e9c3c891bd682b913/F0E6F930A614A06546FAA8B082361667.png"><br><br>※题型：判断题※知识点：判断题※试题难度：中等<br>爬行动物是脊椎动物中由水生进化为陆生的中间过渡类型。( )<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/dee4a72e1d464de1895b60b05470c725/B4F624DAE646E750151FFAD3FF71C09F.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/f934ceca2f964313aa2fa1dbac685480/9F40EE51F1935396DC144D5907AF1A2F.png"><br><br>※题型：读图填空题※知识点：读图填空题※试题难度：中等<br>如图是我们学过的五种动物,请回答有关问题:<img <br>1.B生活在水中,它的呼吸器官是_______,通过尾部和躯干部的摆动以及_______的协调作用游泳。<br>2.五种动物中属于无脊椎动物的是____(填字母)。<br>3.D有一种独特的呼吸方式,这与其体内结构__________有关。<br>4.动物E的主要特征是____________,从而提高了后代的成活率。<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/5b8491378c68401f89f4998353247ed7/3205A677C02F739645BA45667F9645E9.png"><br>解析<br>略<br>※题型：读图填空题※知识点：读图填空题※试题难度：中等<br>下图为人的关节模式图,请根据图回答相关问题:<img <br>1.图中③称为_______,④称为______。<br>2.图中⑤是_______,它的作用是减少运动时①和④接触面的摩擦和缓冲振动。<br>3.如果因为用力过猛或不慎摔倒,有可能造成脱臼,脱臼是指关节头从______(填序号)里面滑脱出来。<br>4.关节炎是一种常见疾病,患者关节腔内大量积液并伴有肿胀疼痛。其病变部位是____________。<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/342c983bfe4945b4915924905c9feb93/7244CF1267D7FBBF685841D1A8A571B6.png"><br>解析<br>略<br>
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